android httpClient 支持HTTPS的訪問方式

項目中Android https請求地址遇到了這個異常(無終端認證):
 javax.net.ssl.SSLPeerUnverifiedException: No peer certificatejava

是SSL協議中沒有終端認證。android

沒有遇到過的問題,因而無奈的去找度娘。。。。。。。web

看了很多大神的博客後獲得的解決方案以下:算法

    /**
     * Post請求鏈接Https服務
     * @param serverURL  請求地址
     * @param jsonStr    請求報文
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static synchronized String doHttpsPost(String serverURL, String jsonStr)throws Exception {
        // 參數
        HttpParams httpParameters = new BasicHttpParams();
        // 設置鏈接超時
        HttpConnectionParams.setConnectionTimeout(httpParameters, 3000);
        // 設置socket超時
        HttpConnectionParams.setSoTimeout(httpParameters, 3000);
        // 獲取HttpClient對象 (認證)
        HttpClient hc = initHttpClient(httpParameters);
        HttpPost post = new HttpPost(serverURL);
        // 發送數據類型
        post.addHeader("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=utf-8");
        // 接受數據類型
        post.addHeader("Accept", "application/json");
        // 請求報文
        StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(jsonStr, "UTF-8");
        post.setEntity(entity);
        post.setParams(httpParameters);
        HttpResponse response = null;
        try {
            response = hc.execute(post);
        } catch (UnknownHostException e) {
            throw new Exception("Unable to access " + e.getLocalizedMessage());
        } catch (SocketException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        int sCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
        if (sCode == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
            return EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity());
        } else
            throw new Exception("StatusCode is " + sCode);
    }

    private static HttpClient client = null;
    /**
     * 初始化HttpClient對象
     * @param params
     * @return
     */
    public static synchronized HttpClient initHttpClient(HttpParams params) {
        if(client == null){
            try {
                KeyStore trustStore = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType());
                trustStore.load(null, null);
                
                SSLSocketFactory sf = new SSLSocketFactoryImp(trustStore);
                //容許全部主機的驗證
                sf.setHostnameVerifier(SSLSocketFactory.ALLOW_ALL_HOSTNAME_VERIFIER);
                
                HttpProtocolParams.setVersion(params, HttpVersion.HTTP_1_1);
                HttpProtocolParams.setContentCharset(params, HTTP.UTF_8);
                // 設置http和https支持
                SchemeRegistry registry = new SchemeRegistry();
                registry.register(new Scheme("http", PlainSocketFactory.getSocketFactory(), 80));
                registry.register(new Scheme("https", sf, 443));
                
                ClientConnectionManager ccm = new ThreadSafeClientConnManager(params, registry);
                
                return new DefaultHttpClient(ccm, params);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
                return new DefaultHttpClient(params);
            }
        }
        return client;
    }

   public static class SSLSocketFactoryImp extends SSLSocketFactory {
        final SSLContext sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");

        public SSLSocketFactoryImp(KeyStore truststore)
                throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, KeyManagementException,
                KeyStoreException, UnrecoverableKeyException {
            super(truststore);

            TrustManager tm = new X509TrustManager() {
                public java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
                    return null;
                }

                @Override
                public void checkClientTrusted(
                        java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] chain,
                        String authType)
                        throws java.security.cert.CertificateException {
                }

                @Override
                public void checkServerTrusted(
                        java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] chain,
                        String authType)
                        throws java.security.cert.CertificateException {
                }
            };
            sslContext.init(null, new TrustManager[] { tm }, null);
        }

        @Override
        public Socket createSocket(Socket socket, String host, int port,
                boolean autoClose) throws IOException, UnknownHostException {
            return sslContext.getSocketFactory().createSocket(socket, host,
                    port, autoClose);
        }

        @Override
        public Socket createSocket() throws IOException {
            return sslContext.getSocketFactory().createSocket();
        }
    }
run下,小手發抖的點到測試按鈕,深吸口氣,咦?沒反應。。。馬蛋的,工做線程忘記start(),唉,再次run下,終於的有點反應了,神奇的居然沒有報以前的  javax.net.ssl.SSLPeerUnverifiedException: No peer certificate 的異常了。服務端的數據正常返回了。,狂喜中…

分析問題:
HTTPS:超文本安全傳輸協議,和HTTP相比,多了一個SSL/TSL的認證過程,端口爲443。

1.peer終端發送一個request,https服務端把支持的加密算法等以證書的形式返回一個身份信息(包含ca頒發機構和加密公鑰等)。json

2.獲取證書以後,驗證證書合法性。瀏覽器

3.隨機產生一個密鑰,並以證書當中的公鑰加密。安全

4.request https服務端,把用公鑰加密過的密鑰傳送給https服務端。app

5.https服務端用本身的密鑰解密,獲取隨機值。socket

6.以後雙方傳送數據都用此密鑰加密後通訊。ide

HTTPS流程清楚後,問題也就明顯了,驗證證書時,沒法驗證

上面提供的解決方案就是添加默認信任所有證書。以此來經過接下來的通訊。


可是,這樣問題是解決了。可是以爲仍是不帶靠譜(信任所有證書有點危險)。繼續噼噼啪啪的網上搜索一番。又找到了一種解決方案,其過程大體這樣的:

1.瀏覽器訪問https地址,保存提示的證書到本地,放到android項目中的assets目錄。

2.導入證書,代碼以下。

3.把證書添加爲信任。

public static String requestHTTPSPage(Context context, String mUrl) {
        InputStream ins = null;
        String result = "";
        try {
            ins = context.getAssets().open("my.key"); // 下載的證書放到項目中的assets目錄中
            CertificateFactory cerFactory = CertificateFactory.getInstance("X.509");
            Certificate cer = cerFactory.generateCertificate(ins);
            KeyStore keyStore = KeyStore.getInstance("PKCS12", "BC");
            keyStore.load(null, null);
            keyStore.setCertificateEntry("trust", cer);

            SSLSocketFactory socketFactory = new SSLSocketFactory(keyStore);
            Scheme sch = new Scheme("https", socketFactory, 443);
            HttpClient mHttpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
            mHttpClient.getConnectionManager().getSchemeRegistry().register(sch);

            BufferedReader reader = null;
            try {
                HttpGet request = new HttpGet();
                request.setURI(new URI(mUrl));
                HttpResponse response = mHttpClient.execute(request);
                if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() != 200) {
                    request.abort();
                    return result;
                }

                reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(response
                        .getEntity().getContent()));
                StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
                String line = null;
                while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
                    buffer.append(line);
                }
                result = buffer.toString();
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } finally {
                if (reader != null) {
                    reader.close();
                }
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try {
                if (ins != null)
                    ins.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        return result;
    }
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