Android系統提供了兩種HTTP通訊類,HttpURLConnection和HttpClient。
關於HttpURLConnection和HttpClient的選擇>>官方博客
儘管Google在大部分安卓版本中推薦使用HttpURLConnection,可是這個類相比HttpClient實在是太難用,太弱爆了。
OkHttp是一個相對成熟的解決方案,聽說Android4.4的源碼中能夠看到HttpURLConnection已經替換成OkHttp實現了。因此咱們更有理由相信OkHttp的強大。html
OkHttp支持Android 2.3及其以上版本。
對於Java, JDK1.7以上。android
官方介紹頁面有連接位置。這裏把下載連接也寫在下面。
OkHttp
Okiogit
OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient(); String run(String url) throws IOException { Request request = new Request.Builder().url(url).build(); Response response = client.newCall(request).execute(); if (response.isSuccessful()) { return response.body().string(); } else { throw new IOException("Unexpected code " + response); } }
Request是OkHttp中訪問的請求,Builder是輔助類。Response即OkHttp中的響應。github
OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient(); String run(String url) throws IOException { Request request = new Request.Builder().url(url).build(); Response response = client.newCall(request).execute(); if (response.isSuccessful()) { return response.body().string(); } else { throw new IOException("Unexpected code " + response); } }
能夠方便的獲取stringapache
public final String string() throws IOException Returns the response as a string decoded with the charset of the Content-Type header. If that header is either absent or lacks a charset, this will attempt to decode the response body as UTF-8. Throws: IOException
固然也能獲取到流的形式:json
public final InputStream byteStream()
使用Request的post方法來提交請求體RequestBody服務器
不少時候咱們會須要經過POST方式把鍵值對數據傳送到服務器。 OkHttp提供了很方便的方式來作這件事情。網絡
OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient(); String post(String url, String json) throws IOException { RequestBody formBody = new FormEncodingBuilder() .add("platform", "android") .add("name", "bug") .add("subject", "XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX") .build(); Request request = new Request.Builder() .url(url) .post(body) .build(); Response response = client.newCall(request).execute(); if (response.isSuccessful()) { return response.body().string(); } else { throw new IOException("Unexpected code " + response); } }
經過上面的例子咱們能夠發現,OkHttp在不少時候使用都是很方便的,並且不少代碼也有重複,所以特意整理了下面的工具類。
注意:異步
import java.io.IOException; import java.util.List; import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit; import org.apache.http.client.utils.URLEncodedUtils; import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair; import cn.wiz.sdk.constant.WizConstant; import com.squareup.okhttp.Callback; import com.squareup.okhttp.OkHttpClient; import com.squareup.okhttp.Request; import com.squareup.okhttp.Response; public class OkHttpUtil { private static final OkHttpClient mOkHttpClient = new OkHttpClient(); static{ mOkHttpClient.setConnectTimeout(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS); } /** * 該不會開啓異步線程。 * @param request * @return * @throws IOException */ public static Response execute(Request request) throws IOException{ return mOkHttpClient.newCall(request).execute(); } /** * 開啓異步線程訪問網絡 * @param request * @param responseCallback */ public static void enqueue(Request request, Callback responseCallback){ mOkHttpClient.newCall(request).enqueue(responseCallback); } /** * 開啓異步線程訪問網絡, 且不在乎返回結果(實現空callback) * @param request */ public static void enqueue(Request request){ mOkHttpClient.newCall(request).enqueue(new Callback() { @Override public void onResponse(Response arg0) throws IOException { } @Override public void onFailure(Request arg0, IOException arg1) { } }); } public static String getStringFromServer(String url) throws IOException{ Request request = new Request.Builder().url(url).build(); Response response = execute(request); if (response.isSuccessful()) { String responseUrl = response.body().string(); return responseUrl; } else { throw new IOException("Unexpected code " + response); } } private static final String CHARSET_NAME = "UTF-8"; /** * 這裏使用了HttpClinet的API。只是爲了方便 * @param params * @return */ public static String formatParams(List<BasicNameValuePair> params){ return URLEncodedUtils.format(params, CHARSET_NAME); } /** * 爲HttpGet 的 url 方便的添加多個name value 參數。 * @param url * @param params * @return */ public static String attachHttpGetParams(String url, List<BasicNameValuePair> params){ return url + "?" + formatParams(params); } /** * 爲HttpGet 的 url 方便的添加1個name value 參數。 * @param url * @param name * @param value * @return */ public static String attachHttpGetParam(String url, String name, String value){ return url + "?" + name + "=" + value; } }
高級屬性其實用的很少,這裏主要是對OkHttp github官方教程進行了翻譯。
請看個人另外一篇博客:OkHttp使用進階 譯自OkHttp Github官方教程