在組件中使用$route會使之與其對應路由造成高度耦合,從而使組件只能在某些特定的URL上使用,限制了其靈活性javascript
也就是說含有{{$route.params.id}}的組件在其餘地方根本不能用,由於有些地方根本不須要{{$route.params.id}}這個內容html
使用props將組件和路由解耦vue
const User = { template: '<div>User {{ $route.params.id }}</div>' } const router = new VueRouter({ routes: [ { path: '/user/:id', component: User } ] })
經過props解耦java
const User = { props: ['id'], template: '<div>User {{ id }}</div>' } const router = new VueRouter({ routes: [ { path: '/user/:id', component: User, props: true }, // 對於包含命名視圖的路由,你必須分別爲每一個命名視圖添加 `props` 選項: { path: '/user/:id', components: { default: User, sidebar: Sidebar }, props: { default: true, sidebar: false } } ] })
這樣你即可以在任何地方使用該組件,使得該組件更易於重用和測試。vue-router
完整例子:app
<body class=""> <script src="../js/vue.js"></script> <script src="../js/vue-router.js"></script> <div id="app"> <h1>路由傳參</h1> <router-link to="/user/111">a title</router-link> <br /> <router-link to="/user/222">b title</router-link> <router-view name="a"></router-view> <router-view></router-view> </div> <script> var user1 = { props: ['id'], template: "<div>this is {{id}} </div>" }; var user2 = { props: ['id'], template: "<div>that is {{id}} </div>" }; const router = new VueRouter({ routes: [{ path: "/user/:id", components:{a:user1,default:user2}, props: {a:true,default:false} }] }) const app = new Vue({ router }).$mount("#app") </script> </body>
a title
b titleide點擊a title 顯示函數
this is 111測試
that isthis
點擊b title
顯示this is 222
that is
布爾模式:若是props被設置爲true,route.params 將會被設置爲組件屬性
對象模式:若是props是一個對象,它會被按原樣設置爲組件屬性。當props是靜態的時候有用。
<body class=""> <script src="../js/vue.js"></script> <script src="../js/vue-router.js"></script> <div id="app"> <h1>Redirect</h1> <router-link to="/user">a title</router-link> <router-view></router-view> </div> <script> var user = { props: ['name'], template: "<div>this is {{name}} </div>" }; const router = new VueRouter({ routes: [{ path: "/user", component: user, props: {name:"lily"} }] }) const app = new Vue({ router }).$mount("#app") </script> </body>
點擊顯示this is lily
函數模式:你能夠建立一個函數返回 props
。這樣你即可以將參數轉換成另外一種類型,將靜態值與基於路由的值結合等等。
<body class=""> <script src="../js/vue.js"></script> <script src="../js/vue-router.js"></script> <div id="app"> <h1>Route props</h1> <ul> <li> <router-link to="/dynamic/1">/dynamic/1</router-link> </li> </ul> <router-view class="view" foo="123"></router-view> </div> <script> function dynamicPropsFn(route) { const now = new Date() return { name: (now.getFullYear() + parseInt(route.params.years)) + '!' } } var Hello = { props: ['name'], template: '<h2 class="hello">Hello {{ name}}</h2>' }; const router = new VueRouter({ routes: [ { path: '/dynamic/:years', component: Hello, props: dynamicPropsFn } ] }) const app = new Vue({ router }).$mount("#app") </script> </body>