開窗函數指定了分析函數工做的數據窗口大小,這個數據窗口大小可能會隨着行的變化而變化,舉例以下:
1:over後的寫法:
over(order by salary) 按照salary排序進行累計,order by是個默認的開窗函數
over(partition by deptno)按照部門分區html
2:開窗的窗口範圍:
over(order by salary range between 5 preceding and 5 following):窗口範圍爲當前行數據幅度減5加5後的範圍內的。express
舉例:函數
--sum(s)over(order by s range between 2 preceding and 2 following) 表示加2或2的範圍內的求和ui
select name,class,s, sum(s)over(order by s range between 2 preceding and 2 following) mm from t2gf 3 99 1983d
舉例:htm
三、與over函數結合的幾個函數介紹blog
下面以班級成績表t2來講明其應用排序
t2表信息以下:first_value() over()和last_value() over()的使用 ci
--找出這三條電路每條電路的第一條記錄類型和最後一條記錄類型it
注:rows BETWEEN unbounded preceding AND unbounded following 的使用
--取last_value時不使用rows BETWEEN unbounded preceding AND unbounded following的結果
以下圖能夠看到,若是不使用
取出該電路的第一條記錄,加上ignore nulls後,若是第一條是判斷的那個字段是空的,則默認取下一條,結果以下所示:
lead(expresstion,<offset>,<default>)
with a as
(select 1 id,'a' name from dual
union
select 2 id,'b' name from dual
union
select 3 id,'c' name from dual
union
select 4 id,'d' name from dual
union
select 5 id,'e' name from dual
)
select id,name,lead(id,1,'')over(order by name) from a;
--ratio_to_report(a)函數用法 Ratio_to_report() 括號中就是分子,over() 括號中就是分母
with a as (select 1 a from dual
union all
select 1 a from dual
union all
select 1 a from dual
union all
select 2 a from dual
union all
select 3 a from dual
union all
select 4 a from dual
union all
select 4 a from dual
union all
select 5 a from dual
)
select a, ratio_to_report(a)over(partition by a) b from a
order by a;
with a as (select 1 a from dual
union all
select 1 a from dual
union all
select 1 a from dual
union all
select 2 a from dual
union all
select 3 a from dual
union all
select 4 a from dual
union all
select 4 a from dual
union all
select 5 a from dual
)
select a, ratio_to_report(a)over() b from a --分母缺省就是整個佔比
order by a;
with a as (select 1 a from dual
union all
select 1 a from dual
union all
select 1 a from dual
union all
select 2 a from dual
union all
select 3 a from dual
union all
select 4 a from dual
union all
select 4 a from dual
union all
select 5 a from dual
)
select a, ratio_to_report(a)over() b from a
group by a order by a;--分組後的佔比
--轉自:https://www.cnblogs.com/yyhxqx/p/4795296.html