Python使用request包請求網頁亂碼解決方法

時間 2019-11-20

標籤 python 使用 request 請求網頁亂碼解決方法欄目 Python 简体版

原文原文鏈接

使用requests請求網頁時，返回的頁面信息有時是亂碼，以下代碼javascript

headers = {
    'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/65.0.3325.181 Safari/537.36'
}
def get_all(url,key):
    params = {
        'keyword':key,
        'enc':'utf-8'
    }
    response = requests.get(url=url,params=params,headers=headers)

    with open('jd.html','w',encoding='utf-8') as f:
        f.write(response.text)



if __name__ == '__main__':
    key = input('輸入搜索內容：')
    url = 'https://search.jd.com/Search?'
    get_all(url,key)

返回的部份內容；css

<div class="p-name p-name-type-2">
            <a target="_blank" title="æå°ä¼ è¯´çè¢Tæ¤ç·å¤å£é©çæ½®æµçè¢ç·å£«åè¢tæ¤åé¢ä¼é²ä¿®èº«å¤§ç äºåè¢æ½®çéå¹´å¦çtæ¤è¡£æç·è£ 430é»è² M" href="//item.jd.com/51029271063.html" onclick="searchlog(1,51029271063,8,1,'','flagsClk=1077936264')">
                <em>æå°ä¼ è¯´çè¢Tæ¤<font class="skcolor_ljg">ç·</font>å¤å£é©çæ½®æµçè¢ç·å£«åè¢tæ¤åé¢ä¼é²ä¿®èº«å¤§ç äºåè¢æ½®çéå¹´å¦çtæ¤è¡£æ<font class="skcolor_ljg">ç·è£</font> 430é»è² M</em>
                <i class="promo-words" id="J_AD_51029271063"></i>
            </a>
        </div>

解決方法和思路過程；html

代碼；java

def get_all(url,key):
    params = {
        'keyword':key,
        'enc':'utf-8'
    }
    response = requests.get(url=url,params=params,headers=headers)
    # 打印出所請求頁面返回的編碼方式
    print(response.encoding)
    # response.apparent_encoding是經過內容分析出的編碼方式，這裏是urf-8
    print(response.apparent_encoding)
    # 轉碼
    content = response.text.encode(response.encoding).decode(response.apparent_encoding)
    print(content)
    with open('jd.html','w',encoding='utf-8') as f:
        f.write(content)



if __name__ == '__main__':
    key = input('輸入搜索內容：')
    url = 'https://search.jd.com/Search?'
    get_all(url,key)

控制檯輸出（部分）；python

E:\anaconda\python.exe E:/練習/最後階段/0808/jd.py
輸入搜索內容：男裝
ISO-8859-1
utf-8
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="renderer" content="webkit">
<meta http-equiv="Cache-Control" content="max-age=300" />
<link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//search.jd.com" /><link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//item.jd.com" /><link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//list.jd.com" /><link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//p.3.cn" /><link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//misc.360buyimg.com" /><link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//nfa.jd.com" /><link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//d.jd.com" /><link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//img12.360buyimg.com" /><link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//img13.360buyimg.com" /><link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//static.360buyimg.com" /><link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//csc.jd.com" /><link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//mercury.jd.com" /><link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//x.jd.com" /><link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//wl.jd.com" /><title>男裝 - 商品搜索 - 京東</title><meta name="Keywords" content="男裝,京東男裝" /><meta name="description" content="在京東找到了260867件男裝的相似商品，其中包含了「男裝」等類型的男裝的商品。" /><script>
window.loadFa_toJson_data={query:'%E7%94%B7%E8%A3%85'};
window.jdpts={};jdpts._st=new Date().getTime();window.pageConfig={
    closeJpg : 1,
    compatible: false,
    searchType: 0,
    jdfVersion: '2.0.0',
    floatnav: 1,
    price_pdos_off: 0,
    actName: '',
    pSource: 'search_pc',
    queryParam: {
        c1: 0,
        c2: 1342,
        c3: 0,
        brand: '',
        price: '',
        keyword: '男裝',
        page: '1'
    }
};
window.searchUnit={
    resizeOnebox: function(g,f,j){var g=parseInt(g),i=typeof f,h=typeof j;if(!isNaN(g)){if("string"==i&&f!=""&&g>0){$("#J_oneBoxFrame_"+f).css("height",g+10);h=="function"&&j()}else{if(i=="undefined"||i=="function"){$("#virtualWareIFrame").css("height",g>0?g+10:0);i=="function"&&f()}}}},
    resizeShopbox: function(e,d){var f=0;switch(e){case 1:case 2:f=145;break;case 3:f=75;break;case 4:f=80;break;default:break}f&&$("#shopboxIFrame").css("height",f).show();typeof(d)=="string"&&(new Image().src=d)},
    coupon: {}};
window.QUERY_KEYWORD='男裝';
window.REAL_KEYWORD='男裝';
</script>
<link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="//misc.360buyimg.com/??jdf/1.0.0/unit/ui-base/5.0.0/ui-base.css,jdf/1.0.0/unit/shortcut/5.0.0/shortcut.css,jdf/1.0.0/unit/global-header/5.0.0/global-header.css,jdf/1.0.0/unit/myjd/5.0.0/myjd.css,jdf/1.0.0/unit/nav/5.0.0/nav.css,jdf/1.0.0/unit/shoppingcart/5.0.0/shoppingcart.css,jdf/1.0.0/unit/global-footer/5.0.0/global-footer.css,jdf/1.0.0/unit/service/5.0.0/service.css,jdf/1.0.0/unit/global-header-photo/5.0.0/global-header-photo.css,jdf/1.0.0/ui/area/1.0.0/area.css" />
<link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="//misc.360buyimg.com/product/search/1.0.7/css/search.css" />
<script type="text/javascript" src="//misc.360buyimg.com/??jdf/1.0.0/unit/base/5.0.0/base.js,jdf/lib/jquery-1.6.4.js,product/module/es5-shim.js"></script>
<script>
window.SEARCH = {
    cid: 1349,
    ui_ver: '1.0.7',
    c_category: 1342,
    p_category: 0,
    enable_adv: 1,
    enable_prom_adwords: 1,
    enable_prom_flag: 1,
    enable_price: 1,
    enable_stock: 2,
    enable_yyk: 0,
    lottery_code: '',
    is_correct_hash: function(e){var a=["keyword","brand_id","activity_id","coupon_batch","ecard_id"];for(var c=0,b=a.length;c<b;c++){var d=new RegExp("(^|\\?|&)"+a[c]+"=([^&]*)(\\s|&|$)");if(d.test(e)){return true}}return false},
    get_real_hash: function(){var a=window.location.hash.substr(1);if(a&&$.browser.mozilla){return location.href.substr(location.href.indexOf("#")+1)}else{return a}}
};
(function(a,b){var c=b.get_real_hash();if(b.is_correct_hash(c)){a.location.href=a.location.pathname+"?"+c;return false}else{if(a.self!=a.top||$.browser.msie&&$.browser.version<=9){var f=null,e=function(){var d=$(a).width();return 1210>d?$("html").removeClass():$("html").removeClass().addClass(d>=1210&&1390>d?"resp01":"resp02"),true};e();$(a).resize(function(){clearTimeout(f),f=setTimeout(e,20)})}}})(window,SEARCH);
</script>
</head>
<body>
<!--shortcut start-->
<div id="shortcut-2014">
    <div class="w">
        <ul class="fl">
            <li id="ttbar-home"><i class="iconfont">&#xe608;</i><a href="//www.jd.com/" target="_blank">京東首頁</a></li>
            <li class="dorpdown" id="ttbar-mycity"></li>
        </ul>

補充，方法二；jquery

response = requests.get(url=url, headers=headers)
    etrees = etree.HTML(response.content.decode("gb18030"))

done。c++

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