Linux下安裝MySQL 5.7

時間  2019-12-22
標籤 linux 安裝 mysql 5.7 欄目 Linux 简体版
原文   原文鏈接

本次將在Linux下經過yum安裝MySQL，安裝的版本爲MySQL 5.7，官網中是最新版本8.0，在網上查了下，發現最新版本的yum源也包含了舊版本，而咱們，只須要在安裝時啓用 5.7 的安裝便可。mysql

本人環境：CentOS 7.3 64位sql

  • 1.檢查CentOS是否有系統自帶的mysql

yum list installed |grep mysqlvim

若是存在系統自帶的mysql及依賴，則經過 yum remove 將其卸載oracle

  • 2.在官網中獲取yum源

官網下載界面

獲取下載連接

這裏獲取到的是最新版本的下載地址：https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpmapp

  • 3.CentOS中下載rpm包，並安裝本地mysql源

下載rpm包：wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm --no-check-certificate
安裝mysql源：yum localinstall mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpmide

經過 yum localinstall 安裝mysql源，能夠幫助咱們解決本地rpm包的依賴問題。post

最後，驗證是否安裝成功：yum repolist all | grep mysqlui

驗證是否安裝成功

  • 4.修改默認安裝版本爲5.7

從上面的圖片，咱們能夠看到，默認是MySQL 8.0可用，咱們若想安裝MySQL 5.7，則需啓用5.7。接下來經過直接修改配置文件來設置啓用。this

vim /etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo3d

輸入上面的命令，在編輯界面，先輸入 i 進入編輯模式，將8.0的 enabled 設置爲0，將5.7的 enabled 設置爲1，以下：

image.png

接着按 Esc 退出編輯模式，最後輸入 :wq 保存並退出。

再次輸入命令：yum repolist all | grep mysql ，能夠看到8.0已被禁用，而5.7是啓用的。

驗證結果

  • 5.安裝MySQL

yum install mysql-community-server

輸入上面命令，進行安裝便可。

[root@wintest mysql]# yum install mysql-community-server
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.7.27-1.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-common(x86-64) = 5.7.27-1.el7 for package: mysql-community-server-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-client(x86-64) >= 5.7.9 for package: mysql-community-server-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.4)(64bit) for package: mysql-community-server-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.1)(64bit) for package: mysql-community-server-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libaio.so.1()(64bit) for package: mysql-community-server-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package libaio.x86_64 0:0.3.109-13.el7 will be installed
---> Package mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.7.27-1.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-libs(x86-64) >= 5.7.9 for package: mysql-community-client-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64
---> Package mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.7.27-1.el7 will be installed
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.52-1.el7 will be obsoleted
--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit) for package: 2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.18(libmysqlclient_18)(64bit) for package: 2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64
---> Package mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.7.27-1.el7 will be obsoleting
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql-community-libs-compat.x86_64 0:5.7.27-1.el7 will be obsoleting
---> Package postfix.x86_64 2:2.10.1-6.el7 will be updated
---> Package postfix.x86_64 2:2.10.1-7.el7 will be an update
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

====================================================================================
 Package                       Arch     Version           Repository           Size
====================================================================================
Installing:
 mysql-community-libs          x86_64   5.7.27-1.el7      mysql57-community   2.2 M
     replacing  mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.52-1.el7
 mysql-community-libs-compat   x86_64   5.7.27-1.el7      mysql57-community   2.0 M
     replacing  mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.52-1.el7
 mysql-community-server        x86_64   5.7.27-1.el7      mysql57-community   165 M
Installing for dependencies:
 libaio                        x86_64   0.3.109-13.el7    base                 24 k
 mysql-community-client        x86_64   5.7.27-1.el7      mysql57-community    24 M
 mysql-community-common        x86_64   5.7.27-1.el7      mysql57-community   275 k
Updating for dependencies:
 postfix                       x86_64   2:2.10.1-7.el7    base                2.4 M

Transaction Summary
====================================================================================
Install  3 Packages (+3 Dependent packages)
Upgrade             ( 1 Dependent package)

Total download size: 197 M
Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
Downloading packages:
Delta RPMs disabled because /usr/bin/applydeltarpm not installed.
(1/7): libaio-0.3.109-13.el7.x86_64.rpm                      |  24 kB  00:00:00     
warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/mysql57-community/packages/mysql-community-common-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Public key for mysql-community-common-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm is not installed
(2/7): mysql-community-common-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm        | 275 kB  00:00:01     
(3/7): mysql-community-libs-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm          | 2.2 MB  00:00:01     
(4/7): mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm   | 2.0 MB  00:00:01     
(5/7): postfix-2.10.1-7.el7.x86_64.rpm                       | 2.4 MB  00:00:00     
(6/7): mysql-community-client-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm        |  24 MB  00:00:34     
(7/7): mysql-community-server-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm        | 165 MB  00:00:52     
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                                                  3.5 MB/s | 197 MB  00:56     
Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
Importing GPG key 0x5072E1F5:
 Userid     : "MySQL Release Engineering <mysql-build@oss.oracle.com>"
 Fingerprint: a4a9 4068 76fc bd3c 4567 70c8 8c71 8d3b 5072 e1f5
 Package    : mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch (installed)
 From       : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  Installing : mysql-community-common-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64                       1/9 
  Installing : mysql-community-libs-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64                         2/9 
  Installing : mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64                  3/9 
  Installing : mysql-community-client-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64                       4/9 
  Installing : libaio-0.3.109-13.el7.x86_64                                     5/9 
  Installing : mysql-community-server-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64                       6/9 
  Updating   : 2:postfix-2.10.1-7.el7.x86_64                                    7/9 
  Cleanup    : 2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64                                    8/9 
  Erasing    : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64                               9/9 
  Verifying  : mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64                  1/9 
  Verifying  : mysql-community-common-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64                       2/9 
  Verifying  : mysql-community-libs-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64                         3/9 
  Verifying  : 2:postfix-2.10.1-7.el7.x86_64                                    4/9 
  Verifying  : mysql-community-server-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64                       5/9 
  Verifying  : mysql-community-client-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64                       6/9 
  Verifying  : libaio-0.3.109-13.el7.x86_64                                     7/9 
  Verifying  : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64                               8/9 
  Verifying  : 2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64                                    9/9 

Installed:
  mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.7.27-1.el7                                        
  mysql-community-libs-compat.x86_64 0:5.7.27-1.el7                                 
  mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.7.27-1.el7                                      

Dependency Installed:
  libaio.x86_64 0:0.3.109-13.el7                                                    
  mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.7.27-1.el7                                      
  mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.7.27-1.el7                                      

Dependency Updated:
  postfix.x86_64 2:2.10.1-7.el7                                                     

Replaced:
  mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.52-1.el7                                                

Complete!
  • 6.啓用MySQL

在CentOS 6中，咱們通常經過 service mysqld start 來啓動mysql，在CentOS 7中，若是直接輸入 service mysqld start ，則會出現如下信息：

啓用mysql

這是由於 CentOS 7 下重啓服務再也不經過 service 操做，而是經過 systemctl 操做，所以咱們能夠輸入命令：

啓動mysql：systemctl start mysqld.service
查看mysql狀態：systemctl status mysqld.service

查看mysql服務狀態

  • 7.登陸mysql

mysql -u root -p

登陸mysql

在要求輸入密碼時，由於mysql 5.7的初始密碼不是空，直接按回車鍵不能成功登陸，所以需先找到初始密碼，才能登陸。

grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log

獲取初始密碼

如上，最後的內容就是初始密碼。

再次登陸，輸入初始密碼，便可成功登陸。

再次登陸

第一次登陸成功後，發現不能執行操做，同時提示讓修改密碼。

  • 8.修改登陸密碼

alter user root@localhost identified by '新密碼'

修改密碼失敗

這裏，我想設置新密碼爲 123456，但出現了報錯，這裏的報錯是mysql的密碼策略問題，輸入命令：show variables like 'validate_password%'，查看 mysql 初始的密碼策略，發現密碼的最小長度爲8，密碼的驗證強度等級爲MEDIUM，能夠修改一下密碼策略：

設置密碼的驗證強度等級：set global validate_password_policy=LOW
設置密碼的最小長度：set global validate_password_length=6

修改密碼策略

好了，這時咱們再次執行修改密碼的sql，便不會報錯了。

最後經過 flush privileges 刷新權限，使當前操做當即生效，就大功告成了。

修改密碼成功

注意：最後這裏，也能夠不修改密碼策略，只要本身設置的密碼知足MySQL的原密碼策略便可。

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