3 項目開發 - 數據庫

1 環境安裝

• 新建虛擬環境：mkvirtualenv mxonline

• 查看已安裝：pip list

• django安裝：pip install django==1.9

• django離線安裝：下載個django壓縮包，workon XX 進入虛擬環境，進入解壓包執行 python setup.py install

• 安裝mysql驅動：pip install MySQL_python-1.2.5-cp27-none-win_amd64.whl

2 新建項目

• 虛擬環境位置 C:\Users\Aaron\Envs\mxonline\Scripts\python.exe

•  數據庫設置

1 DATABASES = {
2     'default': {
3         'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
4         'NAME': 'XX',
5         'USER': 'root',
6         'PASSWORD': '',
7         'HOST': '127.0.0.1'
8     }
9 }

• 新建數據庫

• 生成django默認表

1. 首先執行：Tools > Run manage.py Task 

2. makemigrations

3. migrate

•  啓動服務並訪問

 3 新建APP

• 新建app

1. 首先執行：Tools > Run manage.py Task 

2. startapp users

• 編寫users的models

 

 1 #_*_ encoding:utf-8 _*_
 2 from __future__ import unicode_literals
 3 from datetime import datetime
 4 
 5 from django.db import models
 6 from django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractUser
 7 
 8 
 9 class UserProfile(AbstractUser):
10     nick_name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u'暱稱', default='')
11     birday = models.DateField(verbose_name=u'生日', null=True, blank=True)
12     gender = models.CharField(max_length=6, choices=(('male', u'男'), ('female', u'女')), default='female')
13     address = models.CharField(max_length=100, default=u'')
14     mobile = models.CharField(max_length=11, null=True, blank=True)
15     image = models.ImageField(upload_to='image/%Y/%m', default=u'image/default.png', max_length=100)
16 
17     class Meta:
18         verbose_name = u'用戶信息'
19         verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
20 
21     def __unicode__(self):
22         return self.username
23 
24 
25 class EmailVerifyRecord(models.Model):
26     code = models.CharField(max_length=20, verbose_name=u'驗證碼')
27     email = models.EmailField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u'郵箱')
28     send_type = models.CharField(max_length=10, choices=(('register', u'註冊'), ('forget', u'忘記密碼')))
29     send_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now)
30 
31     class Meta:
32         verbose_name = u'郵箱驗證碼'
33         verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
34 
35 
36 class Banner(models.Model):
37     title = models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name=u'標題')
38     image = models.ImageField(max_length=100, upload_to='banner/%Y/%m', verbose_name=u'輪播圖')
39     url = models.URLField(max_length=200, verbose_name=u'訪問地址')
40     index = models.IntegerField(default=100, verbose_name=u'順序')
41     add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u'添加時間')
42 
43     class Meta:
44         verbose_name = u'輪播圖'
45         verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

 

• 註冊app

1 INSTALLED_APPS = [
2     'django.contrib.admin',
3     'django.contrib.auth',
4     'django.contrib.contenttypes',
5     'django.contrib.sessions',
6     'django.contrib.messages',
7     'django.contrib.staticfiles',
8     'users'
9 ]

• 重載一個setting的方法

 1 AUTH_USER_MODEL = 'users.UserProfile' 

• 安裝Pillow

1. 錯誤信息：users.UserProfile.image: (fields.E210) Cannot use ImageField because Pillow is not installed.

2. 安裝：pip install Pillow

• 生成users app的表

1. 首先執行：Tools > Run manage.py Task 

2. makemigrations users

3. migrate users

• 新建app

1. 首先執行：Tools > Run manage.py Task 

2. startapp courses

• 編寫courses的models

 1 #_*_ encoding:utf-8 _*_
 2 from __future__ import unicode_literals
 3 from datetime import datetime
 4 
 5 from django.db import models
 6 
 7 
 8 class Course(models.Model):
 9     name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u'課程名稱')
10     desc = models.CharField(max_length=300, verbose_name=u'課程描述')
11     detail = models.TextField(verbose_name=u'課程詳情')
12     degree = models.CharField(max_length=2, choices=(('cj','初級'), ('zj','中級'), ('gj','高級')))
13     learn_times = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u'學習時長(分鐘)')
14     students = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u'學習人數')
15     fav_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u'收藏人數')
16     image = models.ImageField(max_length=100, upload_to='courses/%Y/%m', verbose_name=u'封面圖')
17     click_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u'點擊數')
18     add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u'添加時間')
19 
20     class Meta:
21         verbose_name = u'課程'
22         verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
23 
24 
25 class Lesson(models.Model):
26     course = models.ForeignKey(Course, verbose_name=u'課程')
27     name = models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name=u'章節名')
28     add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u'添加時間')
29 
30     class Meta:
31         verbose_name = u'章節'
32         verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
33 
34 
35 class Video(models.Model):
36     lesson = models.ForeignKey(Course, verbose_name=u'章節')
37     name = models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name=u'視頻名')
38     add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u'添加時間')
39 
40     class Meta:
41         verbose_name = u'視頻'
42         verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
43 
44 
45 class CourseResource(models.Model):
46     course = models.ForeignKey(Course, verbose_name=u'課程')
47     name = models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name=u'資源名稱')
48     download = models.FileField(max_length=100, upload_to='course/resource/%Y/%m', verbose_name=u'資源文件')
49     add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u'添加時間')
50 
51     class Meta:
52         verbose_name = u'課程資源'
53         verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

• 新建app

1. 首先執行：Tools > Run manage.py Task 

2. startapp organization

• 編寫organization的models

 1 #_*_ encoding:utf-8 _*_
 2 from __future__ import unicode_literals
 3 from datetime import datetime
 4 
 5 from django.db import models
 6 
 7 
 8 class CityDict(models.Model):
 9     name = models.CharField(max_length=20, verbose_name=u'城市')
10     desc = models.CharField(max_length=200, verbose_name=u'描述')
11     add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now)
12 
13     class Meta:
14         verbose_name = u'城市'
15         verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
16 
17 
18 class CourseOrg(models.Model):
19     name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u'機構名稱')
20     desc = models.TextField(verbose_name=u'機構描述')
21     click_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u'點擊數')
22     fav_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u'收藏數')
23     image = models.ImageField(upload_to='org/%Y/%m', verbose_name=u'封面圖片')
24     address = models.CharField(max_length=150, verbose_name=u'機構地址')
25     city = models.ForeignKey(CityDict, verbose_name=u'所在城市')
26     add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now)
27 
28     class Meta:
29         verbose_name = u'課程機構'
30         verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
31 
32 
33 class Teacher(models.Model):
34     org = models.ForeignKey(CourseOrg, verbose_name=u'所屬機構')
35     name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u'教師名')
36     work_years = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u'工做年限')
37     work_company = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u'就任公司')
38     points = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u'教學特色')
39     click_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u'點擊數')
40     fav_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u'收藏數')
41     add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now)
42 
43     class Meta:
44         verbose_name = u'教師'
45         verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

• 新建app

1. 首先執行：Tools > Run manage.py Task 

2. startapp operation

• 編寫operation的models

 1 #_*_ encoding:utf-8 _*_
 2 from __future__ import unicode_literals
 3 from datetime import datetime
 4 
 5 from django.db import models
 6 
 7 from users.models import UserProfile
 8 from courses.models import Course
 9 
10 
11 class UserAsk(models.Model):
12     name = models.CharField(max_length=20, verbose_name=u'姓名')
13     mobile = models.CharField(max_length=11, verbose_name=u'手機')
14     course_name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u'課程名')
15     add_time = models.DateTimeField(datetime.now, verbose_name=u'添加時間')
16 
17     class Meta:
18         verbose_name = u'用戶諮詢'
19         verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
20 
21 
22 class CourseComments(models.Model):
23     user = models.ForeignKey(UserProfile, verbose_name=u'用戶')
24     course = models.ForeignKey(Course, verbose_name=u'課程')
25     comments = models.CharField(max_length=200, verbose_name=u'評論')
26     add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u'添加時間')
27 
28     class Meta:
29         verbose_name =u'課程評論'
30         verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
31 
32 
33 class UserFavorite(models.Model):
34     user = models.ForeignKey(UserProfile, verbose_name=u'用戶')
35     fav_id = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u'數據id')
36     fav_type = models.IntegerField(default=0, choices=((1,'課程'), (2,'課程機構'), (3,'講師')), verbose_name=u'收藏類型')
37     add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u'添加時間')
38 
39     class Meta:
40         verbose_name =u'用戶收藏'
41         verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
42 
43 
44 class UserMessage(models.Model):
45     user = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u'接收用戶')
46     messae = models.CharField(max_length=500, verbose_name=u'消息內容')
47     has_read = models.BooleanField(default=False, verbose_name=u'是否已讀')
48     add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u'添加時間')
49 
50     class Meta:
51         verbose_name =u'用戶消息'
52         verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
53 
54 
55 class UserCourse(models.Model):
56     user = models.ForeignKey(UserProfile, verbose_name=u'用戶')
57     course = models.ForeignKey(Course, verbose_name=u'課程')
58     add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u'添加時間')
59 
60     class Meta:
61         verbose_name =u'用戶課程'
62         verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

• 註冊app

 1 INSTALLED_APPS = [
 2     'django.contrib.admin',
 3     'django.contrib.auth',
 4     'django.contrib.contenttypes',
 5     'django.contrib.sessions',
 6     'django.contrib.messages',
 7     'django.contrib.staticfiles',
 8     'users',
 9     'course',
10     'organization',
11     'operation'
12 ]

•  生成數據表

1. 執行命令：makemigrations

2. 執行命令：migrate

4 合併APPS

• 新建apps

　　　　新建python package，名爲apps 

• Mark Directory as > Source Root

• 配置setting文件，把apps文件夾加入到python的搜索路徑下

1 import os
2 import sys
3 # Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
4 BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
5 sys.path.insert(0, os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'apps'))