【python學習筆記】7.更加抽象

【python學習筆記】7.更加抽象

• 類的定義就是執行代碼塊
• 在內存保存一個原始實例，能夠經過類名來訪問
• 類的實例化，是建立一個原始實例的副本, 而且全部成員變量與原始實例綁定
• 經過修改實例變量，能夠解除與原始實例的綁定
• self表示當前實例的引用
• 成員變量也稱爲特性
• __bases__: 基類
• __class__: 對象類型
• __dict__: 全部特性
• python的接口不用顯式的制定對象必須包含哪些方法，只要對象符合當前接口就能夠調用
• 能夠對象上經過賦值的方式，建立變量

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-   # 指定源碼文件編碼,python默認爲ASCII

__metaclass__ = type  # 肯定使用新式類

class Person:
    def setName(self, name): # self 爲是當前實例的引用
        self.name = name
    def getName(self):
        return self.name
    def greet(self):
        print "hello, world! I'm %s." % self.name
    def __inaccessible(self): # 私有函數，外界不能夠訪問
        print "Bet you can't see me..."
    def _inaccessible(self):  # 不會被import導出
        print "Bet you can't see me..."

foo = Person() # 建立對象
bar = Person()

foo.setName("foo")
bar.setName("bar")

print foo.getName()
print bar.getName()

foo.greet()
bar.greet()

#foo.__inaccessible()
foo._inaccessible()


print "------------------------"

'''
'''


class MemberCounter:
    print "class MemberCounter begin defined"
    members = 0
    members2 = 0
    def init(self):
        MemberCounter.members += 1
        MemberCounter.members2 += 1


m1 = MemberCounter()
m1.init()
m2 = MemberCounter()
m2.init()

print "----"
print "m1.members", m1.members
print "m2.members", m2.members
print "MemberCounter.members", MemberCounter.members
print "----"


print "modify m1.members"
m1.members='m1'

print "----"
print "m1.members", m1.members
print "m2.members", m2.members
print "MemberCounter.members", MemberCounter.members
print "----"


print "modify MemberCounter.members"
MemberCounter.members = "MemberCounter"

print "----"
print "m1.members", m1.members
print "m2.members", m2.members
print "MemberCounter.members", MemberCounter.members
print "----"

print "create m3"
m3=MemberCounter()
print "----"
print "m1.members", m1.members, "m1.members2", m1.members2
print "m2.members", m2.members, "m2.members2", m2.members2
print "m3.members", m3.members, "m3.members2", m3.members2
print "MemberCounter.members", MemberCounter.members, "MemberCounter.members2", MemberCounter.members2
print "----"


print "modify MemberCounter.members2"
MemberCounter.members2= "members2"

print "----"
print "m1.members", m1.members, "m1.members2", m1.members2
print "m2.members", m2.members, "m2.members2", m2.members2
print "m3.members", m3.members, "m3.members2", m3.members2
print "MemberCounter.members", MemberCounter.members, "MemberCounter.members2", MemberCounter.members2
print "----"


m3.members2="m3.members2"
MemberCounter.members2= "members2 last"

print "----"
print "m1.members", m1.members, "m1.members2", m1.members2
print "m2.members", m2.members, "m2.members2", m2.members2
print "m3.members", m3.members, "m3.members2", m3.members2
print "MemberCounter.members", MemberCounter.members, "MemberCounter.members2", MemberCounter.members2
print "----"



'''
'''

print "---------------------"

class Filter:
    def init(self):
        self.blocked = [] # 建立成員變量
    def filter(self, sequence):
        return [x for x in sequence if x not in self.blocked]

class SPAMFilter(Filter): # 繼承，能夠是逗號分隔的多個基類
    def init(self): # 重載
        self.blocked = ['SPAM']


f = Filter()
f.init()
print f.filter([1,2,3])

s = SPAMFilter()
s.init()
print s.filter(["SPAM", "SPAM","SPAM","SPAM",  "eggs", "bacom" ])




print "---------------------"
class C:
    def dis(self):
        self.c=1
        print self.c

c=C()
c.dis()
c.cc=3
print "c.cc", c.cc

print "c.__dict__", c.__dict__
print "C.__dict__", C.__dict__


print "Filter.__dict__", Filter.__dict__
print "f.__dict__", f.__dict__
print "s.__dict__", s.__dict__

print "m1.__dict__", m1.__dict__
print "m2.__dict__", m2.__dict__
print "m3.__dict__", m3.__dict__
print "MemberCounter.__dict__", MemberCounter.__dict__