C# 表達式樹遍歷(二)

1、前言

上一篇咱們對錶達式樹有了初步的認識,這裏咱們將對錶達式樹進行遍歷,只有弄清楚了他的運行原理,咱們才能夠對他進行定製化修改。html

表達式系列目錄node

C# 表達式樹講解(一)express

C# 表達式樹遍歷(二)api

 C# 表達式樹分頁擴展(三)數據結構

C# 表達式樹Lambda擴展(四)app

2、表達式樹的遍歷

要查看錶達式樹的遍歷,確定不能直接用.Net Framework封裝的方法,由於.Net Framework框架是閉源的,除了看中間語言(IL)去查看。咱們就用ExpressionVisitor類查看一下他的運行原理,看了下ExpressionVisitor類,裏面都是對各個表達式的訪問,並且都是虛擬函數,咱們能夠對他進行override。框架

ExpressionVisitor類裏面都是對各個類型的表達式進行訪問,爲了更好的理解裏面的訪問順序,蝸牛把裏面的虛函數都override了一遍,而後跟蹤裏面的執行順序。【傻眼了,35個虛函數須要override,心裏是很拒絕的,vs2019有沒有重寫父類虛函數的快捷鍵啊!!!!!!!】ide

ExpressionVisitor類相關介紹:https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-cn/dotnet/api/system.linq.expressions.expressionvisitor?view=netframework-4.8函數

2.一、ExpressionVisitor類的跟蹤

爲了避免改變ExpressionVisitor類原來的訪問,建立的SnailExpressionVisitor.cs 文件只在重寫方法裏面添加日誌打印。oop

代碼以下:

public class SnailExpressionVisitor : ExpressionVisitor
    {
        public override Expression Visit(Expression node)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"訪問了 Visit,內容:{node.ToString()}");
            return base.Visit(node);
        }

        protected override CatchBlock VisitCatchBlock(CatchBlock node)
        {

            Console.WriteLine($"訪問了 VisitCatchBlock,內容:{node.ToString()}");
            return base.VisitCatchBlock(node);
        }

        protected override ElementInit VisitElementInit(ElementInit node)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"訪問了 VisitElementInit,內容:{node.ToString()}");
            return base.VisitElementInit(node);
        }
        protected override LabelTarget VisitLabelTarget(LabelTarget node)
        {

            Console.WriteLine($"訪問了 VisitLabelTarget,內容:{node.ToString()}");
            return base.VisitLabelTarget(node);
        }
        protected override MemberAssignment VisitMemberAssignment(MemberAssignment node)
        {

            Console.WriteLine($"訪問了 VisitMemberAssignment,內容:{node.ToString()}");
            return base.VisitMemberAssignment(node);
        }
        protected override MemberBinding VisitMemberBinding(MemberBinding node)
        {

            Console.WriteLine($"訪問了 VisitMemberBinding,內容:{node.ToString()}");
            return base.VisitMemberBinding(node);
        }

        protected override MemberListBinding VisitMemberListBinding(MemberListBinding node)
        {

            Console.WriteLine($"訪問了 VisitMemberListBinding,內容:{node.ToString()}");
            return base.VisitMemberListBinding(node);
        }
        protected override MemberMemberBinding VisitMemberMemberBinding(MemberMemberBinding node)
        {

            Console.WriteLine($"訪問了 VisitMemberMemberBinding,內容:{node.ToString()}");
            return base.VisitMemberMemberBinding(node);
        }
        protected override SwitchCase VisitSwitchCase(SwitchCase node)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"訪問了 VisitSwitchCase,內容:{node.ToString()}");
            return base.VisitSwitchCase(node);
        }
        protected override Expression VisitBinary(BinaryExpression node)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"訪問了 VisitBinary,內容:{node.ToString()}");
            return base.VisitBinary(node);
        }
        protected override Expression VisitBlock(BlockExpression node)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"訪問了 VisitBlock,內容:{node.ToString()}");
            return base.VisitBlock(node);
        }

        protected override Expression VisitConditional(ConditionalExpression node)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"訪問了 VisitConditional,內容:{node.ToString()}");
            return base.VisitConditional(node);
        }

        protected override Expression VisitConstant(ConstantExpression node)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"訪問了 VisitConstant,內容:{node.ToString()}");
            return base.VisitConstant(node);
        }
        protected override Expression VisitDebugInfo(DebugInfoExpression node)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"訪問了 VisitDebugInfo,內容:{node.ToString()}");
            return base.VisitDebugInfo(node);
        }
        protected override Expression VisitDefault(DefaultExpression node)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"訪問了 VisitDefault,內容:{node.ToString()}");
            return base.VisitDefault(node);
        }

        protected override Expression VisitDynamic(DynamicExpression node)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"訪問了 VisitDynamic,內容:{node.ToString()}");
            return base.VisitDynamic(node);
        }
        protected override Expression VisitExtension(Expression node)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"訪問了 VisitExtension,內容:{node.ToString()}");
            return base.VisitExtension(node);
        }
        protected override Expression VisitGoto(GotoExpression node)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"訪問了 VisitGoto,內容:{node.ToString()}");
            return base.VisitGoto(node);
        }
        protected override Expression VisitIndex(IndexExpression node)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"訪問了 VisitIndex,內容:{node.ToString()}");
            return base.VisitIndex(node);
        }
        protected override Expression VisitInvocation(InvocationExpression node)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"訪問了 VisitInvocation,內容:{node.ToString()}");
            return base.VisitInvocation(node);
        }
        protected override Expression VisitLabel(LabelExpression node)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"訪問了 VisitLabel,內容:{node.ToString()}");
            return base.VisitLabel(node);
        }
        protected override Expression VisitLambda<T>(Expression<T> node)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"訪問了 VisitLambda,內容:{node.ToString()}");
            return base.VisitLambda(node);
        }

        protected override Expression VisitListInit(ListInitExpression node)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"訪問了 VisitListInit,內容:{node.ToString()}");
            return base.VisitListInit(node);
        }
        protected override Expression VisitLoop(LoopExpression node)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"訪問了 VisitLoop,內容:{node.ToString()}");
            return base.VisitLoop(node);
        }
        protected override Expression VisitMember(MemberExpression node)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"訪問了 VisitMember,內容:{node.ToString()}");
            return base.VisitMember(node);
        }
        protected override Expression VisitMemberInit(MemberInitExpression node)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"訪問了 VisitMemberInit,內容:{node.ToString()}");
            return base.VisitMemberInit(node);
        }
        protected override Expression VisitMethodCall(MethodCallExpression node)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"訪問了 VisitMethodCall,內容:{node.ToString()}");
            return base.VisitMethodCall(node);
        }
        protected override Expression VisitNew(NewExpression node)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"訪問了 VisitNew,內容:{node.ToString()}");
            return base.VisitNew(node);
        }
        protected override Expression VisitNewArray(NewArrayExpression node)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"訪問了 VisitNewArray,內容:{node.ToString()}");
            return base.VisitNewArray(node);
        }

        protected override Expression VisitParameter(ParameterExpression node)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"訪問了 VisitParameter,內容:{node.ToString()}");
            return base.VisitParameter(node);
        }
        protected override Expression VisitRuntimeVariables(RuntimeVariablesExpression node)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"訪問了 VisitRuntimeVariables,內容:{node.ToString()}");
            return base.VisitRuntimeVariables(node);
        }

        protected override Expression VisitSwitch(SwitchExpression node)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"訪問了 VisitSwitch,內容:{node.ToString()}");
            return base.VisitSwitch(node);
        }
        protected override Expression VisitTry(TryExpression node)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"訪問了 VisitTry,內容:{node.ToString()}");
            return base.VisitTry(node);
        }

        protected override Expression VisitTypeBinary(TypeBinaryExpression node)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"訪問了 VisitTypeBinary,內容:{node.ToString()}");
            return base.VisitTypeBinary(node);
        }
        protected override Expression VisitUnary(UnaryExpression node)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"訪問了 VisitUnary,內容:{node.ToString()}");
            return base.VisitUnary(node);
        }



    }

調用方法:

Expression<Func<int, int, bool>> fun = (x, y) => x - y > 5;

var treeModifier = new SnailExpressionVisitor();
Expression modifiedExpr = treeModifier.Visit(fun);

運行結果:

image

從打印的日誌裏面能夠看出,

一、每次訪問表達式類時,都會先去調用Visit函數,估計他是在Visit裏面斷定表達式類,而後在根據表達式類的類型,調用訪問改表達式的函數

二、對Lambda表達式類,是先訪問的是Expression<T>。Expression<T>是否是很熟悉,上一章說過他的做用是將強類型Lambda表達式表示爲表達式樹形式的數據結構,解析成功以後纔對表達式的訪問

三、對於表達式先解析的是左邊,左邊的內容解析完了以後在解析右邊,如(x-y)>5,解析的順序是:x-y=>x=>y=>5

2.二、修改表達式樹

既然咱們弄清楚了表達式樹的訪問,如今咱們就能夠對他進行編輯修改了。

上面咱們判斷的是x-y>5,如今咱們規定,將「-」改爲「+」,「>」改爲「>=」

對VisitBinary方法修改代碼以下:

protected override Expression VisitBinary(BinaryExpression node)
{
    Console.WriteLine($"訪問了 VisitBinary,內容:{node.ToString()}");
    if (node.NodeType == ExpressionType.GreaterThan)
    {
        Expression left = this.Visit(node.Left);
        Expression right = this.Visit(node.Right);

        var result = Expression.MakeBinary(ExpressionType.GreaterThanOrEqual, left, right, node.IsLiftedToNull, node.Method);
        Console.WriteLine($"訪問了 VisitBinary,更改以後的內容:{result.ToString()}");
        return result;
    }
    else if (node.NodeType == ExpressionType.Subtract || node.NodeType == ExpressionType.SubtractChecked)
    {
        Expression left = this.Visit(node.Left);
        Expression right = this.Visit(node.Right);

        var result = Expression.MakeBinary(ExpressionType.Add, left, right, node.IsLiftedToNull, node.Method);
        Console.WriteLine($"訪問了 VisitBinary,更改以後的內容:{result.ToString()}");
        return result;
    }
    else
    {
        return base.VisitBinary(node);
    }
}

調用方法:

Expression<Func<int, int, bool>> fun = (x, y) => x - y > 5;

var treeModifier = new SnailExpressionVisitor();
Expression modifiedExpr = treeModifier.Visit(fun);

Console.WriteLine($"Lambda的轉換最後結果:{modifiedExpr.ToString()}");

運行結果以下

image

3、總結

對錶達樹的講解已經完成了,可是說了這麼久,對真實的開發有什麼做用呢?後面我將利用Lambda表達式寫一個對現有數據分頁的公共方法,同時在對Dapper的擴展也會用到相關知識點,你們拭目以待吧……

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