一說到ajax跨域。首先想到的就是jsonp 。javascript
JSONP方法是一種非官方方法,並且這種方法只支持GET方式,不如POST方式安全。php
即便使用jQuery的jsonp方法,type設爲POST,也會自動變爲GET。html
官方問題說明:java
「script」: Evaluates the response as JavaScript and returns it as plain text. Disables caching by appending a query string parameter,
「_=[TIMESTAMP]「, to the URL unless the cache option is set to true.Note: This will turn POSTs into GETs for remote-domain requests.
若是跨域使用POST方式,能夠使用建立一個隱藏的iframe來實現,與ajax上傳圖片原理同樣,但這樣會比較麻煩。jquery
所以,經過設置Access-Control-Allow-Origin來實現跨域訪問比較簡單。ajax
例如:客戶端域名:www.aaa.com 服務端域名:www.bbb.comjson
若是直接使用ajax訪問,會有如下錯誤跨域
XMLHttpRequest cannot load http://www.server.com/server.PHP. No 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin' header is present on the requested resource.Origin 'http://www.client.com' is therefore not allowed access.
在被請求的Response header中加入安全
<?php // 指定容許其餘域名訪問 header('Access-Control-Allow-Origin:*'); // 響應類型 header('Access-Control-Allow-Methods:POST'); // 響應頭設置 header('Access-Control-Allow-Headers:x-requested-with,content-type'); ?>
就能夠實現ajax POST跨域訪問了。app
代碼以下:
test.html 路徑:http://www.aaa.com/test.html
<html> <head> <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8"> <title> 跨域測試 </title> <script src="http://code.jquery.com/jquery.js"></script> </head> <body> <div id="show"></div> <script type="text/javascript"> $.post("http://www.bbb.com/test.php",{name:"111",number:"222"}) .done(function(data){
console.log(data); }); </script> </body> </html>
test.php 路徑:http://www.bbb.com/test.php
<?php $data= array( 'name' => isset($_POST['name'])? $_POST['name'] : '', 'number' => isset($_POST['number'])? $_POST['number'] : '' ); header('content-type:application:json;charset=utf8'); header('Access-Control-Allow-Origin:*'); header('Access-Control-Allow-Methods:POST'); header('Access-Control-Allow-Headers:x-requested-with,content-type'); echo json_encode($data); ?>
Access-Control-Allow-Origin:* 表示容許任何域名跨域訪問
若是須要指定某域名才容許跨域訪問,只需把Access-Control-Allow-Origin:*改成Access-Control-Allow-Origin:容許的域名
例如:header('Access-Control-Allow-Origin:http://www.aaa.com');
若是須要設置多個域名容許訪問,這裏須要用php處理一下
例如容許 www.aaa1.com 與 www.aaa2.com 能夠跨域訪問
<?php $ret = array( 'name' => isset($_POST['name'])? $_POST['name'] : '', 'number' => isset($_POST['number'])? $_POST['number'] : '' ); header('content-type:application:json;charset=utf8'); $origin = isset($_SERVER['HTTP_ORIGIN'])? $_SERVER['HTTP_ORIGIN'] : ''; $allow_origin = array( 'http://www.aaa1.com', 'http://www.aaa2.com' ); if(in_array($origin, $allow_origin)){ header('Access-Control-Allow-Origin:'.$origin); header('Access-Control-Allow-Methods:POST'); header('Access-Control-Allow-Headers:x-requested-with,content-type'); } echo json_encode($ret); ?>