MATLAB GUI設計（1）

1、新建GUI

一、命令行窗口輸入 guide會出來以下界面，能夠新建空白GUI，也能夠打開已有GUI

二、經過工具欄新建

2、數據傳遞例子

一、添加輸入框按鈕，設置尺寸大小，內容，格式，標籤

二、複製輸入框按鈕，獲得輸出框按鈕

三、轉換按鈕

(1)添加按鈕

注意格式是pushbutton

（2）添加回調函數 

（3）運行

 三、界面可調

 

四、滾動條

（1）插入滑動條，設置

 （2）靜態文本框

(3)可編輯文本

（4）回調函數

打開滑動條的回調函數

function slider1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to slider1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
val=get(handles.slider1,'Value');%獲得slider1，屬性爲‘Value’的值
set(handles.edit1,'String',num2str(val));%設置edit1屬性爲‘String’的值

加上最後兩句，便可。　　

 

 四、單選按鈕

 （1）添加單選按鈕，設置

選擇了該按鈕，'Value'值爲最大值，不然爲最小值

（2）添加可編輯文本

（3）添加回調函數

function radiobutton1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to radiobutton1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
val=get(handles.radiobutton1,'Value');%獲得slider1，屬性爲‘Value’的值
set(handles.edit1,'String',num2str(val));%設置edit1屬性爲‘Strin
% Hint: get(hObject,'Value') returns toggle state of radiobutton1

 （5）更改最大最小值及設置

五、複選框

（1）添加複選框，設置

(2)添加可編輯文本框（如上）

（3）回調函數

function checkbox1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to checkbox1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
val=get(handles.checkbox1,'Value');%獲得slider1，屬性爲‘Value’的值
set(handles.edit2,'String',num2str(val));%設置edit1屬性爲‘Strin
% Hint: get(hObject,'Value') returns toggle state of checkbox1

六、切換函數

（1）添加切換按鈕

（2）添加文本框

（3）添加回調函數

function togglebutton2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to togglebutton2 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
val=get(handles.togglebutton2,'Value');%獲得slider1，屬性爲‘Value’的值
set(handles.edit3,'String',num2str(val));%設置edit1屬性爲‘Strin
% Hint: get(hObject,'Value') returns toggle state of togglebutton2

　

七、按鈕組

（1）添加按鈕組控件，設置顯示文字及大小

（2）添加三個單選按鈕，更改顯示內容和大小

 

運行一下，以下圖

同一時刻只能選擇一個按鈕，這就是按鈕組的特色

（3）添加座標軸

（4）添加SelectionChangedFcn函數

 

function uibuttongroup1_SelectionChangedFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to the selected object in uibuttongroup1 
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
x=0:0.01:2*pi;%定義x軸座標
axes(handles.axes1);%選中你要畫圖的座標系
current_selection=get(eventdata.NewValue,'tag');  %困擾了一天的問題終於解決了
                                                 %原來 是Tag 返回值是字符串類型  
                                                 % case後的選擇條件要加引號 
switch current_selection
    case 'radiobutton1'
        y1=sin(x);
        plot(x,y1);
        grid on
        title('sin(x)')
    case 'radiobutton2'
        y2=cos(x);
        plot(x,y2);
        grid on
        title('cos(x)')
    case 'radiobutton3'
        y3=sin(x)+cos(x);
        plot(x,y3);
        grid on
        title('sin(x)+cos(x)')
end

 八、彈出式菜單

(1)添加彈出式菜單

 

Value 隨着選擇不一樣分別爲1，2，3

(2)添加回掉函數

function popupmenu1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to popupmenu1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
val=get(handles.popupmenu1,'Value')%不加分號，將結果顯示

選擇不一樣的函數，返回不一樣的值

(3)添加座標軸

（4）添加回調函數

function popupmenu1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to popupmenu1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
val=get(handles.popupmenu1,'Value');
x=0:0.01:2*pi;%定義x軸座標
axes(handles.axes1);%選中你要畫圖的座標系
switch val
    case 1
        y1=sin(x);
        plot(x,y1);
        grid on
        title('sin(x)')
    case 2
        y2=cos(x);
        plot(x,y2);
        grid on
        title('cos(x)')
    case 3
        y3=sin(x)+cos(x);
        handles.h=plot(x,y3);%建立句柄
        set(handles.h,'Color',rand(1,3));%設置顏色

        title('sin(x)+cos(x)')

end

 九、listbox控件

（1）建立listbox控件

Value的值和list內容一一對應。

(2)添加按鈕

（3）添加可編輯文本

(4)按鈕函數添加回調函數

function pushbutton1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to pushbutton1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
str=get(handles.listbox1,'String');%獲得listbox1中String中的字符串，列表格式
index_x=get(handles.listbox1,'Value');%列表的下標
set(handles.edit1,'String',str(index_x));%將字符串顯示在可編輯文本框中

　y軸的回調函數同理。　

　

(5)CreatFcn函數（listbox將參數函數化）

function listbox1_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to listbox1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

% Hint: listbox controls usually have a white background on Windows.
%       See ISPC and COMPUTER.
if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))
    set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');
end
t=0:0.01:2*pi;
canshu1=t;
canshu2=sin(t);
canshu3=cos(t);
canshu4=sin(t)+cos(t);

　建立新的結構體，保存handles結構體

cl=[canshu1;canshu2;canshu3;canshu4];%建立新的結構體,注意必定使用分號，不然獲得的是一串數字。或者使用元胞格式，可是注意調試數據獲取方式
handles.cl=cl;
guidata(hObject,handles);%更新handles結構體

（6）回調函數中，選擇的x,y軸參數賦值

function pushbutton1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to pushbutton1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
str=get(handles.listbox1,'String');%獲得listbox1中String中的字符串，列表格式
index_x=get(handles.listbox1,'Value');%列表的下標
set(handles.edit1,'String',str(index_x));%將字符串顯示在可編輯文本框中

x=handles.cl(index_x,:);%選擇的x軸的數值
handles.x=x;%必須定義新的handles，不然無法傳遞到下一個函數
guidata(hObject,handles)

y軸同理

function pushbutton2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to pushbutton2 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
str=get(handles.listbox1,'String');
index_y=get(handles.listbox1,'Value');
set(handles.edit2,'String',str(index_y));
y=handles.cl(index_y,:);
handles.y=y;
guidata(hObject,handles)

（7）建立繪圖按鈕和座標軸，而且添加繪圖按鈕回調函數

　

function pushbutton3_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to pushbutton3 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
axes(handles.axes2);%選中你要畫圖的座標系
plot(handles.x,handles.y);
grid on
axis equal

元胞數組形式的所有程序

function varargout = list_1(varargin)
% LIST_1 MATLAB code for list_1.fig
%      LIST_1, by itself, creates a new LIST_1 or raises the existing
%      singleton*.
%
%      H = LIST_1 returns the handle to a new LIST_1 or the handle to
%      the existing singleton*.
%
%      LIST_1('CALLBACK',hObject,eventData,handles,...) calls the local
%      function named CALLBACK in LIST_1.M with the given input arguments.
%
%      LIST_1('Property','Value',...) creates a new LIST_1 or raises the
%      existing singleton*.  Starting from the left, property value pairs are
%      applied to the GUI before list_1_OpeningFcn gets called.  An
%      unrecognized property name or invalid value makes property application
%      stop.  All inputs are passed to list_1_OpeningFcn via varargin.
%
%      *See GUI Options on GUIDE's Tools menu.  Choose "GUI allows only one
%      instance to run (singleton)".
%
% See also: GUIDE, GUIDATA, GUIHANDLES

% Edit the above text to modify the response to help list_1

% Last Modified by GUIDE v2.5 23-Nov-2017 00:35:23

% Begin initialization code - DO NOT EDIT
gui_Singleton = 1;
gui_State = struct('gui_Name',       mfilename, ...
                   'gui_Singleton',  gui_Singleton, ...
                   'gui_OpeningFcn', @list_1_OpeningFcn, ...
                   'gui_OutputFcn',  @list_1_OutputFcn, ...
                   'gui_LayoutFcn',  [] , ...
                   'gui_Callback',   []);
if nargin && ischar(varargin{1})
    gui_State.gui_Callback = str2func(varargin{1});
end

if nargout
    [varargout{1:nargout}] = gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});
else
    gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});
end
% End initialization code - DO NOT EDIT


% --- Executes just before list_1 is made visible.
function list_1_OpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, varargin)
% This function has no output args, see OutputFcn.
% hObject    handle to figure
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% varargin   command line arguments to list_1 (see VARARGIN)

% Choose default command line output for list_1
handles.output = hObject;

% Update handles structure
guidata(hObject, handles);

% UIWAIT makes list_1 wait for user response (see UIRESUME)
% uiwait(handles.figure1);


% --- Outputs from this function are returned to the command line.
function varargout = list_1_OutputFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) 
% varargout  cell array for returning output args (see VARARGOUT);
% hObject    handle to figure
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Get default command line output from handles structure
varargout{1} = handles.output;


% --- Executes on selection change in listbox1.
function listbox1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to listbox1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Hints: contents = cellstr(get(hObject,'String')) returns listbox1 contents as cell array
%        contents{get(hObject,'Value')} returns selected item from listbox1


% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.
function listbox1_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to listbox1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

% Hint: listbox controls usually have a white background on Windows.
%       See ISPC and COMPUTER.
if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))
    set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');
end

t=0:0.01:2*pi;
canshu1=t;
canshu2=sin(t);
canshu3=cos(t);
canshu4=sin(t)+cos(t);

cl={canshu1,canshu2,canshu3,canshu4};%元胞數組建立新的結構體
handles.cl=cl;
guidata(hObject,handles)%更新handles結構體


% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton1.
function pushbutton1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to pushbutton1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
str=get(handles.listbox1,'String');%獲得listbox1中String中的字符串，列表格式
index_x=get(handles.listbox1,'Value');%列表的下標
set(handles.edit1,'String',str(index_x));%將字符串顯示在可編輯文本框中

x=handles.cl{index_x};%選擇的x軸的數值
handles.x=x;%handles化
guidata(hObject,handles)






% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton2.
function pushbutton2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to pushbutton2 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
str=get(handles.listbox1,'String');
index_y=get(handles.listbox1,'Value');
set(handles.edit2,'String',str(index_y));
y=handles.cl{index_y};%注意使用花括號
handles.y=y;%建立新的元胞數組傳遞數值
guidata(hObject,handles)



function edit1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to edit1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit1 as text
%        str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit1 as a double


% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.
function edit1_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to edit1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.
%       See ISPC and COMPUTER.
if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))
    set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');
end



function edit2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to edit2 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit2 as text
%        str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit2 as a double


% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.
function edit2_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to edit2 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.
%       See ISPC and COMPUTER.
if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))
    set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');
end


% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton3.
function pushbutton3_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to pushbutton3 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
axes(handles.axes2);%選中你要畫圖的座標系
plot(handles.x,handles.y);
grid on
axis equal

注意整個實例是利用handles來傳遞全局變量。

字符的一開始參數化，編程很好的思想。

十、菜單編輯

（1）建立菜單編輯器

（2）建立座標軸

（3）添加回調函數

function sin_x_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to sin_x (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
x=0:0.01:2*pi;
axes(handles.axes1);
handles.h=plot(x,sin(x));%建立畫圖句柄
grid on
title('正弦曲線')
guidata(hObject,handles)%保存句柄


% --------------------------------------------------------------------
function cos_x_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to cos_x (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
x=0:0.01:2*pi;
axes(handles.axes1);
handles.h=plot(x,cos(x));%建立畫圖句柄
grid on
title('餘弦曲線')
guidata(hObject,handles)%保存句柄

(4)添加上下文菜單

更改座標軸設置

（5）添加顏色、線寬回調函數

% --------------------------------------------------------------------
function red_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to red (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
set(handles.h,'color','red')%設置紅色


% --------------------------------------------------------------------
function yellow_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to yellow (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
set(handles.h,'color','y')


% --------------------------------------------------------------------
function grean_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to grean (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
set(handles.h,'color','g')

function linewidth_1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to linewidth_1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
set(handles.h,'linewidth',2)%線寬


% --------------------------------------------------------------------
function linewidth_2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to linewidth_2 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
set(handles.h,'linewidth',4)%線寬