不一樣vlan間的通訊簡單配置(三種方式)

                                                       不一樣vlan間的通訊簡單配置

1．單臂路由(圖)

環境：一臺路由器，一臺二層交換機，兩臺pc機

 二層交換機的配置
通常模式：
Switch>
輸入enable進入特權模式：
Switch>enable
輸入configure terminal進入全局配置模式：
Switch#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
建立vlan 10 和 vlan 20：
Switch(config)#vlan 10
Switch(config-vlan)#vlan 20
Switch(config-vlan)# exit
進入接口配置模式：
Switch(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/1
把0/1變成trunk口（默認是access口）
Switch(config-if)#switchport mode trunk

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to down

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to up

Switch(config-if)#exit
進入接口配置模式分別把對應的接口，加入對應的vlan：
Switch(config)#interface fastEthernet 1/1

Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access
Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 10

Switch(config-if)#interface fastEthernet 2/1
Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access
Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 20

到此而層交換機配置完畢！

路由器的配置：

Router>
Router>enable
Router#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#inter fas 0/0

Router(config-if)#no ip address
Router(config-if)#no shutdown

注意：單臂路由的配置父接口必定要no shutdown

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

Router(config-if)#exit

Router(config)#int fas 0/0.10

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0.10, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0.10, changed state to up

Router(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1Q 10

注意：在配置ip時必定要先封裝802.1q協議
Router(config-subif)#ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config-subif)#no shutdown
Router(config-subif)#int fas 0/0.20

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0.20, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0.20, changed state to up
Router(config-subif)#ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0

% Configuring IP routing on a LAN subinterface is only allowed if that
subinterface is already configured as part of an IEEE 802.10, IEEE 802.1Q,
or ISL vLAN.

Router(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1Q 20
Router(config-subif)#ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config-subif)#no shutdown
Router(config-subif)#

查看路由表：
Router#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
       i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
       * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
       P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

C    192.168.10.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0.10
C    192.168.20.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0.20
Router#

PC0的配置：
ip 192.168.10.10
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.10.1

PC1的配置：
ip 192.168.20.20
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.20.1

2.使用SVI實現VLAN間的通訊（圖）

環境：一臺三層交換機，兩臺pc機

三層交換機的配置：
Switch>enable
Switch#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

建立vlan 10  20
Switch(config)#vlan 10
Switch(config-vlan)#vlan 20
Switch(config-vlan)#exit

配置SVI接口ip
Switch(config)#interface vlan 10

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Vlan10, changed state to up
Switch(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0
Switch(config-if)#no shutdown
Switch(config-if)#interface vlan 20

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Vlan20, changed state to up
Switch(config-if)#ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0
Switch(config-if)#no shutdown
Switch(config-if)#exit

改變接口模式並加入vlan
Switch(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/1
Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access
Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 10

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Vlan10, changed state to up
Switch(config-if)#interface fastEthernet 0/2
Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access
Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 20

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Vlan20, changed state to up
Switch(config-if)#
看三層交換機的路由表：
Switch#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
       i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
       * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
       P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

C    192.168.10.0/24 is directly connected, Vlan10
C    192.168.20.0/24 is directly connected, Vlan20
Switch#
兩主機的配置與單臂路由中兩主機的配置同樣

3.跨交換機實現VLAN間的通訊（圖）

環境：一臺三層交換機，兩臺二層交換機，兩臺pc機

三層交換機的配置(SW3)
Switch>enable
Switch#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

建立vlan 10 、 20 並設置ip
Switch(config)#vlan 10
Switch(config-vlan)#vlan 20
Switch(config-vlan)#exit
Switch(config)#interface vlan 10

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Vlan10, changed state to up
Switch(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0
Switch(config-if)#no shutdown
Switch(config-if)#interface vlan 20

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Vlan20, changed state to up
Switch(config-if)#ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0
Switch(config-if)#no shutdown
Switch(config-if)#exit

設置接口模式並加入相應的vlan（注意trunk口的設置）
Switch(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/1

Switch(config-if)#switchport mode trunk

Switch(config-if)#interface fastEthernet 0/1
Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 10

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Vlan10, changed state to up

Switch(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/2
Switch(config-if)#switchport mode trunk
Switch(config-if)#interface fastEthernet 0/2

Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 20

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Vlan20, changed state to up

Switch#

看路由表

Switch#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
       i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
       * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
       P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

C    192.168.10.0/24 is directly connected, Vlan10
C    192.168.20.0/24 is directly connected, Vlan20

SW21的配置
Switch>enable

Switch#configure  terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
Switch(config)#vlan 10
Switch(config-vlan)#exit

Switch(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/1

Switch(config-if)#switchport mode trunk

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to down

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to up

Switch(config-if)#interface fastEthernet 1/1
Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access
Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 10
Switch(config-if)#exit
Switch(config)#

SW22的配置
Switch>

Switch>en

Switch#
Switch#configure ter
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
Switch(config)#inter fas  1/1
Switch(config-if)#switchport mode trunk

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet1/1, changed state to down

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet1/1, changed state to up

Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access  
Switch(config-if)#inter fas 2/1
Switch(config-if)#switchport mode trunk

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet2/1, changed state to down

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet2/1, changed state to up
 
Switch(config-if)#exit
Switch(config)#vlan 20
Switch(config-vlan)#inter fas  1/1
Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 20
Switch(config-if)#

注意：兩交換機之間的連接是trunk鏈路

4.以上配置在模擬器上均可實現

在模擬器上配置其中pc圖片

上述三種方式pc機的配置都同樣

 

 

驗證：