聲明:本文章爲轉載文章,原文地址:http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-09/106570.htm html
爲了響應公司需求,打造出更安全的mysql集羣,可以實現mysql故障後切換,研究了幾天終於有了成果,一塊兒分享一下。mysql
首先介紹一下這套集羣方案實現的功能linux
一、mysql服務器故障後自動轉移,修好後自動切回sql
二、mysql服務故障自動轉移,修好後自動切回vim
三、能夠實如今幾秒鐘內轉移centos
如下內容均是實驗環境,請根據實際狀況修改響應參數安全
生產環境MySQL主主同步主鍵衝突處理 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-07/86890.htm服務器
MySQL + KeepAlived + LVS 單點寫入主主同步高可用架構實驗 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-05/84002.htm架構
MySQL 主主同步配置 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-05/83815.htmsocket
CentOS 6.3下MySQL主從複製筆記 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-06/85983.htm
Linux下的MySQL主主複製 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-10/91683.htm
實驗環境:
mysql1 ip:10.1.1.20
mysql2 ip:10.1.1.21
mysql vip:10.1.1.25
三臺機器均安裝centos 6.5 32位(虛擬機環境)
實驗開始!!!
1、安裝mysql,並打造主主同步。
相信主從同步你們都會作,同樣的道理,主主同步就是兩臺機器互爲主的關係,在任何一臺機器上寫入都會同步。
安裝mysql的過程不解釋,yum就好啦
配置主主同步
1.配置 /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
user=mysql
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
log-bin=binlog #開啓binlog功能
log-bin-index=binlog.index
sync_binlog=0
server_id = 1 #兩臺機器不能重複,一個1 一個2 就好
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
2.分別在兩臺機器上配置同步帳號
10.1.1.20機器上:
[root@localhost ~]# mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.0.77-log Sourcedistribution
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' toclear the buffer.
mysql> GRANT replication slave ON *.* TO'ab'@'%' identified by '123';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
10.1.1.21機器上:
[root@localhost ~]# mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.0.77-log Sourcedistribution
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' toclear the buffer.
mysql> GRANT replication slave ON *.* TO'ab'@'%' identified by '123';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
注:因爲本文是實驗環境下編寫,因此沒考慮任何安全性問題,同步帳號也是最高權限,請根據實際狀況設置響應權限!!
3.設置同步
10.1.1.20機器上:
mysql> flush tables with read lock;
mysql> show master status;
+---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB |Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| binlog.000003 | 365 | | |
+---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.03 sec)
mysql> unlock tables;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
10.1.1.21機器上:
mysql> change master tomaster_host='10.1.1.20', master_port=3306, master_user='ab',master_password='123', master_log_file='binlog.000003',master_log_pos=365;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.06 sec)
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show slave status \G #執行這命令後 注意觀察下面這兩個參數,必需要都是yes才行
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
一樣的 反過來作相同操做
10.1.1.21機器上:
mysql> flush tables with read lock;
mysql> show master status;
+---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB |Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| binlog.000004 | 207 | | |
+---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.03 sec)
mysql> unlock tables;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
10.1.1.20機器上:
mysql> change master tomaster_host='10.1.1.21', master_port=3306, master_user='ab',master_password='123', master_log_file='binlog.000004',master_log_pos=207;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.06 sec)
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show slave status \G #執行這命令後 注意觀察下面這兩個參數,必需要都是yes才行
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
介此,主主同步打造完成,能夠簡單測試一下,分別在兩個機器上寫數據 看看會不會同步到另外一臺機器上
PS:若是報錯 Slave_IO_Running: NO 能夠檢查同步的帳號是否建立正常!
2、安裝keepalived 並設置監控
keepalived是安裝在兩臺MySQL服務器上的
首先安裝keepalived 過程不解釋就正常解壓安裝就好
安裝後配置 vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf 內容以下
10.1.1.20的配置文件
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
acassen@firewall.loc
failover@firewall.loc
sysadmin@firewall.loc
}
notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc
smtp_server 127.0.0.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id LVS_DEVEL
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state backup #兩臺配置此處均是BACKUP
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 51
priority 100 #優先級,另外一臺改成90
advert_int 1
nopreempt #不搶佔,只在優先級高的機器上設置便可,優先級低的機器不設置
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
10.1.1.25
}
}
virtual_server 10.1.1.25 3306 {
delay_loop 6
lb_algo wrr
lb_kind DR
persistence_timeout 50 #會話保持時間
protocol TCP
real_server 10.1.1.20 3306 {
weight 3
notify_down /tmp/nimei.sh #檢測到mysql服務掛了就執行這個腳本(腳本要本身寫哈)
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 10 #鏈接超時時間
nb_get_retry 3 #重連次數
delay_before_retry 3 #重連間隔時間
connect_port 3306 #健康檢查端口
}
}
}
10.1.1.21 的配置文件
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
acassen@firewall.loc
failover@firewall.loc
sysadmin@firewall.loc
}
notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc
smtp_server 127.0.0.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id LVS_DEVEL
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state backup
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 51
priority 90
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
10.1.1.25
}
}
virtual_server 10.1.1.25 3306 {
delay_loop 6
lb_algo wrr
lb_kind DR
persistence_timeout 50
protocol TCP
real_server 10.1.1.21 3306 {
weight 3
notify_down /tmp/nimei.sh
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 10
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
connect_port 3306
}
}
}
編寫監控mysql服務是否掛了的腳本,按照上面配置文件的位置編寫腳本。
vim /tmp/nimei.sh
#!/bin/sh
pkill keepalived
腳本很簡單啊 就一句,目的是當keepalived檢測到mysql服務掛了以後觸發這個腳本,殺死keepalived進程,讓另外一臺機器接管
好 修改後啓動keeplived服務
介此整個集羣搭建完成
3、測試
找一臺機器用虛擬ip鏈接mysql
[root@localhost html]# mysql -uab -h 10.1.1.25 -p123
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 736
Server version: 5.1.66-log Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
這樣成功連上了,而後你能夠任意關閉某臺機器,或者某臺機器的mysql服務,看看還能不能連上!!
謝謝!!
原文地址:http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-09/106570.htm