阿里雲RDS XtraBackup備份與binlog增量恢復

本文檔是針對阿里雲RDS的全量備份爲基礎的。阿里雲RDS的物理全量備份是基於備庫的，因此咱們在恢復的時候，須要根據備庫的全量數據加上主庫的binlog來恢復數據。

方案前期準備工做：

1. 本地xtrabackup安裝

2. RDS主庫binlog備份（RDS自己也有備份，可是時間間隔長，數據差別可能大一些）

3. RDS開啓物理備份

方案整體步驟以下：

1. 下載RDS備庫物理備份數據

2. 肯定須要同步的binlog文件

3. 恢復RDS物理備份數據

4. 恢復主庫增量的binlog數據

阿里雲的備份命令：

tool_name = innobackupex
tool_command = --defaults-file=/etc/my3016.cnf --password=... --user=aliyun_root --host=127.0.0.1 --port=3016 --tmpdir=/home/mysql/backup/3016 --rocksdb_checkpoint_path=/mysqldata/backup_tmp/11293269_5067582 --rds-xb-fd-limits=400000 --slave-info --stream=tar /home/mysql/backup/3016

開始對方案進行操做

1、備份，使用阿里的備份就能夠

innobackupex --defaults-file=/export/server/mysql/slave/config/my.cnf --backup --socket=/export/server/mysql/slave/mysql.sock --password=123456 --user=root --host=127.0.0.1 --port=3900 --rds-xb-fd-limits=400000  --slave-info  /export/data/mysql/restore01

2、恢復到一個新數據庫

2.1 準備全量備份

innobackupex --apply-log /export/data/mysql/restore01/2019-04-04_19-42-24/

2.2 恢復到一個新的數據目錄

innobackupex  --defaults-file=/export/server/mysql/restore/config/my.cnf --copy-back --rsync /export/data/mysql/restore01/2019-04-04_19-42-24/

附上my.cnf配置

[client] port = 4000 socket = /export/server/mysql/restore/mysql.sock default-character-set=utf8 [mysql] default-character-set=utf8 [mysqld] server_id = 2 port = 4000 user = mysql character-set-server = utf8mb4 default_storage_engine = innodb log_timestamps = SYSTEM socket = /export/server/mysql/restore/mysql.sock basedir = /export/local/mysql datadir = /export/data/mysql/restore pid-file = /export/server/mysql/restore/mysql.pid max_connections = 10000 max_connect_errors = 10000 table_open_cache = 1024 max_allowed_packet = 128M open_files_limit = 65535 lower_case_table_names = 1 innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1024M innodb_file_per_table = 1 innodb_write_io_threads = 4 innodb_read_io_threads = 4 innodb_purge_threads = 2 innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1 innodb_log_file_size = 512M innodb_log_files_in_group = 2 innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 80 innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 30 innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend slow_query_log = 1 long_query_time = 1 log_error = /export/server/mysql/restore/log/mysql_error.log slow_query_log_file = /export/server/mysql/restore/log/mysql_slow.log transaction-isolation=Read-Committed log-bin = mysql-bin innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1 binlog_ignore_db = mysql lower_case_table_names=1 max_connect_errors=1000

這裏須要手動建立mysql_slow.log、mysql_error.log文件，並賦予mysql:mysql屬主權限：

chown  mysql:mysql  /export/server/mysql/restore chown  mysql:mysql  /export/data/mysql/restore

2.3 啓動數據庫

nohup  /export/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/export/server/mysql/restore/config/my.cnf &

2.4 恢復增量binlog

能夠根據/export/data/mysql/restore01/2019-04-04_19-42-24/目錄下的xtrabackup_slave_info的文件內容，判斷上次備份的路徑

我這裏是：

CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000003', MASTER_LOG_POS=20561581;

2.5 恢復增量binlog數據

mysqlbinlog --start-position=20561581 /export/data/mysql/master/mysql-bin.000003 | /export/local/mysql/bin/mysql  -S /export/server/mysql/restore/mysql.sock  --port=3900 -uroot -p123456