解除openstack中instance對IP的限制(在虛擬機中飄VIP)

最近公司的幾個關鍵業務跑在openstack中的虛擬機中,想把幾個虛擬機作成負載均衡和高可用集羣。node


對於負載均衡,G版本已經集成了haproxy插件,對haproxy的配置作了一層封裝,能夠很方便的經過quantum去建立一個負載均衡池,爲相同或者不一樣宿主機上的虛擬機提供負載均衡的能力。python


在這個模式下,haproxy是運行在宿主機上的。linux

遺憾的是,目前還不能經過openstack作到haproxy的高可用。負載均衡


想要作高可用,只能在虛擬機中去飄VIP了python2.7


可是建立了虛擬機以後,在這個虛擬機實例中只能使用指定的IP。tcp

這就致使想在虛擬機中部署高可用去飄VIP是不可行的。ide


能夠理解,在公有云環境下,是不可能讓用戶在虛擬機中隨意去配置額外地址的。測試

但咱們是私有云環境,這個規則對私有云環境下非常麻煩。ui

在openstack中建立虛擬機,經過nova boot的--nic選項指定網卡和IP地址:spa

--nic net-id=${NETWORK_ID},v4-fixed-ip=${Host_IP}


以前一直覺得是iptables規則致使的。因而去看了一遍宿主機中的iptables規則

root@node1:~# iptables -vnL

Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 3556K packets, 744M bytes)

pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination

1778K 372M nova-compute-INPUT all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0


Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes)

pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination

150 13488 nova-filter-top all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0

6 1392 nova-compute-FORWARD all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0


Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 4208K packets, 567M bytes)

pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination

4202K 567M nova-filter-top all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0

2106K 284M nova-compute-OUTPUT all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0


Chain nova-compute-FORWARD (1 references)

pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination

4 1312 ACCEPT udp -- * * 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 udp spt:68 dpt:67

2 80 ACCEPT all -- brq3eefcd79-07 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0

0 0 ACCEPT all -- * brq3eefcd79-07 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0


Chain nova-compute-INPUT (1 references)

pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination

2 656 ACCEPT udp -- * * 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 udp spt:68 dpt:67


Chain nova-compute-OUTPUT (1 references)

pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination


Chain nova-compute-inst-15 (1 references)

pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination

0 0 DROP all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state INVALID

0 0 ACCEPT all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state RELATED,ESTABLISHED

0 0 nova-compute-provider all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0

0 0 ACCEPT udp -- * * 10.16.0.102 0.0.0.0/0 udp spt:67 dpt:68

0 0 ACCEPT all -- * * 10.16.0.0/24 0.0.0.0/0

0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 multiport dports 1:65535

0 0 ACCEPT udp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 multiport dports 1:65535

0 0 ACCEPT icmp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0

0 0 ACCEPT icmp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 icmptype 8 code 8

0 0 nova-compute-sg-fallback all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0


Chain nova-compute-inst-17 (1 references)

pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination

0 0 DROP all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state INVALID

0 0 ACCEPT all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state RELATED,ESTABLISHED

0 0 nova-compute-provider all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0

0 0 ACCEPT udp -- * * 10.16.0.102 0.0.0.0/0 udp spt:67 dpt:68

0 0 ACCEPT all -- * * 10.16.0.0/24 0.0.0.0/0

0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 multiport dports 1:65535

0 0 ACCEPT udp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 multiport dports 1:65535

0 0 ACCEPT icmp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0

0 0 ACCEPT icmp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 icmptype 8 code 8

0 0 nova-compute-sg-fallback all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0


Chain nova-compute-local (1 references)

pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination

0 0 nova-compute-inst-15 all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 10.16.0.111

0 0 nova-compute-inst-17 all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 10.16.0.131


Chain nova-compute-provider (2 references)

pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination


Chain nova-compute-sg-fallback (2 references)

pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination

0 0 DROP all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0


Chain nova-filter-top (2 references)

pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination

2106K 284M nova-compute-local all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0


分析一下這些openstack自動生成的規則,能夠看到input,forword和output鏈默認都是accept狀態。分析每條鏈對數據包的跳轉和過濾,若是在虛擬機中配置新的地址,是不會被過濾的。


通過一番折騰,最終發現限制IP的緣由是ebtables在起做用

root@node1:~# ebtables -t nat -L

Bridge table: nat


Bridge chain: PREROUTING, entries: 2, policy: ACCEPT

-i tap0678bf1d-41 -j libvirt-I-tap0678bf1d-41

-i tap496fa038-9e -j libvirt-I-tap496fa038-9e


Bridge chain: OUTPUT, entries: 0, policy: ACCEPT


Bridge chain: POSTROUTING, entries: 0, policy: ACCEPT


Bridge chain: libvirt-I-tap0678bf1d-41, entries: 4, policy: ACCEPT

-j I-tap0678bf1d-41-mac

-p IPv4 -j I-tap0678bf1d-41-ipv4-ip

-p ARP -j I-tap0678bf1d-41-arp-mac

-p ARP -j I-tap0678bf1d-41-arp-ip


Bridge chain: I-tap0678bf1d-41-mac, entries: 2, policy: ACCEPT

-s fa:16:3e:a6:5f:70 -j RETURN

-j DROP


Bridge chain: I-tap0678bf1d-41-ipv4-ip, entries: 3, policy: ACCEPT

-p IPv4 --ip-src 0.0.0.0 --ip-proto udp -j RETURN

-p IPv4 --ip-src 10.16.0.131 -j RETURN

-j DROP


Bridge chain: I-tap0678bf1d-41-arp-mac, entries: 2, policy: ACCEPT

-p ARP --arp-mac-src fa:16:3e:a6:5f:70 -j RETURN

-j DROP


Bridge chain: I-tap0678bf1d-41-arp-ip, entries: 2, policy: ACCEPT

-p ARP --arp-ip-src 10.16.0.131 -j RETURN

-j DROP


Bridge chain: libvirt-I-tap496fa038-9e, entries: 4, policy: ACCEPT

-j I-tap496fa038-9e-mac

-p IPv4 -j I-tap496fa038-9e-ipv4-ip

-p ARP -j I-tap496fa038-9e-arp-mac

-p ARP -j I-tap496fa038-9e-arp-ip


Bridge chain: I-tap496fa038-9e-mac, entries: 2, policy: ACCEPT

-s fa:16:3e:58:1:ac -j RETURN

-j DROP


Bridge chain: I-tap496fa038-9e-ipv4-ip, entries: 3, policy: ACCEPT

-p IPv4 --ip-src 0.0.0.0 --ip-proto udp -j RETURN

-p IPv4 --ip-src 10.16.0.111 -j RETURN

-j DROP


Bridge chain: I-tap496fa038-9e-arp-mac, entries: 2, policy: ACCEPT

-p ARP --arp-mac-src fa:16:3e:58:1:ac -j RETURN

-j DROP


Bridge chain: I-tap496fa038-9e-arp-ip, entries: 2, policy: ACCEPT

-p ARP --arp-ip-src 10.16.0.111 -j RETURN

-j DROP


ebtables是linux專門作二層數據鏈路層過濾的。


在經過nova建立虛擬機後,會生成libvirt的一個xml配置文件

路徑在:/etc/libvirt/nwfilter/nova-base.xml

裏面定義瞭如下規則,這些規則限制了在虛擬機上的地址,在二層上就作了過濾

<filter name='nova-base' chain='root'>

<uuid>12ec8693-253a-7db0-7cd3-f8cc0a1e1b02</uuid>

<filterref filter='no-mac-spoofing'/>

<filterref filter='no-ip-spoofing'/>

<filterref filter='no-arp-spoofing'/>

<filterref filter='allow-dhcp-server'/>

</filter>


而後爲每一個虛擬機建立一個xml文件,每一個虛擬機的xml配置中包含了nova-base.xml中的配置

打開其中一個虛擬機的xml配置,能夠看到,這個配置文件中只放行了指定IP在二層上能夠經過,因此其它手動配置的地址是不可用的。

cat /etc/libvirt/nwfilter/nova-instance-instance-0000000f-fa163e5801ac.xml

<filter name='nova-instance-instance-0000000f-fa163e5801ac' chain='root'>

<uuid>972d18be-2db0-4bf2-2853-a0a61beac036</uuid>

<filterref filter='nova-base'>

<parameter name='DHCPSERVER' value='10.16.0.102'/>

<parameter name='IP' value='10.16.0.111'/>

<parameter name='PROJMASK' value='255.255.255.0'/>

<parameter name='PROJNET' value='10.16.0.0'/>

</filterref>

</filter>


libvirt能夠經過在這些xml配置的規則,去生成ebtables規則,最終是ebtables作出限制。


如何破解?

修改nova-base.xml文件

註釋掉如下三行

<filterref filter='no-mac-spoofing'/>

<filterref filter='no-ip-spoofing'/>

<filterref filter='no-arp-spoofing'/>

而後重啓libvirt進程,libvirt會從新讀取xml中的配置,生成新的ebtables規則。

修改後,我經過新建虛擬機,重啓nova-computer進程,或者直接重啓宿主機,這個base文件都不會發生變化了。


還有就是修改nova源碼(未測試)

源碼位置在

/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/nova/virt/libvirt/firewall.py

第198行(G版本中)

151457483.jpg

去掉no-mac-spoofing,no-ip-spoofing,no-arp-spoofing這三行,之後生成nova-base.xml文件就能夠不包含這3個選項了。

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