Ansible批量更新遠程主機用戶密碼 (包括Ansible批量作ssh互信)

 

按照集團運維信息安全制度, 須要每一個一段時間對線上服務器密碼進行一次變動,經過shell腳本部署比較繁瑣,因此決定採用ansible腳本對遠程主機root密碼進行批量重置,該腳本已經在穩定運行在正式環境下。具體方法以下:html

1)  在服務端安裝ansiblenode

[root@ansible-server ~]# yum install -y ansible

2) 配置ansible到遠程主機的ssh無密碼信任關係 (authoried_keys 模塊)shell

批量實現多臺服務器之間ssh無密碼登陸的相互信任關係, 能夠參考以前的文章:  https://www.cnblogs.com/kevingrace/p/9063745.html
這裏採用Ansible 實現批量創建互信, 方法以下:

首先要生成ansible服務端本機ssh的key 
[root@ansible-server ~]# ssh-keygen -t rsa          //一路回車
[root@ansible-server ~]# ls /root/.ssh/
id_rsa  id_rsa.pub 

====================================================
須要注意ssh創建互信的命令格式:
# ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub username@[ip,hostname]
====================================================

在客戶機比較多的狀況下,使用 ssh-copy-id命令的方法顯然是有些費時,使用ansible-playbook 推送 ymal進行批量建立ssh互信關係就顯得省事多了,
這裏就使用到了ansible的authoried_keys 模塊: 

首先要配置ansible清單 (遠程主機的密碼這裏爲"123456")
[root@ansible-server ~]# vim /etc/ansible/hosts
................
................
[ssh-host]
172.16.60.204
172.16.60.205
172.16.60.206
172.16.60.207

[ssh-host:vars]
ansible_ssh_pass="123456"

==========================================================
發送公鑰到目標機器命令格式以下:
# ansible ssh-host -m copy -a "src=/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub dest=/root/.ssh/authorized_keys mode=600"
==========================================================

編寫playbook文件
[root@ansible-server ~]# vim /opt/ssh_key.yaml
---
  - hosts: ssh-host
    user: root
    tasks:
     - name: ssh-copy
       authorized_key: user=root key="{{ lookup('file', '/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub') }}"

注意上面yaml腳本中的"ssh-key-host"是在/etc/ansible/hosts清單文件裏配置的遠程客戶機列表
這裏作的是基於遠程主機root用戶的ssh互信

執行批量互信
[root@ansible-server ~]# ansible-playbook /opt/ssh_key.yaml

PLAY [ssh-host] ************************************************************************************************************************

TASK [Gathering Facts] *****************************************************************************************************************
ok: [172.16.60.204]
ok: [172.16.60.205]
ok: [172.16.60.206]
ok: [172.16.60.207]

TASK [ssh-copy] ************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [172.16.60.205]
changed: [172.16.60.204]
changed: [172.16.60.206]
changed: [172.16.60.207]

PLAY RECAP *****************************************************************************************************************************
172.16.60.204              : ok=2    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0   
172.16.60.205              : ok=2    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0   
172.16.60.206              : ok=2    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0   
172.16.60.207              : ok=2    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0

最後驗證下ssh互信
[root@ansible-server ~]# ansible -i /etc/ansible/hosts ssh-host -m shell -a "whoami"
172.16.60.204 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>
root

172.16.60.205 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>
root

172.16.60.207 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>
root

172.16.60.206 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>
root

至此, ansible批量建立到遠程客戶機的ssh信任關係已經實現了!

3) Ansible批量更新遠程主機用戶密碼方法vim

方法一:  使用Ansible的user模塊批量修改遠程客戶機的用戶密碼安全

因爲在使用ansible修改用戶密碼的時候不能使用明文的方式,須要先加密,因此就須要使用一個方法對輸入的明文的密碼進行加密.
廢話很少說了. 下面直接記錄下操做方法:

[root@ansible-server ~]# vim /opt/root_passwd.yaml
---
  - hosts: ssh-host
    gather_facts: false
    tasks:
    - name: change user passwd
      user: name={{ item.name }} password={{ item.chpass | password_hash('sha512') }}  update_password=always
      with_items:
           - { name: 'root', chpass: 'kevin@123' }
           - { name: 'app', chpass: 'bjop123' }

注意上面在yaml文件中修改了遠程客戶機的root用戶密碼, app用戶密碼. 
若是還想要修改其餘用戶密碼, 則繼續按照上面規則添加便可!

執行ansible-play
[root@ansible-server ~]# ansible-playbook /opt/root_passwd.yaml 

PLAY [ssh-host] ************************************************************************************************************************

TASK [change user passwd] **************************************************************************************************************
changed: [172.16.60.204] => (item={u'chpass': u'kevin@123', u'name': u'root'})
changed: [172.16.60.205] => (item={u'chpass': u'kevin@123', u'name': u'root'})
changed: [172.16.60.204] => (item={u'chpass': u'bjop123', u'name': u'app'})
changed: [172.16.60.205] => (item={u'chpass': u'bjop123', u'name': u'app'})
changed: [172.16.60.206] => (item={u'chpass': u'kevin@123', u'name': u'root'})
changed: [172.16.60.206] => (item={u'chpass': u'bjop123', u'name': u'app'})
changed: [172.16.60.207] => (item={u'chpass': u'kevin@123', u'name': u'root'})
changed: [172.16.60.207] => (item={u'chpass': u'bjop123', u'name': u'app'})

PLAY RECAP *****************************************************************************************************************************
172.16.60.204              : ok=1    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0   
172.16.60.205              : ok=1    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0   
172.16.60.206              : ok=1    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0   
172.16.60.207              : ok=1    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0 

方法二修改遠程主機的單個用戶密碼使用此方法比較方便bash

編寫playbook文件
[root@ansible-server ~]# vim /opt/root_passwd2.yaml
---
  - hosts: ssh-host
    gather_facts: false
    tasks:
    - name: Change password
      user: name={{ name1 }}  password={{ chpass | password_hash('sha512') }}  update_password=always

執行ansible-playbook,  使用-e參數傳遞用戶名和密碼給劇本,其中root爲用戶名,admin#123就是修改後的root密碼
[root@ansible-server ~]# ansible-playbook /opt/root_passwd2.yaml -e "name1=root chpass=admin#123"            

PLAY [ssh-host] ************************************************************************************************************************

TASK [Change password] *****************************************************************************************************************
changed: [172.16.60.204]
changed: [172.16.60.205]
changed: [172.16.60.206]
changed: [172.16.60.207]

PLAY RECAP *****************************************************************************************************************************
172.16.60.204              : ok=1    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0   
172.16.60.205              : ok=1    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0   
172.16.60.206              : ok=1    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0   
172.16.60.207              : ok=1    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0

方法三:  使用以下Ansible腳本, 適用於修改清單中部分遠程主機的用戶密碼服務器

編寫ansible-playbook腳本 (須要注意下面腳本中"ens192"是客戶機ip所在的網卡設備名稱, 這個要根據本身實際環境去配置, 好比eth0, eth1等)
[root@ansible-server ~]# cat /opt/root_passwd4.yaml 
- hosts: test-host
  remote_user: root
  tasks:
  - name: change password for root
    shell: echo '{{ item.password }}' |passwd --stdin root
    when: ansible_ens192.ipv4.address  == '{{ item.ip }}'
    with_items:
     - { ip: "172.16.60.220", password: 'haha@123' }
     - { ip: "172.16.60.221", password: 'kevin@123' }
     - { ip: "172.16.60.222", password: 'bobo@123' }

 執行ansible-playbook:
 [root@ansible-server ansible]# ansible-playbook /opt/root_passwd3.yaml

PLAY [ssh-host] ************************************************************************************************************************

TASK [Gathering Facts] *****************************************************************************************************************
ok: [172.16.60.204]
ok: [172.16.60.205]
ok: [172.16.60.206]
ok: [172.16.60.207]

TASK [change password for root] ********************************************************************************************************
 [WARNING]: when statements should not include jinja2 templating delimiters such as {{ }} or {% %}. Found: ansible_eth0.ipv4.address
== '{{ item.ip }}'

 [WARNING]: when statements should not include jinja2 templating delimiters such as {{ }} or {% %}. Found: ansible_eth0.ipv4.address
== '{{ item.ip }}'

skipping: [172.16.60.205] => (item={u'ip': u'172.16.60.204', u'password': u'haha@123'}) 
 [WARNING]: when statements should not include jinja2 templating delimiters such as {{ }} or {% %}. Found: ansible_eth0.ipv4.address
== '{{ item.ip }}'

skipping: [172.16.60.206] => (item={u'ip': u'172.16.60.204', u'password': u'haha@123'}) 
skipping: [172.16.60.206] => (item={u'ip': u'172.16.60.205', u'password': u'kevin@123'}) 
 [WARNING]: when statements should not include jinja2 templating delimiters such as {{ }} or {% %}. Found: ansible_eth0.ipv4.address
== '{{ item.ip }}'

skipping: [172.16.60.207] => (item={u'ip': u'172.16.60.204', u'password': u'haha@123'}) 
skipping: [172.16.60.207] => (item={u'ip': u'172.16.60.205', u'password': u'kevin@123'}) 
skipping: [172.16.60.207] => (item={u'ip': u'172.16.60.206', u'password': u'bobo@123'}) 
changed: [172.16.60.205] => (item={u'ip': u'172.16.60.205', u'password': u'kevin@123'})
skipping: [172.16.60.205] => (item={u'ip': u'172.16.60.206', u'password': u'bobo@123'}) 
changed: [172.16.60.204] => (item={u'ip': u'172.16.60.204', u'password': u'haha@123'})
skipping: [172.16.60.204] => (item={u'ip': u'172.16.60.205', u'password': u'kevin@123'}) 
skipping: [172.16.60.204] => (item={u'ip': u'172.16.60.206', u'password': u'bobo@123'}) 
changed: [172.16.60.206] => (item={u'ip': u'172.16.60.206', u'password': u'bobo@123'})

PLAY RECAP *****************************************************************************************************************************
172.16.60.204              : ok=2    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0   
172.16.60.205              : ok=2    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0   
172.16.60.206              : ok=2    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0   
172.16.60.207              : ok=1    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=0

                                                                                                                                                                           

若是ansible服務端沒有和遠程主機作ssh信任關係, 則能夠在hosts清單配置裏直接指明用戶名和密碼.
若是使用普通用戶, 而且容許sudo, 則須要提早在客戶機裏的/etc/sudoers文件裏配置好該普通用戶的sudo配置, 即容許該普通用戶有sudo權限.
 
[root@ansible-server ~]# vim /etc/ansible/hosts
................
[test-host]
172.16.60.220 ansible_ssh_user=root ansible_ssh_pass=123456 ansible_ssh_port=22
172.16.60.221 ansible_ssh_user=root ansible_ssh_pass=bo@123 ansible_ssh_port=22
172.16.60.222 ansible_ssh_user=app ansible_ssh_pass=bj@123 ansible_ssh_port=22 ansible_sudo_pass=bj@123
 
即172.16.60.220客戶機上要提早配置, 容許app用戶具備sudo權限.

執行:
[root@ansible-server ~]# ansible test-host -m shell -a "hostname"                      
172.16.60.222 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>
k8s-node02

172.16.60.220 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>
k8s-master01

172.16.60.221 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>
k8s-node01

[root@ansible-server ~]# ansible -i /etc/ansible/hosts test-host -m shell -a "hostname"
172.16.60.222 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>
k8s-node02

172.16.60.220 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>
k8s-master01

172.16.60.221 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>
k8s-node01
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