舉例網站:https://my.1hai.cn/Login/?url=http://www.1hai.cn/java
1、場景:出於安全性考慮,愈來愈多的Web平臺登陸都會增長圖形驗證碼(圖片),或者短信驗證碼。因爲是圖片腳本selenium是沒法識別的,這是時候咱們解析圖片驗證碼。chrome
解決思路:1.經過selenium定位到圖片,把圖片保存到本地。apache
2 經過ORC技術將圖片驗證碼轉化爲文字。安全
其餘解決方法:A:去掉驗證碼app
B:設置萬能碼
dom
2、Web圖片驗證碼的實現源碼:網站
1 package util; 2 3 import java.awt.Color; 4 import java.awt.Font; 5 import java.awt.Graphics; 6 import java.awt.image.BufferedImage; 7 import java.io.IOException; 8 import java.io.OutputStream; 9 import java.util.Random; 10 import javax.imageio.ImageIO; 11 12 public class MakeCarke { 13 14 // 驗證碼圖片中能夠出現的字符集,可根據須要修改 15 private char mapTable[] = { 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 16 'j', 'k', 'l', 'm', 'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', 'u', 'v', 17 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z', '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', 18 '9' }; 19 20 /** * 功能:生成彩色驗證碼圖片 * 參數width爲生成圖片的寬度,參數height爲生成圖片的高度,參數os爲頁面的輸出流 */ 21 public String getCertPic(int width, int height, OutputStream os) { 22 23 if (width <= 0) { 24 width = 60; 25 } 26 if (height <= 0) { 27 height = 20; 28 } 29 BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, 30 BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB); 31 // 獲取圖形上下文 32 Graphics g = image.getGraphics(); 33 // 設定背景色 34 g.setColor(new Color(0xDCDCDC)); 35 g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height); 36 // 畫邊框 37 g.setColor(Color.black); 38 g.drawRect(0, 0, width - 1, height - 1); 39 // 取隨機產生的認證碼 40 String strEnsure = ""; 41 // 4表明4位驗證碼,若是要生成更多位的認證碼,則加大數值 42 for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i) { 43 strEnsure += mapTable[(int) (mapTable.length * Math.random())]; 44 } 45 // 將認證碼顯示到圖像中,若是要生成更多位的認證碼,增長drawString語句 46 g.setColor(Color.black); 47 g.setFont(new Font("Atlantic Inline", Font.PLAIN, 18)); 48 String str = strEnsure.substring(0, 1); 49 g.drawString(str, 8, 17); 50 str = strEnsure.substring(1, 2); 51 g.drawString(str, 20, 15); 52 str = strEnsure.substring(2, 3); 53 g.drawString(str, 35, 18); 54 str = strEnsure.substring(3, 4); 55 g.drawString(str, 45, 15); 56 57 // 隨機產生10個干擾點 58 Random rand = new Random(); 59 for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { 60 int x = rand.nextInt(width); 61 int y = rand.nextInt(height); 62 g.drawOval(x, y, 1, 1); 63 } 64 // 釋放圖形上下文 65 g.dispose(); 66 try { 67 // 輸出圖像到頁面 68 ImageIO.write(image, "JPEG", os); 69 } catch (IOException e) { 70 return ""; 71 } 72 return strEnsure; 73 74 } 75 76 }
3、selenium+java 實現驗證碼圖片保存ui
1 package com.app.launch; 2 import java.io.File; 3 import java.awt.image.BufferedImage; 4 import java.io.IOException; 5 6 import javax.imageio.ImageIO; 7 8 import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils; 9 import org.openqa.selenium.By; 10 import org.openqa.selenium.OutputType; 11 import org.openqa.selenium.TakesScreenshot; 12 import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; 13 import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement; 14 import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver; 15 16 import com.app.utils.Utils; 17 18 public class OcrDownloadPicture { 19 20 public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { 21 22 public void dowanLoadPictureVerificationCode() throws IOException{ 23 driver.get("https://my.1hai.cn/Login/?url=http://www.1hai.cn/"); 24 WebElement ele = driver.findElement(By.xpath(".//img[@id='quick_imgCaptcha']")); 25 ele.click();
26 Utils.waitABit(2000); 27 File screenshot = ((TakesScreenshot)driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE); 28 BufferedImage fullImg = ImageIO.read(screenshot); // 讀取截圖 29 // 獲得頁面元素 30 org.openqa.selenium.Point point= ele.getLocation(); 31 // 獲得長、寬 32 int eleWidth= ele.getSize().getWidth(); 33 int eleHeight= ele.getSize().getHeight(); 34 35 BufferedImage eleScreenshot= fullImg.getSubimage(point.getX(), point.getY(), eleWidth, eleHeight); 36 ImageIO.write(eleScreenshot, "png", screenshot); 37 // copy 把圖片放對應的生成目錄下 38 File screenshotLocation = new File("E:/Vame/img/test.jpg"); 39 FileUtils.copyFile(screenshot, screenshotLocation); 40 } 41 42 }
4、效果圖url