Java POI 導出EXCEL經典實現 Java導出Excel

轉自http://blog.csdn.net/evangel_z/article/details/7332535

在web開發中，有一個經典的功能，就是數據的導入導出。特別是數據的導出，在生產管理或者財務系統中用的很是廣泛，由於這些系統常常要作一些報表打印的工做。而數據導出的格式通常是EXCEL或者PDF，我這裏就用兩篇文章分別給你們介紹下。（注意，咱們這裏說的數據導出可不是數據庫中的數據導出！麼誤會啦^_^）

         呵呵，首先咱們來導出EXCEL格式的文件吧。如今主流的操做Excel文件的開源工具備不少,用得比較多的就是Apache的POI及JExcelAPI。這裏咱們用Apache POI！咱們先去Apache的大本營下載POI的jar包：http://poi.apache.org/ ，我這裏使用的是3.0.2版本。

        將3個jar包導入到classpath下，什麼？忘了怎麼導包？不會吧！好，咱們來寫一個導出Excel的實用類（所謂實用，是指基本不用怎麼修改就能夠在實際項目中直接使用的！）。我一直強調作類也好，作方法也好，必定要通用性和靈活性強。下面這個類就算基本貫徹了個人這種思想。那麼，熟悉許老師風格的人應該知道，這時候該要甩出一長串代碼了。沒錯，大夥請看：

 1 import java.util.Date;
 2 
 3 public class Student
 4 {
 5     private long id;
 6     private String name;
 7     private int age;
 8     private boolean sex;
 9     private Date birthday;
10 
11     public Student()
12     {
13     }
14 
15     public Student(long id, String name, int age, boolean sex, Date birthday)
16     {
17         this.id = id;
18         this.name = name;
19         this.age = age;
20         this.sex = sex;
21         this.birthday = birthday;
22     }
23 
24     public long getId()
25     {
26         return id;
27     }
28 
29     public void setId(long id)
30     {
31         this.id = id;
32     }
33 
34     public String getName()
35     {
36         return name;
37     }
38 
39     public void setName(String name)
40     {
41         this.name = name;
42     }
43 
44     public int getAge()
45     {
46         return age;
47     }
48 
49     public void setAge(int age)
50     {
51         this.age = age;
52     }
53 
54     public boolean getSex()
55     {
56         return sex;
57     }
58 
59     public void setSex(boolean sex)
60     {
61         this.sex = sex;
62     }
63 
64     public Date getBirthday()
65     {
66         return birthday;
67     }
68 
69     public void setBirthday(Date birthday)
70     {
71         this.birthday = birthday;
72     }
73 
74 }

 1 public class Book
 2 {
 3     private int bookId;
 4     private String name;
 5     private String author;
 6     private float price;
 7     private String isbn;
 8     private String pubName;
 9     private byte[] preface;
10 
11     public Book()
12     {
13     }
14 
15     public Book(int bookId, String name, String author, float price,
16             String isbn, String pubName, byte[] preface)
17     {
18         this.bookId = bookId;
19         this.name = name;
20         this.author = author;
21         this.price = price;
22         this.isbn = isbn;
23         this.pubName = pubName;
24         this.preface = preface;
25     }
26 
27     public int getBookId()
28     {
29         return bookId;
30     }
31 
32     public void setBookId(int bookId)
33     {
34         this.bookId = bookId;
35     }
36 
37     public String getName()
38     {
39         return name;
40     }
41 
42     public void setName(String name)
43     {
44         this.name = name;
45     }
46 
47     public String getAuthor()
48     {
49         return author;
50     }
51 
52     public void setAuthor(String author)
53     {
54         this.author = author;
55     }
56 
57     public float getPrice()
58     {
59         return price;
60     }
61 
62     public void setPrice(float price)
63     {
64         this.price = price;
65     }
66 
67     public String getIsbn()
68     {
69         return isbn;
70     }
71 
72     public void setIsbn(String isbn)
73     {
74         this.isbn = isbn;
75     }
76 
77     public String getPubName()
78     {
79         return pubName;
80     }
81 
82     public void setPubName(String pubName)
83     {
84         this.pubName = pubName;
85     }
86 
87     public byte[] getPreface()
88     {
89         return preface;
90     }
91 
92     public void setPreface(byte[] preface)
93     {
94         this.preface = preface;
95     }
96 }

上面這兩個類一目瞭然，就是兩個簡單的javabean風格的類。再看下面真正的重點類：

import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;

import javax.swing.JOptionPane;

import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCellStyle;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFClientAnchor;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFComment;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFFont;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFPatriarch;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRichTextString;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.util.HSSFColor;

/**
 * 利用開源組件POI3.0.2動態導出EXCEL文檔 轉載時請保留如下信息，註明出處！
 * 
 * @author leno
 * @version v1.0
 * @param <T>
 *            應用泛型，表明任意一個符合javabean風格的類
 *            注意這裏爲了簡單起見，boolean型的屬性xxx的get器方式爲getXxx(),而不是isXxx()
 *            byte[]表jpg格式的圖片數據
 */
public class ExportExcel<T>
{
    public void exportExcel(Collection<T> dataset, OutputStream out)
    {
        exportExcel("測試POI導出EXCEL文檔", null, dataset, out, "yyyy-MM-dd");
    }

    public void exportExcel(String[] headers, Collection<T> dataset,
            OutputStream out)
    {
        exportExcel("測試POI導出EXCEL文檔", headers, dataset, out, "yyyy-MM-dd");
    }

    public void exportExcel(String[] headers, Collection<T> dataset,
            OutputStream out, String pattern)
    {
        exportExcel("測試POI導出EXCEL文檔", headers, dataset, out, pattern);
    }

    /**
     * 這是一個通用的方法，利用了JAVA的反射機制，能夠將放置在JAVA集合中而且符號必定條件的數據以EXCEL 的形式輸出到指定IO設備上
     * 
     * @param title
     *            表格標題名
     * @param headers
     *            表格屬性列名數組
     * @param dataset
     *            須要顯示的數據集合,集合中必定要放置符合javabean風格的類的對象。此方法支持的
     *            javabean屬性的數據類型有基本數據類型及String,Date,byte[](圖片數據)
     * @param out
     *            與輸出設備關聯的流對象，能夠將EXCEL文檔導出到本地文件或者網絡中
     * @param pattern
     *            若是有時間數據，設定輸出格式。默認爲"yyy-MM-dd"
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    public void exportExcel(String title, String[] headers,
            Collection<T> dataset, OutputStream out, String pattern)
    {
        // 聲明一個工做薄
        HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
        // 生成一個表格
        HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet(title);
        // 設置表格默認列寬度爲15個字節
        sheet.setDefaultColumnWidth((short) 15);
        // 生成一個樣式
        HSSFCellStyle style = workbook.createCellStyle();
        // 設置這些樣式
        style.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.SKY_BLUE.index);
        style.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND);
        style.setBorderBottom(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
        style.setBorderLeft(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
        style.setBorderRight(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
        style.setBorderTop(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
        style.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);
        // 生成一個字體
        HSSFFont font = workbook.createFont();
        font.setColor(HSSFColor.VIOLET.index);
        font.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 12);
        font.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_BOLD);
        // 把字體應用到當前的樣式
        style.setFont(font);
        // 生成並設置另外一個樣式
        HSSFCellStyle style2 = workbook.createCellStyle();
        style2.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.LIGHT_YELLOW.index);
        style2.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND);
        style2.setBorderBottom(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
        style2.setBorderLeft(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
        style2.setBorderRight(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
        style2.setBorderTop(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
        style2.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);
        style2.setVerticalAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER);
        // 生成另外一個字體
        HSSFFont font2 = workbook.createFont();
        font2.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_NORMAL);
        // 把字體應用到當前的樣式
        style2.setFont(font2);

        // 聲明一個畫圖的頂級管理器
        HSSFPatriarch patriarch = sheet.createDrawingPatriarch();
        // 定義註釋的大小和位置,詳見文檔
        HSSFComment comment = patriarch.createComment(new HSSFClientAnchor(0,
                0, 0, 0, (short) 4, 2, (short) 6, 5));
        // 設置註釋內容
        comment.setString(new HSSFRichTextString("能夠在POI中添加註釋！"));
        // 設置註釋做者，當鼠標移動到單元格上是能夠在狀態欄中看到該內容.
        comment.setAuthor("leno");

        // 產生表格標題行
        HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(0);
        for (short i = 0; i < headers.length; i++)
        {
            HSSFCell cell = row.createCell(i);
            cell.setCellStyle(style);
            HSSFRichTextString text = new HSSFRichTextString(headers[i]);
            cell.setCellValue(text);
        }

        // 遍歷集合數據，產生數據行
        Iterator<T> it = dataset.iterator();
        int index = 0;
        while (it.hasNext())
        {
            index++;
            row = sheet.createRow(index);
            T t = (T) it.next();
            // 利用反射，根據javabean屬性的前後順序，動態調用getXxx()方法獲得屬性值
            Field[] fields = t.getClass().getDeclaredFields();
            for (short i = 0; i < fields.length; i++)
            {
                HSSFCell cell = row.createCell(i);
                cell.setCellStyle(style2);
                Field field = fields[i];
                String fieldName = field.getName();
                String getMethodName = "get"
                        + fieldName.substring(0, 1).toUpperCase()
                        + fieldName.substring(1);
                try
                {
                    Class tCls = t.getClass();
                    Method getMethod = tCls.getMethod(getMethodName,
                            new Class[]
                            {});
                    Object value = getMethod.invoke(t, new Object[]
                    {});
                    // 判斷值的類型後進行強制類型轉換
                    String textValue = null;
                    // if (value instanceof Integer) {
                    // int intValue = (Integer) value;
                    // cell.setCellValue(intValue);
                    // } else if (value instanceof Float) {
                    // float fValue = (Float) value;
                    // textValue = new HSSFRichTextString(
                    // String.valueOf(fValue));
                    // cell.setCellValue(textValue);
                    // } else if (value instanceof Double) {
                    // double dValue = (Double) value;
                    // textValue = new HSSFRichTextString(
                    // String.valueOf(dValue));
                    // cell.setCellValue(textValue);
                    // } else if (value instanceof Long) {
                    // long longValue = (Long) value;
                    // cell.setCellValue(longValue);
                    // }
                    if (value instanceof Boolean)
                    {
                        boolean bValue = (Boolean) value;
                        textValue = "男";
                        if (!bValue)
                        {
                            textValue = "女";
                        }
                    }
                    else if (value instanceof Date)
                    {
                        Date date = (Date) value;
                        SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat(pattern);
                        textValue = sdf.format(date);
                    }
                    else if (value instanceof byte[])
                    {
                        // 有圖片時，設置行高爲60px;
                        row.setHeightInPoints(60);
                        // 設置圖片所在列寬度爲80px,注意這裏單位的一個換算
                        sheet.setColumnWidth(i, (short) (35.7 * 80));
                        // sheet.autoSizeColumn(i);
                        byte[] bsValue = (byte[]) value;
                        HSSFClientAnchor anchor = new HSSFClientAnchor(0, 0,
                                1023, 255, (short) 6, index, (short) 6, index);
                        anchor.setAnchorType(2);
                        patriarch.createPicture(anchor, workbook.addPicture(
                                bsValue, HSSFWorkbook.PICTURE_TYPE_JPEG));
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        // 其它數據類型都看成字符串簡單處理
                        textValue = value.toString();
                    }
                    // 若是不是圖片數據，就利用正則表達式判斷textValue是否所有由數字組成
                    if (textValue != null)
                    {
                        Pattern p = Pattern.compile("^//d+(//.//d+)?$");
                        Matcher matcher = p.matcher(textValue);
                        if (matcher.matches())
                        {
                            // 是數字看成double處理
                            cell.setCellValue(Double.parseDouble(textValue));
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            HSSFRichTextString richString = new HSSFRichTextString(
                                    textValue);
                            HSSFFont font3 = workbook.createFont();
                            font3.setColor(HSSFColor.BLUE.index);
                            richString.applyFont(font3);
                            cell.setCellValue(richString);
                        }
                    }
                }
                catch (SecurityException e)
                {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                catch (NoSuchMethodException e)
                {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                catch (IllegalArgumentException e)
                {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                catch (IllegalAccessException e)
                {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                catch (InvocationTargetException e)
                {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                finally
                {
                    // 清理資源
                }
            }
        }
        try
        {
            workbook.write(out);
        }
        catch (IOException e)
        {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        // 測試學生
        ExportExcel<Student> ex = new ExportExcel<Student>();
        String[] headers =
        { "學號", "姓名", "年齡", "性別", "出生日期" };
        List<Student> dataset = new ArrayList<Student>();
        dataset.add(new Student(10000001, "張三", 20, true, new Date()));
        dataset.add(new Student(20000002, "李四", 24, false, new Date()));
        dataset.add(new Student(30000003, "王五", 22, true, new Date()));
        // 測試圖書
        ExportExcel<Book> ex2 = new ExportExcel<Book>();
        String[] headers2 =
        { "圖書編號", "圖書名稱", "圖書做者", "圖書價格", "圖書ISBN", "圖書出版社", "封面圖片" };
        List<Book> dataset2 = new ArrayList<Book>();
        try
        {
            BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(
                    new FileInputStream("V://book.bmp"));
            byte[] buf = new byte[bis.available()];
            while ((bis.read(buf)) != -1)
            {
                //
            }
            dataset2.add(new Book(1, "jsp", "leno", 300.33f, "1234567",
                    "清華出版社", buf));
            dataset2.add(new Book(2, "java編程思想", "brucl", 300.33f, "1234567",
                    "陽光出版社", buf));
            dataset2.add(new Book(3, "DOM藝術", "lenotang", 300.33f, "1234567",
                    "清華出版社", buf));
            dataset2.add(new Book(4, "c++經典", "leno", 400.33f, "1234567",
                    "清華出版社", buf));
            dataset2.add(new Book(5, "c#入門", "leno", 300.33f, "1234567",
                    "湯春秀出版社", buf));

            OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("E://a.xls");
            OutputStream out2 = new FileOutputStream("E://b.xls");
            ex.exportExcel(headers, dataset, out);
            ex2.exportExcel(headers2, dataset2, out2);
            out.close();
            JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "導出成功!");
            System.out.println("excel導出成功！");
        }
        catch (FileNotFoundException e)
        {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        catch (IOException e)
        {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

 寫完以後，若是您不是用eclipse工具生成的Servlet,千萬別忘了在web.xml上註冊這個Servelt。並且一樣的，拷貝一張小巧的圖書圖片命名爲book.jpg放置到當前WEB根目錄的/WEB-INF/下。部署好web工程，用瀏覽器訪問Servlet看下效果吧！是否是下載成功了。呵呵，您能夠將下載到本地的excel報表用打印機打印出來，這樣您就大功告成了。完事了咱們就思考：咱們發現，咱們作的方法，無論是本地調用，仍是在WEB服務器端用Servlet調用；無論是輸出學生列表，仍是圖書列表信息，代碼都幾乎同樣，並且這些數據咱們很容器結合後臺的DAO操做數據庫動態獲取。恩，類和方法的通用性和靈活性開始有點感受了。好啦，祝您學習愉快！

 

 

簡單版 無excel格式樣式設置  及excel下載

  1 package com.howbuy.uaa.utils;
  2 
  3 import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
  4 import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
  5 import java.io.File;
  6 import java.io.FileInputStream;
  7 import java.io.IOException;
  8 import java.io.InputStream;
  9 import java.io.OutputStream;
 10 import java.lang.reflect.Field;
 11 import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
 12 import java.lang.reflect.Method;
 13 import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
 14 import java.util.Collection;
 15 import java.util.Date;
 16 import java.util.Iterator;
 17 import java.util.regex.Matcher;
 18 import java.util.regex.Pattern;
 19 
 20 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
 21 
 22 import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell;
 23 import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCellStyle;
 24 import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFFont;
 25 import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRichTextString;
 26 import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRow;
 27 import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;
 28 import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
 29 
 30 
 31 public class ExportExcel<T> {
 32     public void exportExcel(String title,Collection<T> dataset, OutputStream out) {
 33         exportExcel(title, null, dataset, out, "yyyy-MM-dd");
 34     }
 35 
 36     public void exportExcel(String title,String[] headers, Collection<T> dataset,
 37             OutputStream out) {
 38         exportExcel(title, headers, dataset, out, "yyyy-MM-dd");
 39     }
 40     
 41     @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
 42     public void exportExcel(String title, String[] headers,Collection<T> dataset, OutputStream out, String pattern) {
 43         // 聲明一個工做薄
 44         HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
 45         // 生成一個表格
 46         HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet(title);
 47         // 設置表格默認列寬度爲15個字節
 48         sheet.setDefaultColumnWidth((short) 15);
 49         // 生成一個樣式
 50         HSSFCellStyle style = workbook.createCellStyle();
 51         // 生成一個字體
 52         HSSFFont font = workbook.createFont();
 53         font.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 12);
 54         // 把字體應用到當前的樣式
 55         style.setFont(font);
 56         // 產生表格標題行
 57         HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(0);
 58         for (short i = 0; i < headers.length; i++) {
 59             HSSFCell cell = row.createCell(i);
 60             cell.setCellStyle(style);
 61             HSSFRichTextString text = new HSSFRichTextString(headers[i]);
 62             cell.setCellValue(text);
 63         }
 64         // 遍歷集合數據，產生數據行
 65         Iterator<T> it = dataset.iterator();
 66         int index = 0;
 67         while (it.hasNext()) {
 68             index++;
 69             row = sheet.createRow(index);
 70             T t = (T) it.next();
 71             // 利用反射，根據javabean屬性的前後順序，動態調用getXxx()方法獲得屬性值
 72             Field[] fields = t.getClass().getDeclaredFields();
 73             for (short i = 0; i < fields.length; i++) {
 74                 HSSFCell cell = row.createCell(i);
 75                 cell.setCellStyle(style);
 76                 Field field = fields[i];
 77                 String fieldName = field.getName();
 78                 String getMethodName = "get"
 79                         + fieldName.substring(0, 1).toUpperCase()
 80                         + fieldName.substring(1);
 81                 try {
 82                     Class tCls = t.getClass();
 83                     Method getMethod = tCls.getMethod(getMethodName,
 84                             new Class[] {});
 85                     Object value = getMethod.invoke(t, new Object[] {});
 86                     // 判斷值的類型後進行強制類型轉換
 87                     String textValue = null;
 88                      if (value instanceof Integer) {
 89                          int intValue = (Integer) value;
 90                          cell.setCellValue(intValue);
 91                      }
 92                      else if (value instanceof Long) {
 93                          long longValue = (Long) value;
 94                          cell.setCellValue(longValue);
 95                      }
 96                      else if (value instanceof Boolean) {
 97                         boolean bValue = (Boolean) value;
 98                         textValue = "1";
 99                         if (!bValue) {
100                             textValue = "0";
101                         }
102                     } else if (value instanceof Date) {
103                         Date date = (Date) value;
104                         SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat(pattern);
105                         textValue = sdf.format(date);
106                     } else {
107                         // 其它數據類型都看成字符串簡單處理
108                         if(value == null)
109                         {
110                             textValue = "";
111                         }
112                         else {
113                             textValue = value.toString();
114                         }
115                             
116                     }
117                     
118                     if (textValue != null) {
119                         Pattern p = Pattern.compile("^//d+(//.//d+)?$");
120                         Matcher matcher = p.matcher(textValue);
121                         if (matcher.matches()) {
122                             // 是數字看成double處理
123                             cell.setCellValue(Double.parseDouble(textValue));
124                         } else {
125                             HSSFRichTextString richString = new HSSFRichTextString(
126                                     textValue);
127                             richString.applyFont(font);
128                             cell.setCellValue(richString);
129                         }
130                     }
131                 } catch (SecurityException e) {
132                     e.printStackTrace();
133                 } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
134                     e.printStackTrace();
135                 } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
136                     e.printStackTrace();
137                 } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
138                     e.printStackTrace();
139                 } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
140                     e.printStackTrace();
141                 } finally {
142                     // 清理資源
143                 }
144             }
145 
146         }
147         try {
148             workbook.write(out);
149         } catch (IOException e) {
150             e.printStackTrace();
151         }
152     }
153     
154     public void downloadExcel(String path, HttpServletResponse response) {
155         try {
156             // path是指欲下載的文件的路徑。
157             File file = new File(path);
158             String name = file.getName();
159             // 取得文件名。
160             String filename = java.net.URLEncoder.encode(name,"utf-8");
161             // 清空response
162             response.reset();
163             // 設置response的Header
164             response.addHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename="
165                     + new String(filename.getBytes()));
166             response.addHeader("Content-Length", "" + file.length());
167             OutputStream toClient = new BufferedOutputStream(
168                     response.getOutputStream());
169             response.setContentType("application/ms-excel;charset=gb2312");
170             // 以流的形式下載文件。
171             InputStream fis = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(path));
172             byte[] buffer = new byte[fis.available()];
173             fis.read(buffer);
174             fis.close();
175             toClient.write(buffer);
176             toClient.flush();
177             toClient.close();
178         } catch (IOException ex) {
179             ex.printStackTrace();
180         }
181     }
182 }