理解 go 的 sort

sort 包 在內部實現了四種基本的排序算法:插入排序(insertionSort)、歸併排序(symMerge)、堆排序(heapSort)和快速排序(quickSort); sort 包會依據實際數據自動選擇最優的排序算法。因此咱們寫代碼時只須要考慮實現 sort.Interface 這個類型就能夠了。golang

源碼

源碼包 sort sort 包定義了Interface接口,包含一下三個方法,只要實現了這個接口,就能夠調用sort包中的排序方法。算法

type Interface interface {
    // Len is the number of elements in the collection.
    Len() int
    // Less reports whether the element with
    // index i should sort before the element with index j.
    Less(i, j int) bool
    // Swap swaps the elements with indexes i and j.
    Swap(i, j int)
}
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先看看 sort 包自己對於 []int 類型如何排序json

# sort/sort.go
// IntSlice attaches the methods of Interface to []int, sorting in increasing order.
type IntSlice []int

func (p IntSlice) Len() int           { return len(p) }
func (p IntSlice) Less(i, j int) bool { return p[i] < p[j] }
func (p IntSlice) Swap(i, j int)      { p[i], p[j] = p[j], p[i] }

// Sort is a convenience method.
func (p IntSlice) Sort() { Sort(p) }
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IntSlice 使用的是 快速排序app

# sort/sort.go
// Sort sorts data.
// It makes one call to data.Len to determine n, and O(n*log(n)) calls to
// data.Less and data.Swap. The sort is not guaranteed to be stable.
func Sort(data Interface) {
	n := data.Len()
	quickSort(data, 0, n, maxDepth(n))
}
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sort 包 在內部實現了四種基本的排序算法:插入排序(insertionSort)、歸併排序(symMerge)、堆排序(heapSort)和快速排序(quickSort); sort 包會依據實際數據自動選擇最優的排序算法。因此咱們寫代碼時只須要考慮實現 sort.Interface 這個類型就能夠了。ui

sort.go文件中還定義了 IsSorted() Reverse() 等方法,只要實現了 Interface 接口,就能夠調用這些方法。this

例子

type TDepartment struct {
	Ctx          context.Context `json:"-" db:"-"`
	DeptId       int64           `json:"f_dept_id" db:"f_dept_id"`
	CorpId       int64           `json:"f_corp_id" db:"f_corp_id"`
	ParentDeptId int64           `json:"f_parent_dept_id" db:"f_parent_dept_id"`
	Sort         int32           `json:"f_sort" db:"f_sort"`
	DeptName     string          `json:"f_dept_name" db:"f_dept_name"`
	CreateTime   string          `json:"f_create_time" db:"f_create_time"`
	ModifyTime   string          `json:"f_modify_time" db:"f_modify_time"`
}
type TDepartmentSlice []*TDepartment

func (p TDepartmentSlice) Len() int { return len(p) }

// 根據DeptId 排序
func (p TDepartmentSlice) Less(i, j int) bool {
	return p[i].DeptId < p[j].DeptId
}
func (p TDepartmentSlice) Swap(i, j int) { p[i], p[j] = p[j], p[i] }

type SortTDepartmentSliceByCreateTime struct {
	TDepartmentSlice
}

func (this SortTDepartmentSliceByCreateTime) Less(i, j int) bool {
	t1, _ := time.Parse("2006-01-02 15:04:05", this.TDepartmentSlice[i].CreateTime)
	t2, _ := time.Parse("2006-01-02 15:04:05", this.TDepartmentSlice[j].CreateTime)
	return t1.Unix() < t2.Unix()
}

//func (this TDepartmentSlice) Swap(i, j int) { this[i], this[j] = this[j], this[i] }

func main() {
	t1 := TDepartment{
		DeptId:     1,
		CreateTime: "2019-08-10 15:11:12",
	}
	t2 := TDepartment{
		DeptId:     2,
		CreateTime: "2019-08-10 15:11:23",
	}
	t3 := TDepartment{
		DeptId:     4,
		CreateTime: "2019-08-18 15:11:12",
	}
	t4 := TDepartment{
		DeptId:     3,
		CreateTime: "2019-08-08 15:11:12",
	}
	penson := TDepartmentSlice{}
	penson = append(penson, &t1, &t2, &t3, &t4)
	for _, v := range penson {
		fmt.Println(fmt.Sprintf("deptId:%v.createTime:%v", v.DeptId, v.CreateTime))
	}
	sort.Sort(TDepartmentSlice(penson))
	for _, v := range penson {
		fmt.Println(fmt.Sprintf("deptId:%v.createTime:%v", v.DeptId, v.CreateTime))
	}
	sort.Sort(SortTDepartmentSliceByCreateTime{penson})
	for _, v := range penson {
		fmt.Println(fmt.Sprintf("deptId:%v.createTime:%v",v.DeptId,v.CreateTime))
	}
}
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總結

  • 若是要對slice實現排序,就須要實現 Interface接口
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