實驗十五 GUI編程練習與應用程序部署

時間 2019-11-10

標籤實驗十五 gui 編程練習應用程序部署简体版

原文原文鏈接

實驗十五 GUI編程練習與應用程序部署java

實驗時間 2018-12-6node

一：理論部分程序員

1.Java 程序的打包：編譯完成後，程序員將.class 文件壓縮打包爲 .jar 文件後，GUI 界面序就能夠直接雙擊圖標運行。 JAR 文件是壓縮的，它使用 ZIP 壓縮格式。web

建立一個包含清單的 JAR 文件，應該運行：jar cf mMyArchive.jar manifest.mf com/ *.class 2.資源：Java 中，應用程序使的類一般須要一些相關數中，應用程序使的類一般須要一些相關數據文件，這些稱爲資源 (Resource) 。 –圖像和聲音文件。 –帶有消息字符串和按鈕標籤的文本件。 –二進制數據文件，如：描述地圖佈局的。編程

2.Eclipse 導出 JAR 文件。數據結構

a.工程沒有引用外部 jar 包時：直接導出。 b.工程沒有引用外部 jar 包時：導出步驟爲： .選中工程 ---- >右鍵，Export--- >Java -- ->JAR file--- >next-- >選擇 jar file的路徑及名稱 -- >next--- >選擇 main class --- >finishapp

3.包密封：要想密封一個包，需將中的全部類放到一個JAR 文件。在默認狀況下， JAR 文件中的包是沒有密封的。 4.應用首選項的存儲：應用程序戶一般期待可以自行對進配置，並可以將其保存起來以便往後再次運行該程序時可以讀取這些配置。通常有兩種方法： a.將配置信息存儲在屬性文件中； b.將配置信息存儲在中心知識庫。dom

5.屬性映射：屬性映射常被用來存放配置信息，是一種存儲鍵 /值對的數據結構。 .屬性映射有三個特徵： a.鍵和值都是字符串； b.鍵/值對易於寫入文件或從讀出；值對易於寫入文件或從讀出； c.用二級表存放默認值。實現屬性映射的 Java 類被稱爲 Properties 。ide

6.Java Web Start:它是一個用 Java 編寫的應用程序，它是 Sun 公司推出的一項在 Internet 上發佈應用程序的技術，經過 Java Web Start 可使一個應用程序很容易地經過 web 部署在各個平臺上，包括 Windows ，Linux ，Solaris。佈局

實驗內容

1、實驗目的與要求

(1) 掌握Java應用程序的打包操做；

(2) 瞭解應用程序存儲配置信息的兩種方法；

(3) 掌握基於JNLP協議的java Web Start應用程序的發佈方法；

(5) 掌握Java GUI 編程技術。

2、實驗內容和步驟

實驗1：導入第13章示例程序，測試程序並進行代碼註釋。

測試程序1

l 在elipse IDE中調試運行教材585頁程序13-1，結合程序運行結果理解程序；

package resource;

import java.awt.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
import java.util.*;
import javax.swing.*;

/**
 * @version 1.41 2015-06-12
 * @author Cay Horstmann
 */
public class ResourceTest
{
   public static void main(String[] args)
   {
      EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
         JFrame frame = new ResourceTestFrame();
         frame.setTitle("ResourceTest");  //設置標題
         frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);//關閉
         frame.setVisible(true);//設置可見性
      });
   }
}

/**
 * A frame that loads image and text resources.
 */
class ResourceTestFrame extends JFrame
{
   private static final int DEFAULT_WIDTH = 300;//設置寬度
   private static final int DEFAULT_HEIGHT = 300;//設置高度

   public ResourceTestFrame()
   {
      setSize(DEFAULT_WIDTH, DEFAULT_HEIGHT);
      URL aboutURL = getClass().getResource("about.gif");//在類內查找about.gif文件
      Image img = new ImageIcon(aboutURL).getImage();
      setIconImage(img);

      JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea();
      InputStream stream = getClass().getResourceAsStream("about.txt");//讀取about.txt文件
      try (Scanner in = new Scanner(stream, "UTF-8"))
      {
         while (in.hasNext())
            textArea.append(in.nextLine() + "\n");
      }
      add(textArea);
   }
}

l 將所生成的JAR文件移到另一個不一樣的目錄中，再運行該歸檔文件，以便確認程序是從JAR文件中，而不是從當前目錄中讀取的資源。

l 掌握建立JAR文件的方法；

測試程序2

l 在elipse IDE中調試運行教材583頁-584程序13-2，結合程序運行結果理解程序；

package properties;

import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.event.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.Properties;

import javax.swing.*;

/**
 * A program to test properties. The program remembers the frame position, size,
 * and title.
 * @version 1.01 2015-06-16
 * @author Cay Horstmann
 */
public class PropertiesTest
{
   public static void main(String[] args)
   {
      EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
         PropertiesFrame frame = new PropertiesFrame();
         frame.setVisible(true);//設置可見
      });
   }
}

/**
 * A frame that restores position and size from a properties file and updates
 * the properties upon exit.
 */
class PropertiesFrame extends JFrame
{
   private static final int DEFAULT_WIDTH = 300;//設置寬度
   private static final int DEFAULT_HEIGHT = 200;//設置高度
   //屬性
   private File propertiesFile;
   private Properties settings;

   public PropertiesFrame()
   {
       
       // 從properties中獲得位置，大小和標題

      String userDir = System.getProperty("user.home");
      File propertiesDir = new File(userDir, ".corejava");
      if (!propertiesDir.exists()) propertiesDir.mkdir();
      propertiesFile = new File(propertiesDir, "program.properties");

      Properties defaultSettings = new Properties();
      defaultSettings.setProperty("left", "0");
      defaultSettings.setProperty("top", "0");
      defaultSettings.setProperty("width", "" + DEFAULT_WIDTH);
      defaultSettings.setProperty("height", "" + DEFAULT_HEIGHT);
      defaultSettings.setProperty("title", "");

      settings = new Properties(defaultSettings);

      if (propertiesFile.exists()) 
         try (InputStream in = new FileInputStream(propertiesFile))
         {         
            settings.load(in);
         }
         catch (IOException ex)
         {
            ex.printStackTrace();
         }

      int left = Integer.parseInt(settings.getProperty("left"));
      int top = Integer.parseInt(settings.getProperty("top"));
      int width = Integer.parseInt(settings.getProperty("width"));
      int height = Integer.parseInt(settings.getProperty("height"));
      setBounds(left, top, width, height);

      // 若是未給定標題，請詢問用戶

      String title = settings.getProperty("title");
      if (title.equals(""))
         title = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("Please supply a frame title:");
      if (title == null) title = "";
      setTitle(title);

      addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter()
      {
         public void windowClosing(WindowEvent event)
         {
            settings.setProperty("left", "" + getX());
            settings.setProperty("top", "" + getY());
            settings.setProperty("width", "" + getWidth());
            settings.setProperty("height", "" + getHeight());
            settings.setProperty("title", getTitle());
            try (OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(propertiesFile))
            {
               settings.store(out, "Program Properties");
            }
            catch (IOException ex)
            {
               ex.printStackTrace();
            }
            System.exit(0);
         }
      });
   }
}

l 瞭解Properties類中經常使用的方法；

測試程序3

l 在elipse IDE中調試運行教材593頁-594程序13-3，結合程序運行結果理解程序；

l 瞭解Preferences類中經常使用的方法；

package preferences;

import java.awt.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.prefs.*;

import javax.swing.*;
import javax.swing.filechooser.*;

/**
 * A program to test preference settings. The program remembers the frame
 * position, size, and title.
 * @version 1.03 2015-06-12
 * @author Cay Horstmann
 */
public class PreferencesTest
{
   public static void main(String[] args)
   {
      EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
         PreferencesFrame frame = new PreferencesFrame();
         frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);//退出
         frame.setVisible(true);//設置可見
      });
   }
}

/**
 * A frame that restores position and size from user preferences and updates the
 * preferences upon exit.
 */
class PreferencesFrame extends JFrame
{
   private static final int DEFAULT_WIDTH = 300;//寬度
   private static final int DEFAULT_HEIGHT = 200;//高度
   private Preferences root = Preferences.userRoot();
   private Preferences node = root.node("/com/horstmann/corejava");

   public PreferencesFrame()
   {
      // 從 preferences獲得位置，大小和標題

      int left = node.getInt("left", 0);
      int top = node.getInt("top", 0);
      int width = node.getInt("width", DEFAULT_WIDTH);
      int height = node.getInt("height", DEFAULT_HEIGHT);
      setBounds(left, top, width, height);

      // 若是沒有標題，請詢問用戶

      String title = node.get("title", "");
      if (title.equals(""))
         title = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("Please supply a frame title:");
      if (title == null) title = "";
      setTitle(title);

      // 設置顯示XML文件的文件選擇器
      final JFileChooser chooser = new JFileChooser();
      chooser.setCurrentDirectory(new File("."));
      chooser.setFileFilter(new FileNameExtensionFilter("XML files", "xml"));

      // 設置菜單

      JMenuBar menuBar = new JMenuBar();
      setJMenuBar(menuBar);
      JMenu menu = new JMenu("File");
      menuBar.add(menu);

      JMenuItem exportItem = new JMenuItem("Export preferences");
      menu.add(exportItem);
      exportItem
            .addActionListener(event -> {
               if (chooser.showSaveDialog(PreferencesFrame.this) == JFileChooser.APPROVE_OPTION)
               {
                  try
                  {
                     savePreferences();
                     OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(chooser
                           .getSelectedFile());
                     node.exportSubtree(out);
                     out.close();
                  }
                  catch (Exception e)
                  {
                     e.printStackTrace();
                  }
               }
            });

      JMenuItem importItem = new JMenuItem("Import preferences");
      menu.add(importItem);
      importItem
            .addActionListener(event -> {
               if (chooser.showOpenDialog(PreferencesFrame.this) == JFileChooser.APPROVE_OPTION)
               {
                  try
                  {
                     InputStream in = new FileInputStream(chooser
                           .getSelectedFile());
                     Preferences.importPreferences(in);
                     in.close();
                  }
                  catch (Exception e)
                  {
                     e.printStackTrace();
                  }
               }
            });

      JMenuItem exitItem = new JMenuItem("Exit");
      menu.add(exitItem);
      exitItem.addActionListener(event -> {
         savePreferences();
         System.exit(0);
      });
   }
   
   public void savePreferences() 
   {
      node.putInt("left", getX());
      node.putInt("top", getY());
      node.putInt("width", getWidth());
      node.putInt("height", getHeight());
      node.put("title", getTitle());      
   }
}

preferences;

測試程序4

l 在elipse IDE中調試運行教材619頁-622程序13-6，結合程序運行結果理解程序；

l 掌握基於JNLP協議的java Web Start應用程序的發佈方法。

Calculator

package webstart;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;

import javax.jnlp.BasicService;
import javax.jnlp.FileContents;
import javax.jnlp.FileOpenService;
import javax.jnlp.FileSaveService;
import javax.jnlp.PersistenceService;
import javax.jnlp.ServiceManager;
import javax.jnlp.UnavailableServiceException;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JMenu;
import javax.swing.JMenuBar;
import javax.swing.JMenuItem;
import javax.swing.JOptionPane;

/**
 * A frame with a calculator panel and a menu to load and save the calculator history.
 */
public class CalculatorFrame extends JFrame
{
   private CalculatorPanel panel;

   public CalculatorFrame()
   {
      setTitle();
      panel = new CalculatorPanel();
      add(panel);

      JMenu fileMenu = new JMenu("File");
      JMenuBar menuBar = new JMenuBar();
      menuBar.add(fileMenu);
      setJMenuBar(menuBar);

      JMenuItem openItem = fileMenu.add("Open");
      openItem.addActionListener(event -> open());
      JMenuItem saveItem = fileMenu.add("Save");
      saveItem.addActionListener(event -> save());
      
      pack();
   }

   /**
    * Gets the title from the persistent store or asks the user for the title if there is no prior
    * entry.
    */
   public void setTitle()
   {
      try
      {
         String title = null;

         BasicService basic = (BasicService) ServiceManager.lookup("javax.jnlp.BasicService");
         URL codeBase = basic.getCodeBase();

         PersistenceService service = (PersistenceService) ServiceManager
               .lookup("javax.jnlp.PersistenceService");
         URL key = new URL(codeBase, "title");

         try
         {
            FileContents contents = service.get(key);
            InputStream in = contents.getInputStream();
            BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));
            title = reader.readLine();
         }
         catch (FileNotFoundException e)
         {
            title = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("Please supply a frame title:");
            if (title == null) return;

            service.create(key, 100);
            FileContents contents = service.get(key);
            OutputStream out = contents.getOutputStream(true);
            PrintStream printOut = new PrintStream(out);
            printOut.print(title);
         }
         setTitle(title);
      }
      catch (UnavailableServiceException | IOException e)
      {
         JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, e);
      }
   }

   /**
    * Opens a history file and updates the display.
    */
   public void open()
   {
      try
      {
         FileOpenService service = (FileOpenService) ServiceManager
               .lookup("javax.jnlp.FileOpenService");
         FileContents contents = service.openFileDialog(".", new String[] { "txt" });

         JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, contents.getName());
         if (contents != null)
         {
            InputStream in = contents.getInputStream();
            BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));
            String line;
            while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null)
            {
               panel.append(line);
               panel.append("\n");
            }
         }
      }
      catch (UnavailableServiceException e)
      {
         JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, e);
      }
      catch (IOException e)
      {
         JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, e);
      }
   }

   /**
    * Saves the calculator history to a file.
    */
   public void save()
   {
      try
      {
         ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
         PrintStream printOut = new PrintStream(out);
         printOut.print(panel.getText());
         InputStream data = new ByteArrayInputStream(out.toByteArray());
         FileSaveService service = (FileSaveService) ServiceManager
               .lookup("javax.jnlp.FileSaveService");
         service.saveFileDialog(".", new String[] { "txt" }, data, "calc.txt");
      }
      catch (UnavailableServiceException e)
      {
         JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, e);
      }
      catch (IOException e)
      {
         JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, e);
      }
   }
}

CalculatorFrame

package webstart;

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.GridLayout;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JScrollPane;
import javax.swing.JTextArea;
import javax.swing.text.BadLocationException;

/**
   A panel with calculator buttons and a result display.
*/
public class CalculatorPanel extends JPanel
{  
   private JTextArea display;
   private JPanel panel;
   private double result;
   private String lastCommand;
   private boolean start;

   /**
      Lays out the panel.
   */
   public CalculatorPanel()
   {  
      setLayout(new BorderLayout());

      result = 0;
      lastCommand = "=";
      start = true;
      
      // add the display

      display = new JTextArea(10, 20);

      add(new JScrollPane(display), BorderLayout.NORTH);
      
      ActionListener insert = new InsertAction();
      ActionListener command = new CommandAction();

      // add the buttons in a 4 x 4 grid

      panel = new JPanel();
      panel.setLayout(new GridLayout(4, 4));

      addButton("7", insert);
      addButton("8", insert);
      addButton("9", insert);
      addButton("/", command);

      addButton("4", insert);
      addButton("5", insert);
      addButton("6", insert);
      addButton("*", command);

      addButton("1", insert);
      addButton("2", insert);
      addButton("3", insert);
      addButton("-", command);

      addButton("0", insert);
      addButton(".", insert);
      addButton("=", command);
      addButton("+", command);

      add(panel, BorderLayout.CENTER);
   }

   /**
      Gets the history text.
      @return the calculator history
   */
   public String getText()
   {
      return display.getText();
   }
   
   /**
      Appends a string to the history text.
      @param s the string to append
   */
   public void append(String s)
   {
      display.append(s);
   }

   /**
      Adds a button to the center panel.
      @param label the button label
      @param listener the button listener
   */
   private void addButton(String label, ActionListener listener)
   {  
      JButton button = new JButton(label);
      button.addActionListener(listener);
      panel.add(button);
   }

   /**
      This action inserts the button action string to the
      end of the display text.
   */
   private class InsertAction implements ActionListener
   {
      public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
      {
         String input = event.getActionCommand();
         start = false;
         display.append(input);
      }
   }

   /**
      This action executes the command that the button
      action string denotes.
   */
   private class CommandAction implements ActionListener
   {
      public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
      {  
         String command = event.getActionCommand();

         if (start)
         {  
            if (command.equals("-")) 
            { 
               display.append(command); 
               start = false; 
            }
            else 
               lastCommand = command;
         }
         else
         {  
            try
            {
               int lines = display.getLineCount();
               int lineStart = display.getLineStartOffset(lines - 1);
               int lineEnd = display.getLineEndOffset(lines - 1);
               String value = display.getText(lineStart, lineEnd - lineStart);
               display.append(" ");
               display.append(command); 
               calculate(Double.parseDouble(value));
               if (command.equals("="))
                  display.append("\n" + result);
               lastCommand = command;
               display.append("\n");
               start = true;
            }
            catch (BadLocationException e)
            {
               e.printStackTrace();
            }
         }
      }
   }

   /**
      Carries out the pending calculation. 
      @param x the value to be accumulated with the prior result.
   */
   public void calculate(double x)
   {
      if (lastCommand.equals("+")) result += x;
      else if (lastCommand.equals("-")) result -= x;
      else if (lastCommand.equals("*")) result *= x;
      else if (lastCommand.equals("/")) result /= x;
      else if (lastCommand.equals("=")) result = x;
   }  
}

CalculatorPanel

實驗2：GUI綜合編程練習

按實驗十四分組名單，組內討論完成如下編程任務：

練習1：採用GUI界面設計如下程序，並進行部署與發佈：

l 編制一個程序，將身份證號.txt 中的信息讀入到內存中；

l 按姓名字典序輸出人員信息；

l 查詢最大年齡的人員信息；

l 查詢最小年齡人員信息；

l 輸入你的年齡，查詢身份證號.txt中年齡與你最近人的姓名、身份證號、年齡、性別和出生地；

l 查詢人員中是否有你的同鄉。

l 輸入身份證信息，查詢所提供身份證號的人員信息，要求輸入一個身份證數字時，查詢界面就顯示知足查詢條件的查詢結果，且隨着輸入的數字的增多，查詢匹配的範圍逐漸縮小。

輸入7

輸入72

輸入720

總界面以下

代碼以下

package xinxi;

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.Timer;
import javax.swing.*;

public class Main extends JFrame
{
    private static ArrayList<Person> Personlist;
    
    
    Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
    File file = new File("F:\\身份證號.txt");
    
    private JPanel Panel;
    private JLabel JLabel;
    private JButton Button1,Button2,Button3;
    private JTextArea text,text1,text2,text3;
    boolean tru=true;
    
    
    
    public  Main() {

        Panel = new JPanel();
        Panel.setLayout(null);
        Button1 = new JButton("1:按姓名字典序輸出人員信息");
        Button2 = new JButton("2:查詢最大年齡與最小年齡人員信息");
        Button3 = new JButton("查詢相近年齡");
        JLabel = new JLabel("輸入身份證號或者地址查詢");
        JLabel.setBounds(750, 50, 400, 30);
        
        text=new JTextArea(30,80);
        text.setBounds(50, 180, 650, 700);
        text1=new JTextArea(1,30);
        text1.setBounds(750, 100, 300, 40);
        text2=new JTextArea(30,80);
        text2.setBounds(750,180,700, 800);
        text3=new JTextArea(30,80);
        text3.setBounds(400,100,300,40);
       
        Button1.addActionListener(new Action());
        Button1.setBounds(50,50,300,40);
        Button2.addActionListener(new Action1());
        Button2.setBounds(400,50,300,40);
        Button3.addActionListener(new Action2());
        Button3.setBounds(50,100,300,40);
        Panel.add(JLabel);
        Panel.add(Button1);
        Panel.add(Button2);
        Panel.add(Button3);
        Panel.add(text);
        Panel.add(text1);
        Panel.add(text2);
        Panel.add(text3);
        add(Panel);
        
        
        Timer timer = new Timer();      
        TimerTask timeTask=new TimerTask() {
            
             @Override
            public void run()
             {             
                     // TODO Auto-generated method stub
                     text2.setText(null);
                     String place=text1.getText().toString().trim();
                     //查詢同鄉
                     for (int i = 0; i <Personlist.size(); i++) 
                     {
                         
                         String Str=(String)Personlist.get(i).getbirthplace();
                         if(Str.contains(place)&&!place.equals("")) 
                             {
                             text2.append(Personlist.get(i).toString());
                             }  
                    }  
                    //查詢身份證號碼 
                     for (int i = 0; i <Personlist.size(); i++) 
                     {
                         
                         String Str=(String)Personlist.get(i).getID();
                         if(Str.contains(place)&&!place.equals("")) 
                             {
                             text2.append(Personlist.get(i).toString());
                             }  
                    }  
                     
            }
             
        };timer.schedule(timeTask, 0,100);
     
        Personlist = new ArrayList<>();       
        try {
            FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(file);
            BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(fis));
            String temp = null;
            while ((temp = in.readLine()) != null) {            
                Scanner linescanner = new Scanner(temp);               
                linescanner.useDelimiter(" ");    
                String name = linescanner.next();
                String ID = linescanner.next();
                String sex = linescanner.next();
                String age = linescanner.next();
                String place =linescanner.nextLine();
                Person Person = new Person();
                Person.setname(name);
                Person.setID(ID);
                Person.setsex(sex);
                int a = Integer.parseInt(age);
                Person.setage(a);
                Person.setbirthplace(place);
                Personlist.add(Person);

            }
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            System.out.println("查找不到信息");
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            System.out.println("信息讀取有誤");
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
 
        
    }
    
    

    //排序
    private class Action implements ActionListener
    {
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
        {        
         text.setText(null);
         Collections.sort(Personlist);
         text.append(Personlist.toString());
        }

    }         
     //查詢最大年齡和最小年齡
    private class Action1 implements ActionListener
        {
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
            {        
            text.setText(null);
            int max=0,min=100;int j,k1 = 0,k2=0;
            for(int i=1;i<Personlist.size();i++)
            {
                j=Personlist.get(i).getage();
               if(j>max)
               {
                   max=j; 
                   k1=i;
               }
               if(j<min)
               {
                   min=j; 
                   k2=i;
               }
            }  
            text.append("最大年齡：   "+Personlist.get(k1)+"\n"+"最小年齡：  "+Personlist.get(k2));     
            }
   
        }          
    //查找相近年齡
    private class Action2 implements ActionListener
    {
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
        {        
         text.setText(null);
         int a = Integer.parseInt(text3.getText().toString().trim());         
         int d_value=a-Personlist.get(agenear(a)).getage();
         
         for (int i = 0; i < Personlist.size(); i++)
         {
             int p=Personlist.get(i).getage()-a;
            
             if(p==d_value||-p==d_value) text.append(Personlist.get(i).toString());
         } 
        }

    } 
    
  
    public static int agenear(int age) {
        
        int j=0,min=53,d_value=0,k=0;
         for (int i = 0; i < Personlist.size(); i++)
         {
             d_value=Personlist.get(i).getage()-age;
             if(d_value<0) d_value=-d_value; 
             if (d_value<min) 
             {
                min=d_value;
                k=i;
             }

          }    return k;
         
      }

}

Main

package xinxi;

import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.Toolkit;

import javax.swing.JFrame;

public class out {

     public static void main (String args[])
        {
             Toolkit t=Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit();
            Dimension s=t.getScreenSize(); 
            EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
                JFrame frame = new Main();
                frame.setBounds(0, 0,(int)s.getWidth(),(int)s.getHeight());
                frame.setTitle("xinxi");
                frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
                frame.setVisible(true);
             });        
        }
 
}

out

package xinxi;

public class Person implements Comparable<Person> {
private String name;
private String ID;
private int age;
private String sex;
private String birthplace;

public String getname() 
{
    return name;
}
public void setname(String name) 
{
    this.name = name;
}
public String getID() 
{
    return ID;
}
public void setID(String ID) 
{
    this.ID= ID;
}
public int getage()
{
    return age;
}
public void setage(int age) 
{
    this.age= age;
}
public String getsex()
{
    return sex;
}
public void setsex(String sex)
{
    this.sex= sex;
}
public String getbirthplace() 
{
    return birthplace;
}
public void setbirthplace(String birthplace)
{
    this.birthplace= birthplace;
}

public int compareTo(Person o) 
{
   return this.name.compareTo(o.getname());
}

public String toString() 
{
    return  name+"\t"+sex+"\t"+age+"\t"+ID+"\t"+birthplace+"\n";

}
}

Person

練習2：採用GUI界面設計如下程序，並進行部署與發佈

l 編寫一個計算器類，能夠完成加、減、乘、除的操做

l 利用計算機類，設計一個小學生100之內數的四則運算練習程序，由計算機隨機產生10道加減乘除練習題，學生輸入答案，由程序檢查答案是否正確，每道題正確計10分，錯誤不計分，10道題測試結束後給出測試總分；

l 將程序中測試練習題及學生答題結果輸出到文件，文件名爲test.txt。

package jisuan;

import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JTextArea;

public class Jisuan extends JFrame {
    
    private String[] c=new String[10];
    private String[] c1=new String[10];
    private int[] list=new int[10];
    int i=0,i1=0,sum = 0;
    private PrintWriter out = null;
    private JTextArea text,text1;
    private int counter;
    
    public Jisuan()  {
        JPanel Panel = new JPanel();Panel.setLayout(null);
        JLabel JLabel1=new JLabel("");JLabel1.setBounds(500, 800, 400, 30);JLabel1.setFont(new Font("Courier",Font.PLAIN,35));
        JButton Button = new JButton("生成題目");Button.setBounds(50,150,150,50);Button.setFont(new Font("Courier",Font.PLAIN,20)); Button.addActionListener(new Action());
        JButton Button2 = new JButton("肯定答案");Button2.setBounds(300,150,150,50);Button2.setFont(new Font("Courier",Font.PLAIN,20));Button2.addActionListener(new Action1());
        JButton Button3 = new JButton("讀出文件");Button3.setBounds(500,150,150,50);Button3.setFont(new Font("Courier",Font.PLAIN,20));Button3.addActionListener(new Action2());
         text=new JTextArea(30,80);text.setBounds(30, 50, 200, 50);text.setFont(new Font("Courier",Font.PLAIN,35));
         text1=new JTextArea(30,80);text1.setBounds(270, 50, 200, 50);text1.setFont(new Font("Courier",Font.PLAIN,35));

         Panel.add(text);
         Panel.add(text1);

         Panel.add(Button);
         Panel.add(Button2);
         Panel.add(Button3);
         Panel.add(JLabel1);
         add(Panel);
         
         
         


           
                  
    }
    
    private class Action implements ActionListener
    {
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
        {        
        text1.setText("0");
        if(i<10) {
        
        int a = 1+(int)(Math.random() * 99);
        int b = 1+(int)(Math.random() * 99);
        int m= (int) Math.round(Math.random() * 3);
      switch(m)
      {
      case 0:
          while(a<b){  b = (int) Math.round(Math.random() * 100);a = (int) Math.round(Math.random() * 100); }  
          c[i]=(i+":"+a+"/"+b+"=");
            list[i]=Math.floorDiv(a, b);
            text.setText(i+":"+a+"/"+b+"=");
            i++;
            
          break; 
      case 1:
          c[i]=(i+":"+a+"*"+b+"=");
          list[i]=Math.multiplyExact(a, b);
          text.setText(i+":"+a+"*"+b+"=");        
         i++;
          break;
      case 2:
          c[i]=(i+":"+a+"+"+b+"=");
          list[i]=Math.addExact(a, b);
         text.setText(i+":"+a+"+"+b+"=");
         i++;
          break ;
      case 3:
          while(a<=b){  b = (int) Math.round(Math.random() * 100);a = (int) Math.round(Math.random() * 100); }    
          c[i]=(i+":"+a+"-"+b+"=");
          text.setText(i+":"+a+"-"+b+"=");
          list[i]=Math.subtractExact(a, b);i++;

          break ;
          }
        }
      }
    }      
    private class Action1 implements ActionListener
    {
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
        {    
        if(i<10) {
        text.setText(null);        
        String daan=text1.getText().toString().trim();
        int a = Integer.parseInt(daan);
        if(text1.getText()!="") {
         if(list[i1]==a) sum+=10;
         }
        
         c1[i1]=daan;
         
         i1++;
         
        }
        }

    }      
    

    private class Action2 implements ActionListener
    {
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
        {
         
        try {
            out = new PrintWriter("text.txt");
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        for(int counter=0;counter<10;counter++)
        {
            out.println(c[counter]+c1[counter]);
        }
        out.println("成績"+sum);
        out.close();

        }

    }   
}

Jisuan

package jisuan;

import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.Toolkit;

import javax.swing.JFrame;

public class math {

     public static void main (String args[])
        {
             Toolkit t=Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit();
            Dimension s=t.getScreenSize(); 
            EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
                JFrame frame = new Jisuan();
                frame.setBounds(0, 0,(int)s.getWidth()/2,(int)s.getHeight()/2);
                frame.setTitle("produce by 楊野");
                frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
                frame.setVisible(true);
             });        
        }
 
}