Swing-JOptionPane對話框用法-入門
對話框是GUI程序中常見的界面，一般用來反饋提示信息、告警或獲取用戶輸入。好比這種：html
JOptionPane是Swing中的一個對話框類，它可以提供常見的絕大多數對話框效果，本文對這個類進行介紹。須要說明的有兩點：1.JOptionPane所提供的對話框是模態的，也就是說對話框會阻塞原窗口的顯示；若是要建立一個非模態對話框，必須使用JDialog類。2.swing另外提供了JFileChooser類（文件選擇器）和JColorChooser（顏色選擇器），這些對話框比較特殊，之後專門再講。java
JOptionPane有不一樣的方法來顯示不一樣效果的對話框。首先是showMessageDialog，效果以下：oracle
JOptionPane對話框基本要素app
能夠看到，JOptionPane對話框主要包含4個要素，如上圖所示。它的構造函數也是以這4個要素爲參數進行組織的。icon可以在直觀上反映對話框的類型是告警、提示仍是其餘。它具備如下類型：ide
JOptionPane圖標類型函數
通常狀況下，圖標形狀由構造函數中的「消息類型」決定的；然而也能夠自定義該圖標，這時就須要明確指定另外一個「icon」參數了。message用於顯示提示信息的內容，它是一個object類型的參數，通常咱們都傳遞給它字符串。oop
第二個方法是showOptionDialog，它與前者的區別在於option區域，效果以下：ui
showOptionDialog基本效果this
Option區域也會有「肯定/取消」等等其餘效果，具體由「optionType」參數決定。spa
第三個方法是showInputDialog，它可以經過下拉菜單、文本域等控件獲取String類型的用戶輸入。效果以下：
showInputDialog基本效果
另外，有時程序爲了強制用戶在對話框中作出選擇，不得不由止使用右上角的關閉按鈕退出對話框，這就須要程序專門爲對話框實現監聽器，並確保對話框只能經過用戶輸入來關閉。
經常使用方法以下：
static void showMessageDialog(Component, Object)
static void showMessageDialog(Component, Object, String, int)
static void showMessageDialog(Component, Object, String, int, Icon)
static int showOptionDialog(Component, Object, String, int, int, Icon, Object[], Object)
static int showConfirmDialog(Component, Object)
static int showConfirmDialog(Component, Object, String, int)
static int showConfirmDialog(Component, Object, String, int, int)
static int showConfirmDialog(Component, Object, String, int, int, Icon)
static String showInputDialog(Object)
static String showInputDialog(Component, Object)
static String showInputDialog(Component, Object, String, int)
static String showInputDialog(Component, Object, String, int, Icon, Object[], Object)
下面是示例代碼：
DialogDemo.java
package DialogDemo; import javax.swing.JOptionPane; import javax.swing.JDialog; import javax.swing.JButton; import javax.swing.JRadioButton; import javax.swing.ButtonGroup; import javax.swing.JLabel; import javax.swing.ImageIcon; import javax.swing.BoxLayout; import javax.swing.Box; import javax.swing.BorderFactory; import javax.swing.border.Border; import javax.swing.JTabbedPane; import javax.swing.JPanel; import javax.swing.JFrame; import java.beans.*; //Property change stuff import java.awt.*; import java.awt.event.*; /* * source code from http://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/uiswing/examples/components/DialogDemoProject/src/components/DialogDemo.java */ /* * DialogDemo.java requires these files: * CustomDialog.java * images/middle.gif */ public class DialogDemo extends JPanel { JLabel label; ImageIcon icon = createImageIcon("images/middle.gif"); JFrame frame; String simpleDialogDesc = "Some simple message dialogs"; String iconDesc = "A JOptionPane has its choice of icons"; String moreDialogDesc = "Some more dialogs"; CustomDialog customDialog; /** Creates the GUI shown inside the frame's content pane. */ public DialogDemo(JFrame frame) { super(new BorderLayout()); this.frame = frame; customDialog = new CustomDialog(frame, "geisel", this); customDialog.pack(); //Create the components. JPanel frequentPanel = createSimpleDialogBox(); JPanel featurePanel = createFeatureDialogBox(); JPanel iconPanel = createIconDialogBox(); label = new JLabel("Click the \"Show it!\" button" + " to bring up the selected dialog.", JLabel.CENTER); //Lay them out. Border padding = BorderFactory.createEmptyBorder(20,20,5,20); frequentPanel.setBorder(padding); featurePanel.setBorder(padding); iconPanel.setBorder(padding); JTabbedPane tabbedPane = new JTabbedPane(); tabbedPane.addTab("Simple Modal Dialogs", null, frequentPanel, simpleDialogDesc); //tooltip text tabbedPane.addTab("More Dialogs", null, featurePanel, moreDialogDesc); //tooltip text tabbedPane.addTab("Dialog Icons", null, iconPanel, iconDesc); //tooltip text add(tabbedPane, BorderLayout.CENTER); add(label, BorderLayout.PAGE_END); label.setBorder(BorderFactory.createEmptyBorder(10,10,10,10)); } /** Sets the text displayed at the bottom of the frame. */ void setLabel(String newText) { label.setText(newText); } /** Returns an ImageIcon, or null if the path was invalid. */ protected static ImageIcon createImageIcon(String path) { java.net.URL imgURL = DialogDemo.class.getResource(path); if (imgURL != null) { return new ImageIcon(imgURL); } else { System.err.println("Couldn't find file: " + path); return null; } } /** Creates the panel shown by the first tab. */ private JPanel createSimpleDialogBox() { final int numButtons = 4; JRadioButton[] radioButtons = new JRadioButton[numButtons]; final ButtonGroup group = new ButtonGroup(); JButton showItButton = null; final String defaultMessageCommand = "default"; final String yesNoCommand = "yesno"; final String yeahNahCommand = "yeahnah"; final String yncCommand = "ync"; radioButtons[0] = new JRadioButton("OK (in the L&F's words)"); radioButtons[0].setActionCommand(defaultMessageCommand); radioButtons[1] = new JRadioButton("Yes/No (in the L&F's words)"); radioButtons[1].setActionCommand(yesNoCommand); radioButtons[2] = new JRadioButton("Yes/No " + "(in the programmer's words)"); radioButtons[2].setActionCommand(yeahNahCommand); radioButtons[3] = new JRadioButton("Yes/No/Cancel " + "(in the programmer's words)"); radioButtons[3].setActionCommand(yncCommand); for (int i = 0; i < numButtons; i++) { group.add(radioButtons[i]); } radioButtons[0].setSelected(true); showItButton = new JButton("Show it!"); showItButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { String command = group.getSelection().getActionCommand(); //ok dialog if (command == defaultMessageCommand) { JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(frame, "Eggs aren't supposed to be green."); //yes/no dialog } else if (command == yesNoCommand) { int n = JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog( frame, "Would you like green eggs and ham?", "An Inane Question", JOptionPane.YES_NO_OPTION); if (n == JOptionPane.YES_OPTION) { setLabel("Ewww!"); } else if (n == JOptionPane.NO_OPTION) { setLabel("Me neither!"); } else { setLabel("Come on -- tell me!"); } //yes/no (not in those words) } else if (command == yeahNahCommand) { Object[] options = {"Yes, please", "No way!"}; int n = JOptionPane.showOptionDialog(frame, "Would you like green eggs and ham?", "A Silly Question", JOptionPane.YES_NO_OPTION, JOptionPane.QUESTION_MESSAGE, null, options, options[0]); if (n == JOptionPane.YES_OPTION) { setLabel("You're kidding!"); } else if (n == JOptionPane.NO_OPTION) { setLabel("I don't like them, either."); } else { setLabel("Come on -- 'fess up!"); } //yes/no/cancel (not in those words) } else if (command == yncCommand) { Object[] options = {"Yes, please", "No, thanks", "No eggs, no ham!"}; int n = JOptionPane.showOptionDialog(frame, "Would you like some green eggs to go " + "with that ham?", "A Silly Question", JOptionPane.YES_NO_CANCEL_OPTION, JOptionPane.QUESTION_MESSAGE, null, options, options[2]); if (n == JOptionPane.YES_OPTION) { setLabel("Here you go: green eggs and ham!"); } else if (n == JOptionPane.NO_OPTION) { setLabel("OK, just the ham, then."); } else if (n == JOptionPane.CANCEL_OPTION) { setLabel("Well, I'm certainly not going to eat them!"); } else { setLabel("Please tell me what you want!"); } } return; } }); return createPane(simpleDialogDesc + ":", radioButtons, showItButton); } /** * Used by createSimpleDialogBox and createFeatureDialogBox * to create a pane containing a description, a single column * of radio buttons, and the Show it! button. */ private JPanel createPane(String description, JRadioButton[] radioButtons, JButton showButton) { int numChoices = radioButtons.length; JPanel box = new JPanel(); JLabel label = new JLabel(description); box.setLayout(new BoxLayout(box, BoxLayout.PAGE_AXIS)); box.add(label); for (int i = 0; i < numChoices; i++) { box.add(radioButtons[i]); } JPanel pane = new JPanel(new BorderLayout()); pane.add(box, BorderLayout.PAGE_START); pane.add(showButton, BorderLayout.PAGE_END); return pane; } /** * Like createPane, but creates a pane with 2 columns of radio * buttons. The number of buttons passed in *must* be even. */ private JPanel create2ColPane(String description, JRadioButton[] radioButtons, JButton showButton) { JLabel label = new JLabel(description); int numPerColumn = radioButtons.length/2; JPanel grid = new JPanel(new GridLayout(0, 2)); for (int i = 0; i < numPerColumn; i++) { grid.add(radioButtons[i]); grid.add(radioButtons[i + numPerColumn]); } JPanel box = new JPanel(); box.setLayout(new BoxLayout(box, BoxLayout.PAGE_AXIS)); box.add(label); grid.setAlignmentX(0.0f); box.add(grid); JPanel pane = new JPanel(new BorderLayout()); pane.add(box, BorderLayout.PAGE_START); pane.add(showButton, BorderLayout.PAGE_END); return pane; } /* * Creates the panel shown by the 3rd tab. * These dialogs are implemented using showMessageDialog, but * you can specify the icon (using similar code) for any other * kind of dialog, as well. */ private JPanel createIconDialogBox() { JButton showItButton = null; final int numButtons = 6; JRadioButton[] radioButtons = new JRadioButton[numButtons]; final ButtonGroup group = new ButtonGroup(); final String plainCommand = "plain"; final String infoCommand = "info"; final String questionCommand = "question"; final String errorCommand = "error"; final String warningCommand = "warning"; final String customCommand = "custom"; radioButtons[0] = new JRadioButton("Plain (no icon)"); radioButtons[0].setActionCommand(plainCommand); radioButtons[1] = new JRadioButton("Information icon"); radioButtons[1].setActionCommand(infoCommand); radioButtons[2] = new JRadioButton("Question icon"); radioButtons[2].setActionCommand(questionCommand); radioButtons[3] = new JRadioButton("Error icon"); radioButtons[3].setActionCommand(errorCommand); radioButtons[4] = new JRadioButton("Warning icon"); radioButtons[4].setActionCommand(warningCommand); radioButtons[5] = new JRadioButton("Custom icon"); radioButtons[5].setActionCommand(customCommand); for (int i = 0; i < numButtons; i++) { group.add(radioButtons[i]); } radioButtons[0].setSelected(true); showItButton = new JButton("Show it!"); showItButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { String command = group.getSelection().getActionCommand(); //no icon if (command == plainCommand) { JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(frame, "Eggs aren't supposed to be green.", "A plain message", JOptionPane.PLAIN_MESSAGE); //information icon } else if (command == infoCommand) { JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(frame, "Eggs aren't supposed to be green.", "Inane informational dialog", JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE); //XXX: It doesn't make sense to make a question with //XXX: only one button. //XXX: See "Yes/No (but not in those words)" for a better solution. //question icon } else if (command == questionCommand) { JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(frame, "You shouldn't use a message dialog " + "(like this)\n" + "for a question, OK?", "Inane question", JOptionPane.QUESTION_MESSAGE); //error icon } else if (command == errorCommand) { JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(frame, "Eggs aren't supposed to be green.", "Inane error", JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE); //warning icon } else if (command == warningCommand) { JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(frame, "Eggs aren't supposed to be green.", "Inane warning", JOptionPane.WARNING_MESSAGE); //custom icon } else if (command == customCommand) { JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(frame, "Eggs aren't supposed to be green.", "Inane custom dialog", JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE, icon); } } }); return create2ColPane(iconDesc + ":", radioButtons, showItButton); } /** Creates the panel shown by the second tab. */ private JPanel createFeatureDialogBox() { final int numButtons = 5; JRadioButton[] radioButtons = new JRadioButton[numButtons]; final ButtonGroup group = new ButtonGroup(); JButton showItButton = null; final String pickOneCommand = "pickone"; final String textEnteredCommand = "textfield"; final String nonAutoCommand = "nonautooption"; final String customOptionCommand = "customoption"; final String nonModalCommand = "nonmodal"; radioButtons[0] = new JRadioButton("Pick one of several choices"); radioButtons[0].setActionCommand(pickOneCommand); radioButtons[1] = new JRadioButton("Enter some text"); radioButtons[1].setActionCommand(textEnteredCommand); radioButtons[2] = new JRadioButton("Non-auto-closing dialog"); radioButtons[2].setActionCommand(nonAutoCommand); radioButtons[3] = new JRadioButton("Input-validating dialog " + "(with custom message area)"); radioButtons[3].setActionCommand(customOptionCommand); radioButtons[4] = new JRadioButton("Non-modal dialog"); radioButtons[4].setActionCommand(nonModalCommand); for (int i = 0; i < numButtons; i++) { group.add(radioButtons[i]); } radioButtons[0].setSelected(true); showItButton = new JButton("Show it!"); showItButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { String command = group.getSelection().getActionCommand(); //pick one of many if (command == pickOneCommand) { Object[] possibilities = {"ham", "spam", "yam"}; String s = (String)JOptionPane.showInputDialog( frame, "Complete the sentence:\n" + "\"Green eggs and...\"", "Customized Dialog", JOptionPane.PLAIN_MESSAGE, icon, possibilities, "ham"); //If a string was returned, say so. if ((s != null) && (s.length() > 0)) { setLabel("Green eggs and... " + s + "!"); return; } //If you're here, the return value was null/empty. setLabel("Come on, finish the sentence!"); //text input } else if (command == textEnteredCommand) { String s = (String)JOptionPane.showInputDialog( frame, "Complete the sentence:\n" + "\"Green eggs and...\"", "Customized Dialog", JOptionPane.PLAIN_MESSAGE, icon, null, "ham"); //If a string was returned, say so. if ((s != null) && (s.length() > 0)) { setLabel("Green eggs and... " + s + "!"); return; } //If you're here, the return value was null/empty. setLabel("Come on, finish the sentence!"); //non-auto-closing dialog } else if (command == nonAutoCommand) { final JOptionPane optionPane = new JOptionPane( "The only way to close this dialog is by\n" + "pressing one of the following buttons.\n" + "Do you understand?", JOptionPane.QUESTION_MESSAGE, JOptionPane.YES_NO_OPTION); //You can't use pane.createDialog() because that //method sets up the JDialog with a property change //listener that automatically closes the window //when a button is clicked. final JDialog dialog = new JDialog(frame, "Click a button", true); dialog.setContentPane(optionPane); dialog.setDefaultCloseOperation( JDialog.DO_NOTHING_ON_CLOSE); dialog.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() { public void windowClosing(WindowEvent we) { setLabel("Thwarted user attempt to close window."); } }); optionPane.addPropertyChangeListener( new PropertyChangeListener() { public void propertyChange(PropertyChangeEvent e) { String prop = e.getPropertyName(); if (dialog.isVisible() && (e.getSource() == optionPane) && (JOptionPane.VALUE_PROPERTY.equals(prop))) { //If you were going to check something //before closing the window, you'd do //it here. dialog.setVisible(false); } } }); dialog.pack(); dialog.setLocationRelativeTo(frame); dialog.setVisible(true); int value = ((Integer)optionPane.getValue()).intValue(); if (value == JOptionPane.YES_OPTION) { setLabel("Good."); } else if (value == JOptionPane.NO_OPTION) { setLabel("Try using the window decorations " + "to close the non-auto-closing dialog. " + "You can't!"); } else { setLabel("Window unavoidably closed (ESC?)."); } //non-auto-closing dialog with custom message area //NOTE: if you don't intend to check the input, //then just use showInputDialog instead. } else if (command == customOptionCommand) { customDialog.setLocationRelativeTo(frame); customDialog.setVisible(true); String s = customDialog.getValidatedText(); if (s != null) { //The text is valid. setLabel("Congratulations! " + "You entered \"" + s + "\"."); } //non-modal dialog } else if (command == nonModalCommand) { //Create the dialog. final JDialog dialog = new JDialog(frame, "A Non-Modal Dialog"); //Add contents to it. It must have a close button, //since some L&Fs (notably Java/Metal) don't provide one //in the window decorations for dialogs. JLabel label = new JLabel("<html><p align=center>" + "This is a non-modal dialog.<br>" + "You can have one or more of these up<br>" + "and still use the main window."); label.setHorizontalAlignment(JLabel.CENTER); Font font = label.getFont(); label.setFont(label.getFont().deriveFont(font.PLAIN, 14.0f)); JButton closeButton = new JButton("Close"); closeButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { dialog.setVisible(false); dialog.dispose(); } }); JPanel closePanel = new JPanel(); closePanel.setLayout(new BoxLayout(closePanel, BoxLayout.LINE_AXIS)); closePanel.add(Box.createHorizontalGlue()); closePanel.add(closeButton); closePanel.setBorder(BorderFactory. createEmptyBorder(0,0,5,5)); JPanel contentPane = new JPanel(new BorderLayout()); contentPane.add(label, BorderLayout.CENTER); contentPane.add(closePanel, BorderLayout.PAGE_END); contentPane.setOpaque(true); dialog.setContentPane(contentPane); //Show it. dialog.setSize(new Dimension(300, 150)); dialog.setLocationRelativeTo(frame); dialog.setVisible(true); } } }); return createPane(moreDialogDesc + ":", radioButtons, showItButton); } /** * Create the GUI and show it. For thread safety, * this method should be invoked from the * event-dispatching thread. */ private static void createAndShowGUI() { //Create and set up the window. JFrame frame = new JFrame("DialogDemo"); frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); //Create and set up the content pane. DialogDemo newContentPane = new DialogDemo(frame); //newContentPane.setOpaque(true); //content panes must be opaque frame.setContentPane(newContentPane); //Display the window. frame.pack(); frame.setVisible(true); } public static void main(String[] args) { //Schedule a job for the event-dispatching thread: //creating and showing this application's GUI. javax.swing.SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() { public void run() { createAndShowGUI(); } }); } }
CustomDialog.java
package DialogDemo; import javax.swing.JOptionPane; import javax.swing.JDialog; import javax.swing.JButton; import javax.swing.JRadioButton; import javax.swing.ButtonGroup; import javax.swing.JLabel; import javax.swing.ImageIcon; import javax.swing.BoxLayout; import javax.swing.Box; import javax.swing.BorderFactory; import javax.swing.border.Border; import javax.swing.JTabbedPane; import javax.swing.JPanel; import javax.swing.JFrame; import java.beans.*; //Property change stuff import java.awt.*; import java.awt.event.*; /* * source code from http://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/uiswing/examples/components/DialogDemoProject/src/components/DialogDemo.java */ /* * DialogDemo.java requires these files: * CustomDialog.java * images/middle.gif */ public class DialogDemo extends JPanel { JLabel label; ImageIcon icon = createImageIcon("images/middle.gif"); JFrame frame; String simpleDialogDesc = "Some simple message dialogs"; String iconDesc = "A JOptionPane has its choice of icons"; String moreDialogDesc = "Some more dialogs"; CustomDialog customDialog; /** Creates the GUI shown inside the frame's content pane. */ public DialogDemo(JFrame frame) { super(new BorderLayout()); this.frame = frame; customDialog = new CustomDialog(frame, "geisel", this); customDialog.pack(); //Create the components. JPanel frequentPanel = createSimpleDialogBox(); JPanel featurePanel = createFeatureDialogBox(); JPanel iconPanel = createIconDialogBox(); label = new JLabel("Click the \"Show it!\" button" + " to bring up the selected dialog.", JLabel.CENTER); //Lay them out. Border padding = BorderFactory.createEmptyBorder(20,20,5,20); frequentPanel.setBorder(padding); featurePanel.setBorder(padding); iconPanel.setBorder(padding); JTabbedPane tabbedPane = new JTabbedPane(); tabbedPane.addTab("Simple Modal Dialogs", null, frequentPanel, simpleDialogDesc); //tooltip text tabbedPane.addTab("More Dialogs", null, featurePanel, moreDialogDesc); //tooltip text tabbedPane.addTab("Dialog Icons", null, iconPanel, iconDesc); //tooltip text add(tabbedPane, BorderLayout.CENTER); add(label, BorderLayout.PAGE_END); label.setBorder(BorderFactory.createEmptyBorder(10,10,10,10)); } /** Sets the text displayed at the bottom of the frame. */ void setLabel(String newText) { label.setText(newText); } /** Returns an ImageIcon, or null if the path was invalid. */ protected static ImageIcon createImageIcon(String path) { java.net.URL imgURL = DialogDemo.class.getResource(path); if (imgURL != null) { return new ImageIcon(imgURL); } else { System.err.println("Couldn't find file: " + path); return null; } } /** Creates the panel shown by the first tab. */ private JPanel createSimpleDialogBox() { final int numButtons = 4; JRadioButton[] radioButtons = new JRadioButton[numButtons]; final ButtonGroup group = new ButtonGroup(); JButton showItButton = null; final String defaultMessageCommand = "default"; final String yesNoCommand = "yesno"; final String yeahNahCommand = "yeahnah"; final String yncCommand = "ync"; radioButtons[0] = new JRadioButton("OK (in the L&F's words)"); radioButtons[0].setActionCommand(defaultMessageCommand); radioButtons[1] = new JRadioButton("Yes/No (in the L&F's words)"); radioButtons[1].setActionCommand(yesNoCommand); radioButtons[2] = new JRadioButton("Yes/No " + "(in the programmer's words)"); radioButtons[2].setActionCommand(yeahNahCommand); radioButtons[3] = new JRadioButton("Yes/No/Cancel " + "(in the programmer's words)"); radioButtons[3].setActionCommand(yncCommand); for (int i = 0; i < numButtons; i++) { group.add(radioButtons[i]); } radioButtons[0].setSelected(true); showItButton = new JButton("Show it!"); showItButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { String command = group.getSelection().getActionCommand(); //ok dialog if (command == defaultMessageCommand) { JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(frame, "Eggs aren't supposed to be green."); //yes/no dialog } else if (command == yesNoCommand) { int n = JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog( frame, "Would you like green eggs and ham?", "An Inane Question", JOptionPane.YES_NO_OPTION); if (n == JOptionPane.YES_OPTION) { setLabel("Ewww!"); } else if (n == JOptionPane.NO_OPTION) { setLabel("Me neither!"); } else { setLabel("Come on -- tell me!"); } //yes/no (not in those words) } else if (command == yeahNahCommand) { Object[] options = {"Yes, please", "No way!"}; int n = JOptionPane.showOptionDialog(frame, "Would you like green eggs and ham?", "A Silly Question", JOptionPane.YES_NO_OPTION, JOptionPane.QUESTION_MESSAGE, null, options, options[0]); if (n == JOptionPane.YES_OPTION) { setLabel("You're kidding!"); } else if (n == JOptionPane.NO_OPTION) { setLabel("I don't like them, either."); } else { setLabel("Come on -- 'fess up!"); } //yes/no/cancel (not in those words) } else if (command == yncCommand) { Object[] options = {"Yes, please", "No, thanks", "No eggs, no ham!"}; int n = JOptionPane.showOptionDialog(frame, "Would you like some green eggs to go " + "with that ham?", "A Silly Question", JOptionPane.YES_NO_CANCEL_OPTION, JOptionPane.QUESTION_MESSAGE, null, options, options[2]); if (n == JOptionPane.YES_OPTION) { setLabel("Here you go: green eggs and ham!"); } else if (n == JOptionPane.NO_OPTION) { setLabel("OK, just the ham, then."); } else if (n == JOptionPane.CANCEL_OPTION) { setLabel("Well, I'm certainly not going to eat them!"); } else { setLabel("Please tell me what you want!"); } } return; } }); return createPane(simpleDialogDesc + ":", radioButtons, showItButton); } /** * Used by createSimpleDialogBox and createFeatureDialogBox * to create a pane containing a description, a single column * of radio buttons, and the Show it! button. */ private JPanel createPane(String description, JRadioButton[] radioButtons, JButton showButton) { int numChoices = radioButtons.length; JPanel box = new JPanel(); JLabel label = new JLabel(description); box.setLayout(new BoxLayout(box, BoxLayout.PAGE_AXIS)); box.add(label); for (int i = 0; i < numChoices; i++) { box.add(radioButtons[i]); } JPanel pane = new JPanel(new BorderLayout()); pane.add(box, BorderLayout.PAGE_START); pane.add(showButton, BorderLayout.PAGE_END); return pane; } /** * Like createPane, but creates a pane with 2 columns of radio * buttons. The number of buttons passed in *must* be even. */ private JPanel create2ColPane(String description, JRadioButton[] radioButtons, JButton showButton) { JLabel label = new JLabel(description); int numPerColumn = radioButtons.length/2; JPanel grid = new JPanel(new GridLayout(0, 2)); for (int i = 0; i < numPerColumn; i++) { grid.add(radioButtons[i]); grid.add(radioButtons[i + numPerColumn]); } JPanel box = new JPanel(); box.setLayout(new BoxLayout(box, BoxLayout.PAGE_AXIS)); box.add(label); grid.setAlignmentX(0.0f); box.add(grid); JPanel pane = new JPanel(new BorderLayout()); pane.add(box, BorderLayout.PAGE_START); pane.add(showButton, BorderLayout.PAGE_END); return pane; } /* * Creates the panel shown by the 3rd tab. * These dialogs are implemented using showMessageDialog, but * you can specify the icon (using similar code) for any other * kind of dialog, as well. */ private JPanel createIconDialogBox() { JButton showItButton = null; final int numButtons = 6; JRadioButton[] radioButtons = new JRadioButton[numButtons]; final ButtonGroup group = new ButtonGroup(); final String plainCommand = "plain"; final String infoCommand = "info"; final String questionCommand = "question"; final String errorCommand = "error"; final String warningCommand = "warning"; final String customCommand = "custom"; radioButtons[0] = new JRadioButton("Plain (no icon)"); radioButtons[0].setActionCommand(plainCommand); radioButtons[1] = new JRadioButton("Information icon"); radioButtons[1].setActionCommand(infoCommand); radioButtons[2] = new JRadioButton("Question icon"); radioButtons[2].setActionCommand(questionCommand); radioButtons[3] = new JRadioButton("Error icon"); radioButtons[3].setActionCommand(errorCommand); radioButtons[4] = new JRadioButton("Warning icon"); radioButtons[4].setActionCommand(warningCommand); radioButtons[5] = new JRadioButton("Custom icon"); radioButtons[5].setActionCommand(customCommand); for (int i = 0; i < numButtons; i++) { group.add(radioButtons[i]); } radioButtons[0].setSelected(true); showItButton = new JButton("Show it!"); showItButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { String command = group.getSelection().getActionCommand(); //no icon if (command == plainCommand) { JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(frame, "Eggs aren't supposed to be green.", "A plain message", JOptionPane.PLAIN_MESSAGE); //information icon } else if (command == infoCommand) { JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(frame, "Eggs aren't supposed to be green.", "Inane informational dialog", JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE); //XXX: It doesn't make sense to make a question with //XXX: only one button. //XXX: See "Yes/No (but not in those words)" for a better solution. //question icon } else if (command == questionCommand) { JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(frame, "You shouldn't use a message dialog " + "(like this)\n" + "for a question, OK?", "Inane question", JOptionPane.QUESTION_MESSAGE); //error icon } else if (command == errorCommand) { JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(frame, "Eggs aren't supposed to be green.", "Inane error", JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE); //warning icon } else if (command == warningCommand) { JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(frame, "Eggs aren't supposed to be green.", "Inane warning", JOptionPane.WARNING_MESSAGE); //custom icon } else if (command == customCommand) { JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(frame, "Eggs aren't supposed to be green.", "Inane custom dialog", JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE, icon); } } }); return create2ColPane(iconDesc + ":", radioButtons, showItButton); } /** Creates the panel shown by the second tab. */ private JPanel createFeatureDialogBox() { final int numButtons = 5; JRadioButton[] radioButtons = new JRadioButton[numButtons]; final ButtonGroup group = new ButtonGroup(); JButton showItButton = null; final String pickOneCommand = "pickone"; final String textEnteredCommand = "textfield"; final String nonAutoCommand = "nonautooption"; final String customOptionCommand = "customoption"; final String nonModalCommand = "nonmodal"; radioButtons[0] = new JRadioButton("Pick one of several choices"); radioButtons[0].setActionCommand(pickOneCommand); radioButtons[1] = new JRadioButton("Enter some text"); radioButtons[1].setActionCommand(textEnteredCommand); radioButtons[2] = new JRadioButton("Non-auto-closing dialog"); radioButtons[2].setActionCommand(nonAutoCommand); radioButtons[3] = new JRadioButton("Input-validating dialog " + "(with custom message area)"); radioButtons[3].setActionCommand(customOptionCommand); radioButtons[4] = new JRadioButton("Non-modal dialog"); radioButtons[4].setActionCommand(nonModalCommand); for (int i = 0; i < numButtons; i++) { group.add(radioButtons[i]); } radioButtons[0].setSelected(true); showItButton = new JButton("Show it!"); showItButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { String command = group.getSelection().getActionCommand(); //pick one of many if (command == pickOneCommand) { Object[] possibilities = {"ham", "spam", "yam"}; String s = (String)JOptionPane.showInputDialog( frame, "Complete the sentence:\n" + "\"Green eggs and...\"", "Customized Dialog", JOptionPane.PLAIN_MESSAGE, icon, possibilities, "ham"); //If a string was returned, say so. if ((s != null) && (s.length() > 0)) { setLabel("Green eggs and... " + s + "!"); return; } //If you're here, the return value was null/empty. setLabel("Come on, finish the sentence!"); //text input } else if (command == textEnteredCommand) { String s = (String)JOptionPane.showInputDialog( frame, "Complete the sentence:\n" + "\"Green eggs and...\"", "Customized Dialog", JOptionPane.PLAIN_MESSAGE, icon, null, "ham"); //If a string was returned, say so. if ((s != null) && (s.length() > 0)) { setLabel("Green eggs and... " + s + "!"); return; } //If you're here, the return value was null/empty. setLabel("Come on, finish the sentence!"); //non-auto-closing dialog } else if (command == nonAutoCommand) { final JOptionPane optionPane = new JOptionPane( "The only way to close this dialog is by\n" + "pressing one of the following buttons.\n" + "Do you understand?", JOptionPane.QUESTION_MESSAGE, JOptionPane.YES_NO_OPTION); //You can't use pane.createDialog() because that //method sets up the JDialog with a property change //listener that automatically closes the window //when a button is clicked. final JDialog dialog = new JDialog(frame, "Click a button", true); dialog.setContentPane(optionPane); dialog.setDefaultCloseOperation( JDialog.DO_NOTHING_ON_CLOSE); dialog.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() { public void windowClosing(WindowEvent we) { setLabel("Thwarted user attempt to close window."); } }); optionPane.addPropertyChangeListener( new PropertyChangeListener() { public void propertyChange(PropertyChangeEvent e) { String prop = e.getPropertyName(); if (dialog.isVisible() && (e.getSource() == optionPane) && (JOptionPane.VALUE_PROPERTY.equals(prop))) { //If you were going to check something //before closing the window, you'd do //it here. dialog.setVisible(false); } } }); dialog.pack(); dialog.setLocationRelativeTo(frame); dialog.setVisible(true); int value = ((Integer)optionPane.getValue()).intValue(); if (value == JOptionPane.YES_OPTION) { setLabel("Good."); } else if (value == JOptionPane.NO_OPTION) { setLabel("Try using the window decorations " + "to close the non-auto-closing dialog. " + "You can't!"); } else { setLabel("Window unavoidably closed (ESC?)."); } //non-auto-closing dialog with custom message area //NOTE: if you don't intend to check the input, //then just use showInputDialog instead. } else if (command == customOptionCommand) { customDialog.setLocationRelativeTo(frame); customDialog.setVisible(true); String s = customDialog.getValidatedText(); if (s != null) { //The text is valid. setLabel("Congratulations! " + "You entered \"" + s + "\"."); } //non-modal dialog } else if (command == nonModalCommand) { //Create the dialog. final JDialog dialog = new JDialog(frame, "A Non-Modal Dialog"); //Add contents to it. It must have a close button, //since some L&Fs (notably Java/Metal) don't provide one //in the window decorations for dialogs. JLabel label = new JLabel("<html><p align=center>" + "This is a non-modal dialog.<br>" + "You can have one or more of these up<br>" + "and still use the main window."); label.setHorizontalAlignment(JLabel.CENTER); Font font = label.getFont(); label.setFont(label.getFont().deriveFont(font.PLAIN, 14.0f)); JButton closeButton = new JButton("Close"); closeButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { dialog.setVisible(false); dialog.dispose(); } }); JPanel closePanel = new JPanel(); closePanel.setLayout(new BoxLayout(closePanel, BoxLayout.LINE_AXIS)); closePanel.add(Box.createHorizontalGlue()); closePanel.add(closeButton); closePanel.setBorder(BorderFactory. createEmptyBorder(0,0,5,5)); JPanel contentPane = new JPanel(new BorderLayout()); contentPane.add(label, BorderLayout.CENTER); contentPane.add(closePanel, BorderLayout.PAGE_END); contentPane.setOpaque(true); dialog.setContentPane(contentPane); //Show it. dialog.setSize(new Dimension(300, 150)); dialog.setLocationRelativeTo(frame); dialog.setVisible(true); } } }); return createPane(moreDialogDesc + ":", radioButtons, showItButton); } /** * Create the GUI and show it. For thread safety, * this method should be invoked from the * event-dispatching thread. */ private static void createAndShowGUI() { //Create and set up the window. JFrame frame = new JFrame("DialogDemo"); frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); //Create and set up the content pane. DialogDemo newContentPane = new DialogDemo(frame); //newContentPane.setOpaque(true); //content panes must be opaque frame.setContentPane(newContentPane); //Display the window. frame.pack(); frame.setVisible(true); } public static void main(String[] args) { //Schedule a job for the event-dispatching thread: //creating and showing this application's GUI. javax.swing.SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() { public void run() { createAndShowGUI(); } }); } }
主窗體效果
爲了更加直觀地進行展現，下面貼出本程序的全部效果以及關鍵代碼段：
普通對話框
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(frame,
"Eggs aren't supposed to be green.");
YES/NO對話框
int n = JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog( frame, "Would you like green eggs and ham?", "An Inane Question", JOptionPane.YES_NO_OPTION); if (n == JOptionPane.YES_OPTION) { setLabel("Ewww!"); } else if (n == JOptionPane.NO_OPTION) { setLabel("Me neither!"); } else { setLabel("Come on -- tell me!"); }
自定義選項-YES/NO對話框
Object[] options = {"Yes, please", "No way!"};
int n = JOptionPane.showOptionDialog(frame,
"Would you like green eggs and ham?",
"A Silly Question",
JOptionPane.YES_NO_OPTION,
JOptionPane.QUESTION_MESSAGE,
null,
options,
options[0]);
if (n == JOptionPane.YES_OPTION) {
setLabel("You're kidding!");
} else if (n == JOptionPane.NO_OPTION) {
setLabel("I don't like them, either.");
} else {
setLabel("Come on -- 'fess up!");
}
自定義選項-YES/NO/CANCEL對話框
Object[] options = {"Yes, please",
"No, thanks",
"No eggs, no ham!"};
int n = JOptionPane.showOptionDialog(frame,
"Would you like some green eggs to go "
+ "with that ham?",
"A Silly Question",
JOptionPane.YES_NO_CANCEL_OPTION,
JOptionPane.QUESTION_MESSAGE,
null,
options,
options[2]);
if (n == JOptionPane.YES_OPTION) {
setLabel("Here you go: green eggs and ham!");
} else if (n == JOptionPane.NO_OPTION) {
setLabel("OK, just the ham, then.");
} else if (n == JOptionPane.CANCEL_OPTION) {
setLabel("Well, I'm certainly not going to eat them!");
} else {
setLabel("Please tell me what you want!");
}
showInputDialog-下拉菜單
Object[] possibilities = {"ham", "spam", "yam"};
String s = (String)JOptionPane.showInputDialog(
frame,
"Complete the sentence:\n"
+ "\"Green eggs and...\"",
"Customized Dialog",
JOptionPane.PLAIN_MESSAGE,
icon,
possibilities,
"ham");
//If a string was returned, say so.
if ((s != null) && (s.length() > 0)) {
setLabel("Green eggs and... " + s + "!");
return;
}
//If you're here, the return value was null/empty.
setLabel("Come on, finish the sentence!");
showInputDialog-文本域
String s = (String)JOptionPane.showInputDialog( frame, "Complete the sentence:\n" + "\"Green eggs and...\"", "Customized Dialog", JOptionPane.PLAIN_MESSAGE, icon, null, "ham"); //If a string was returned, say so. if ((s != null) && (s.length() > 0)) { setLabel("Green eggs and... " + s + "!"); return; } //If you're here, the return value was null/empty. setLabel("Come on, finish the sentence!");
optionPane-禁止關閉對話框退出
final JOptionPane optionPane = new JOptionPane( "The only way to close this dialog is by\n" + "pressing one of the following buttons.\n" + "Do you understand?", JOptionPane.QUESTION_MESSAGE, JOptionPane.YES_NO_OPTION); //You can't use pane.createDialog() because that //method sets up the JDialog with a property change //listener that automatically closes the window //when a button is clicked. final JDialog dialog = new JDialog(frame, "Click a button", true); dialog.setContentPane(optionPane); dialog.setDefaultCloseOperation( JDialog.DO_NOTHING_ON_CLOSE); dialog.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() { public void windowClosing(WindowEvent we) { setLabel("Thwarted user attempt to close window."); } }); optionPane.addPropertyChangeListener( new PropertyChangeListener() { public void propertyChange(PropertyChangeEvent e) { String prop = e.getPropertyName(); if (dialog.isVisible() && (e.getSource() == optionPane) && (JOptionPane.VALUE_PROPERTY.equals(prop))) { //If you were going to check something //before closing the window, you'd do //it here. dialog.setVisible(false); } } }); dialog.pack(); dialog.setLocationRelativeTo(frame); dialog.setVisible(true); int value = ((Integer)optionPane.getValue()).intValue(); if (value == JOptionPane.YES_OPTION) { setLabel("Good.");
optionPane-校驗用戶輸入
final JOptionPane optionPane = new JOptionPane( "The only way to close this dialog is by\n" + "pressing one of the following buttons.\n" + "Do you understand?", JOptionPane.QUESTION_MESSAGE, JOptionPane.YES_NO_OPTION); //You can't use pane.createDialog() because that //method sets up the JDialog with a property change //listener that automatically closes the window //when a button is clicked. final JDialog dialog = new JDialog(frame, "Click a button", true); dialog.setContentPane(optionPane); dialog.setDefaultCloseOperation( JDialog.DO_NOTHING_ON_CLOSE); dialog.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() { public void windowClosing(WindowEvent we) { setLabel("Thwarted user attempt to close window."); } }); optionPane.addPropertyChangeListener( new PropertyChangeListener() { public void propertyChange(PropertyChangeEvent e) { String prop = e.getPropertyName(); if (dialog.isVisible() && (e.getSource() == optionPane) && (JOptionPane.VALUE_PROPERTY.equals(prop))) { //If you were going to check something //before closing the window, you'd do //it here. dialog.setVisible(false); } } }); dialog.pack(); dialog.setLocationRelativeTo(frame); dialog.setVisible(true); int value = ((Integer)optionPane.getValue()).intValue(); if (value == JOptionPane.YES_OPTION) { setLabel("Good."); } else if (value == JOptionPane.NO_OPTION) { setLabel("Try using the window decorations " + "to close the non-auto-closing dialog. " + "You can't!"); } else { setLabel("Window unavoidably closed (ESC?)."); }
customDialog.setLocationRelativeTo(frame);
customDialog.setVisible(true); String s = customDialog.getValidatedText(); if (s != null) { //The text is valid. setLabel("Congratulations! " + "You entered \"" + s + "\"."); }
optionPane-非模態對話框
final JDialog dialog = new JDialog(frame, "A Non-Modal Dialog"); //Add contents to it. It must have a close button, //since some L&Fs (notably Java/Metal) don't provide one //in the window decorations for dialogs. JLabel label = new JLabel("<html><p align=center>" + "This is a non-modal dialog.<br>" + "You can have one or more of these up<br>" + "and still use the main window."); label.setHorizontalAlignment(JLabel.CENTER); Font font = label.getFont(); label.setFont(label.getFont().deriveFont(font.PLAIN, 14.0f)); JButton closeButton = new JButton("Close"); closeButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { dialog.setVisible(false); dialog.dispose(); } }); JPanel closePanel = new JPanel(); closePanel.setLayout(new BoxLayout(closePanel, BoxLayout.LINE_AXIS)); closePanel.add(Box.createHorizontalGlue()); closePanel.add(closeButton); closePanel.setBorder(BorderFactory. createEmptyBorder(0,0,5,5)); JPanel contentPane = new JPanel(new BorderLayout()); contentPane.add(label, BorderLayout.CENTER); contentPane.add(closePanel, BorderLayout.PAGE_END); contentPane.setOpaque(true); dialog.setContentPane(contentPane); //Show it. dialog.setSize(new Dimension(300, 150)); dialog.setLocationRelativeTo(frame); dialog.setVisible(true);
showMessageDialog-PLAIN_MESSAGE
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(frame, "Eggs aren't supposed to be green.", "A plain message", JOptionPane.PLAIN_MESSAGE);
showMessageDialog-INFORMATION_MESSAGE
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(frame, "Eggs aren't supposed to be green.", "Inane informational dialog", JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE);
showMessageDialog-QUESTION_MESSAGE
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(frame, "You shouldn't use a message dialog " + "(like this)\n" + "for a question, OK?", "Inane question", JOptionPane.QUESTION_MESSAGE);
showMessageDialog-ERROR_MESSAGE
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(frame, "Eggs aren't supposed to be green.", "Inane error", JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE);
showMessageDialog-WARNING_MESSAGE
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(frame, "Eggs aren't supposed to be green.", "Inane warning", JOptionPane.WARNING_MESSAGE);
showMessageDialog-自定義icon
ImageIcon icon = createImageIcon("images/middle.gif");
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(frame, "Eggs aren't supposed to be green.", "Inane custom dialog", JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE, icon);
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