java程序中出現死鎖問題,若是不瞭解排查方法,是一籌莫展的,今天我們用三種方法找到死鎖問題。java
運行下面代碼程序員
package com.jvm.visualvm;
/**
* <a href="http://www.itsoku.com/archives">Java乾貨鋪子,只生產乾貨,公衆號:javacode2018</a>
*/
public class Demo4 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
User u1 = new User("u1");
User u2 = new User("u2");
Thread thread1 = new Thread(new SynAddRunalbe(u1, u2, 1, 2, true));
thread1.setName("thread1");
thread1.start();
Thread thread2 = new Thread(new SynAddRunalbe(u1, u2, 2, 1, false));
thread2.setName("thread2");
thread2.start();
}
/**
* 線程死鎖等待演示
*/
public static class SynAddRunalbe implements Runnable {
User u1, u2;
int a, b;
boolean flag;
public SynAddRunalbe(User u1, User u2, int a, int b, boolean flag) {
this.u1 = u1;
this.u2 = u2;
this.a = a;
this.b = b;
this.flag = flag;
}
@Override
public void run() {
try {
if (flag) {
synchronized (u1) {
Thread.sleep(100);
synchronized (u2) {
System.out.println(a + b);
}
}
} else {
synchronized (u2) {
Thread.sleep(100);
synchronized (u1) {
System.out.println(a + b);
}
}
}
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
public static class User {
private String name;
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public User(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"name='" + name + '\'' + '}'; } } } 複製代碼
程序中:thread1持有u1的鎖,thread2持有u2的鎖,thread1等待獲取u2的鎖,thread2等待獲取u1的鎖,相互須要獲取的鎖都被對方持有者,形成了死鎖。程序運行中一直沒法結束。sql
經過jdk工具jps、jstack排查死鎖問題bash
jps、jstack都是jdk提供的命令工具,方便用戶排查程序的一些問題。更詳細的用法見文檔最後。
步驟一:使用jsp查找程序進行架構
jps:jdk提供的一個工具,能夠查看到正在運行的java進程
C:\Users\Think>jps -l
5824 com.jvm.visualvm.Demo4
複製代碼
步驟二:使用jstack查看線程堆棧信息併發
jstack:jdk提供的一個工具,能夠查看java進程中線程堆棧信息。更詳細的用法見文檔最後。
C:\Users\Think>jstack 5824
2019-06-04 15:34:37
Full thread dump Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (25.121-b13 mixed mode):
"DestroyJavaVM" #14 prio=5 os_prio=0 tid=0x0000000002cf4000 nid=0x9fd8 waiting on condition [0x0000000000000000]
java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE
"thread2" #13 prio=5 os_prio=0 tid=0x000000002884d800 nid=0x40c4 waiting for monitor entry [0x00000000292ce000]
java.lang.Thread.State: BLOCKED (on object monitor)
at com.jvm.visualvm.Demo4$SynAddRunalbe.run(Demo4.java:49)
- waiting to lock <0x00000007173d4178> (a com.jvm.visualvm.Demo4$User)
- locked <0x00000007173d41b8> (a com.jvm.visualvm.Demo4$User)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
"thread1" #12 prio=5 os_prio=0 tid=0x000000002885b800 nid=0x99c0 waiting for monitor entry [0x00000000291cf000]
java.lang.Thread.State: BLOCKED (on object monitor)
at com.jvm.visualvm.Demo4$SynAddRunalbe.run(Demo4.java:42)
- waiting to lock <0x00000007173d41b8> (a com.jvm.visualvm.Demo4$User)
- locked <0x00000007173d4178> (a com.jvm.visualvm.Demo4$User)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
"Service Thread" #11 daemon prio=9 os_prio=0 tid=0x0000000027dd9000 nid=0x7f80 runnable [0x0000000000000000]
java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE
"C1 CompilerThread3" #10 daemon prio=9 os_prio=2 tid=0x0000000027d80800 nid=0x3b94 waiting on condition [0x0000000000000000]
java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE
"C2 CompilerThread2" #9 daemon prio=9 os_prio=2 tid=0x0000000027d7c000 nid=0x4c7c waiting on condition [0x0000000000000000]
java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE
"C2 CompilerThread1" #8 daemon prio=9 os_prio=2 tid=0x0000000027d7b000 nid=0x8f4c waiting on condition [0x0000000000000000]
java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE
"C2 CompilerThread0" #7 daemon prio=9 os_prio=2 tid=0x0000000027d73000 nid=0x9094 waiting on condition [0x0000000000000000]
java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE
"Monitor Ctrl-Break" #6 daemon prio=5 os_prio=0 tid=0x0000000027d0a800 nid=0x647c runnable [0x00000000282ce000]
java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE
at java.net.SocketInputStream.socketRead0(Native Method)
at java.net.SocketInputStream.socketRead(SocketInputStream.java:116)
at java.net.SocketInputStream.read(SocketInputStream.java:171)
at java.net.SocketInputStream.read(SocketInputStream.java:141)
at sun.nio.cs.StreamDecoder.readBytes(StreamDecoder.java:284)
at sun.nio.cs.StreamDecoder.implRead(StreamDecoder.java:326)
at sun.nio.cs.StreamDecoder.read(StreamDecoder.java:178)
- locked <0x0000000717449cd8> (a java.io.InputStreamReader)
at java.io.InputStreamReader.read(InputStreamReader.java:184)
at java.io.BufferedReader.fill(BufferedReader.java:161)
at java.io.BufferedReader.readLine(BufferedReader.java:324)
- locked <0x0000000717449cd8> (a java.io.InputStreamReader)
at java.io.BufferedReader.readLine(BufferedReader.java:389)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMainV2$1.run(AppMainV2.java:64)
"Attach Listener" #5 daemon prio=5 os_prio=2 tid=0x0000000027b61000 nid=0x7cf8 waiting on condition [0x0000000000000000]
java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE
"Signal Dispatcher" #4 daemon prio=9 os_prio=2 tid=0x0000000027b5f800 nid=0x94f4 runnable [0x0000000000000000]
java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE
"Finalizer" #3 daemon prio=8 os_prio=1 tid=0x0000000027af1800 nid=0x9960 in Object.wait() [0x0000000027fce000]
java.lang.Thread.State: WAITING (on object monitor)
at java.lang.Object.wait(Native Method)
- waiting on <0x0000000717188ec8> (a java.lang.ref.ReferenceQueue$Lock)
at java.lang.ref.ReferenceQueue.remove(ReferenceQueue.java:143)
- locked <0x0000000717188ec8> (a java.lang.ref.ReferenceQueue$Lock)
at java.lang.ref.ReferenceQueue.remove(ReferenceQueue.java:164)
at java.lang.ref.Finalizer$FinalizerThread.run(Finalizer.java:209)
"Reference Handler" #2 daemon prio=10 os_prio=2 tid=0x0000000002deb000 nid=0xb2bc in Object.wait() [0x0000000027acf000]
java.lang.Thread.State: WAITING (on object monitor)
at java.lang.Object.wait(Native Method)
- waiting on <0x0000000717186b68> (a java.lang.ref.Reference$Lock)
at java.lang.Object.wait(Object.java:502)
at java.lang.ref.Reference.tryHandlePending(Reference.java:191)
- locked <0x0000000717186b68> (a java.lang.ref.Reference$Lock)
at java.lang.ref.Reference$ReferenceHandler.run(Reference.java:153)
"VM Thread" os_prio=2 tid=0x0000000025be9000 nid=0xaa90 runnable
"GC task thread#0 (ParallelGC)" os_prio=0 tid=0x0000000002d0a000 nid=0x3fc0 runnable
"GC task thread#1 (ParallelGC)" os_prio=0 tid=0x0000000002d0b800 nid=0x9cf8 runnable
"GC task thread#2 (ParallelGC)" os_prio=0 tid=0x0000000002d0d000 nid=0x51c runnable
"GC task thread#3 (ParallelGC)" os_prio=0 tid=0x0000000002d0e800 nid=0x24d0 runnable
"GC task thread#4 (ParallelGC)" os_prio=0 tid=0x0000000002d12000 nid=0x618c runnable
"GC task thread#5 (ParallelGC)" os_prio=0 tid=0x0000000002d13000 nid=0x5550 runnable
"GC task thread#6 (ParallelGC)" os_prio=0 tid=0x0000000002d16000 nid=0x8994 runnable
"GC task thread#7 (ParallelGC)" os_prio=0 tid=0x0000000002d17800 nid=0x39cc runnable
"VM Periodic Task Thread" os_prio=2 tid=0x0000000027dd9800 nid=0x5294 waiting on condition
JNI global references: 33
Found one Java-level deadlock:
=============================
"thread2":
waiting to lock monitor 0x0000000028846468 (object 0x00000007173d4178, a com.jvm.visualvm.Demo4$User),
which is held by "thread1"
"thread1":
waiting to lock monitor 0x0000000025bf0bb8 (object 0x00000007173d41b8, a com.jvm.visualvm.Demo4$User),
which is held by "thread2"
Java stack information for the threads listed above:
===================================================
"thread2":
at com.jvm.visualvm.Demo4$SynAddRunalbe.run(Demo4.java:49)
- waiting to lock <0x00000007173d4178> (a com.jvm.visualvm.Demo4$User)
- locked <0x00000007173d41b8> (a com.jvm.visualvm.Demo4$User)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
"thread1":
at com.jvm.visualvm.Demo4$SynAddRunalbe.run(Demo4.java:42)
- waiting to lock <0x00000007173d41b8> (a com.jvm.visualvm.Demo4$User)
- locked <0x00000007173d4178> (a com.jvm.visualvm.Demo4$User)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
Found 1 deadlock.
複製代碼
從上面的堆棧信息中咱們能夠發現這個內容:「app
Java stack information for the threads listed above:
===================================================
"thread2":
at com.jvm.visualvm.Demo4$SynAddRunalbe.run(Demo4.java:49)
- waiting to lock <0x00000007173d4178> (a com.jvm.visualvm.Demo4$User)
- locked <0x00000007173d41b8> (a com.jvm.visualvm.Demo4$User)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
"thread1":
at com.jvm.visualvm.Demo4$SynAddRunalbe.run(Demo4.java:42)
- waiting to lock <0x00000007173d41b8> (a com.jvm.visualvm.Demo4$User)
- locked <0x00000007173d4178> (a com.jvm.visualvm.Demo4$User)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
複製代碼
能夠死鎖的代碼是在Demo4.java的49行和42行,此時咱們就能夠去優化代碼,解決死鎖問題。jvm
經過jdk提供的工具jconsole排查死鎖問題socket
jconsole:jdk提供的一個可視化的工具,方便排查程序的一些問題,如:程序內存溢出、死鎖問題等等。更詳細的用法見文檔最後。jconsole位於jdk的bin目錄中
步驟一:打開jconsole.exejsp
能夠看到咱們的程序,點擊鏈接。
步驟二:在jconsole窗口中查看線程堆棧信息
步驟三:堆棧中查看到死鎖信息
點擊「檢測死鎖」,能夠看到程序死鎖信息。
上圖中能夠看到詳細的死鎖信息,和jstack中信息相似。
經過jdk提供的工具VisualVM排查死鎖問題
VisualVM:jdk提供的一個很是強大的排查java程序問題的一個工具,能夠監控程序的性能、查看jvm配置信息、堆快照、線程堆棧信息。算是程序優化的必備工具。工具位於jdk的bin目錄中。
步驟一:打開VisualVM.exe
步驟二:在visualvm中查看咱們的目標程序
目標程序在visualvm左側窗口中,雙擊便可打開。
步驟三:切換到「線程」窗口
步驟四:查看堆棧信息
在線程窗口中點擊「線程Dump」按鈕
能夠看到產生了一個線程堆棧快照
線程堆棧快照的信息和jstack查看到的信息同樣,便可發現死鎖代碼。
總結
程序中介紹了3中排查死鎖的方法,使用到的都是jdk提供給咱們的工具,這些工具對於咱們優化程序來講,是很是好的,咱們必定要掌握。
歡迎工做一到五年的Java工程師朋友們加入Java程序員開發: 721575865
羣內提供免費的Java架構學習資料(裏面有高可用、高併發、高性能及分佈式、Jvm性能調優、Spring源碼,MyBatis,Netty,Redis,Kafka,Mysql,Zookeeper,Tomcat,Docker,Dubbo,Nginx等多個知識點的架構資料)合理利用本身每一分每一秒的時間來學習提高本身,不要再用"沒有時間「來掩飾本身思想上的懶惰!趁年輕,使勁拼,給將來的本身一個交代!