C語言版本：順序表的實現

seqlist.h

 1 #ifndef __SEQLIST_H__
 2 #define __SEQLIST_H__
 3 
 4 #include<cstdio>
 5 #include<malloc.h>
 6 #include<assert.h>
 7 #define SEQLIST_INIT_SIZE 8
 8 #define INC_SIZE 3 //空間增量的大小
 9 typedef int ElemType;
10 typedef struct Seqlist {
11     ElemType *base;
12     int capacity; //順序表容量
13     int size; //表的大小
14 }Seqlist;
15 
16 bool Inc(Seqlist *list);//增長順序表的容量
17 void InitSeqlist(Seqlist *list); //初始化順序表
18 void push_back(Seqlist *list, ElemType x); //在順序表的末尾插入元素
19 void push_front(Seqlist *list, ElemType x); //在順序表的頭部插入元素
20 void show_list(Seqlist *list); //顯示順序表中的元素
21 void pop_back(Seqlist *list); //刪除順序表最後一個元素
22 void pop_front(Seqlist *list); //刪除順序表第一個元素
23 void insert_pos(Seqlist *list, int pos, ElemType x);//在順序表的選定位置上插入數據
24 int find(Seqlist *list, ElemType key); //在順序表中查找元素key的下標
25 int length(Seqlist *list);//求順序表的長度
26 void delete_pos(Seqlist *list, int pos); //刪除順序表中特定位置的數據元素
27 void delete_val(Seqlist *list, int key);//刪除順序表中值爲key的數據元素
28 void sort(Seqlist *list);//冒泡排序
29 void reverse(Seqlist *list);//逆置順序列表
30 void clear(Seqlist *list);//清除順序表中的全部元素
31 void destroy(Seqlist *list);//摧毀順序表
32 void merge(Seqlist *lt, Seqlist *la, Seqlist *lb);//合併兩個順序列表
33 
34 #endif //__SEQLIST_H__

 

seqlist.cpp

  1 #include"seqlist.h"
  2 
  3 bool Inc(Seqlist *list) {
  4     ElemType *newbase = (ElemType*)realloc(list, sizeof(ElemType)*(list->capacity + INC_SIZE));  //從新分配內存空間
  5     if (newbase == NULL) {
  6         printf("內存空間已滿，沒法再分配內存空間！\n");
  7         return false;
  8     }
  9     list->base = newbase;
 10     list->capacity += INC_SIZE;
 11     return true;
 12 }
 13 
 14 void InitSeqlist(Seqlist *list) {
 15     list->base = (ElemType*)malloc(sizeof(ElemType)*SEQLIST_INIT_SIZE);
 16     assert(list->base != NULL);
 17     list->capacity = SEQLIST_INIT_SIZE;
 18     list->size = 0;
 19 }
 20 
 21 void push_back(Seqlist *list, ElemType x) {
 22     if (list->size >= list->capacity && !Inc(list)) { //Inc(list)用來判斷增長順序表容量是否成功,只有在失敗的狀況下才會進入if語句中
 23         printf("順序表容量已滿，沒法再在表尾繼續插入新元素！\n");
 24         return;
 25     }
 26     list->base[list->size] = x;
 27     list->size++;
 28 }
 29 
 30 void push_front(Seqlist *list, ElemType x) {
 31     if (list->size >= list->capacity && !Inc(list)) {
 32         printf("順序表容量已滿，沒法再在表頭插入新元素！\n");
 33         return;
 34     }
 35     for (int i = list->size;i > 0;i--) {
 36         list->base[i] = list->base[i - 1];
 37     }
 38     list->base[0] = x;
 39     list->size++;
 40 }
 41 
 42 void show_list(Seqlist *list) {
 43     for (int i = 0;i < list->size;i++) {
 44         printf("%d ", list->base[i]);
 45     }
 46     printf("\n");
 47 }
 48 
 49 void pop_back(Seqlist *list) {
 50     if (list->size == 0) {
 51         printf("順序表已空，沒法再在表尾刪除元素！\n");
 52         return;
 53     }
 54     list->size--;
 55 }
 56 
 57 void pop_front(Seqlist *list) {
 58     if (list->size == 0) {
 59         printf("順序表已空，沒法再在表頭刪除元素！\n");
 60         return;
 61     }
 62     for (int i = 0;i < list->size - 1;i++) {
 63         list->base[i] = list->base[i + 1];
 64     }
 65     list->size--;
 66 }
 67 
 68 void insert_pos(Seqlist *list, int pos, ElemType x) {
 69     if (pos<0 || pos>list->size) {
 70         printf("插入位置不合法，沒法插入元素！\n");
 71         return;
 72     }
 73     if (list->size >= list->capacity && !Inc(list)) {
 74         printf("順序表容量已滿，沒法在插入新的元素！\n");
 75         return;
 76     }
 77     for (int i = list->size;i > pos;i--) {
 78         list->base[i] = list->base[i - 1];
 79     }
 80     list->base[pos] = x;
 81     list->size++;
 82 }
 83 
 84 int find(Seqlist *list, ElemType key) {
 85     for (int i = 0;i < list->size;i++) {
 86         if (list->base[i] == key)
 87             return i;
 88     }
 89     return -1;
 90 }
 91 
 92 int length(Seqlist *list) {
 93     return list->size;
 94 }
 95 
 96 void delete_pos(Seqlist *list, int pos) {
 97     if (pos < 0 || pos >= list->size) {
 98         printf("刪除位置不合法，沒法刪除元素！\n");
 99         return;
100     }
101     for (int i = pos;i < list->size - 1;i++) {
102         list->base[i] = list->base[i + 1];
103     }
104     list->size--;
105 }
106 
107 void delete_val(Seqlist *list, int key) {
108     int pos = find(list, key);
109     if (pos == -1) {
110         printf("順序表中沒有這個元素！\n");
111         return;
112     }
113     delete_pos(list, pos);
114 }
115 
116 void sort(Seqlist *list) {
117     for (int i = 0;i < list->size - 1;i++) {//排序的趟數（例如5個數據須要比較4趟）
118         for (int j = 0;j < list->size - 1 - i;j++) {//每一趟比較中的比較次數（例如5個數據在第0趟須要比較4次）
119             if (list->base[j] > list->base[j + 1]) {
120                 ElemType temp = list->base[j];
121                 list->base[j] = list->base[j + 1];
122                 list->base[j + 1] = temp;
123             }
124         }
125     }
126 }
127 
128 void reverse(Seqlist *list) {
129     if (list->size == 0 || list->size == 1) return;
130     int low = 0, high = list->size - 1;
131     while (low < high) {
132         ElemType temp = list->base[low];
133         list->base[low] = list->base[high];
134         list->base[high] = temp;
135         low++;
136         high--;
137     }
138 }
139 
140 void clear(Seqlist *list) {
141     list->size = 0;
142 }
143 
144 void destroy(Seqlist *list) {
145     free(list->base);
146     list->base = NULL;
147     list->capacity = 0;
148     list->size = 0;
149 }
150 
151 void merge(Seqlist *lt, Seqlist *la, Seqlist *lb) {
152     lt->capacity = la->size + lb->size;
153     lt->base = (ElemType*)malloc(sizeof(ElemType)*lt->capacity);
154     assert(lt->base != NULL);
155 
156     int ia = 0, ib = 0, ic = 0;
157     while (ia < la->size&&ib < lb->size) {
158         if (la->base[ia] < lb->base[ib]) {
159             lt->base[ic++] = la->base[ia++];
160         }
161         else {
162             lt->base[ic++] = lb->base[ib++];
163         }
164     }
165     while (ia < la->size) {
166         lt->base[ic++] = la->base[ia++];
167     }
168     while (ib < lb->size) {
169         lt->base[ic++] = lb->base[ib++];
170     }
171     lt->size = la->size + lb->size;
172     show_list(lt);
173 }

 

main.cpp

  1 #include"seqlist.h"
  2 
  3 void main() {
  4     Seqlist list;
  5     InitSeqlist(&list);
  6 
  7     ElemType item;
  8     int pos;
  9     int select = 1;
 10     while (select) {
 11         printf("*******************************************\n");
 12         printf("*[1]  push_back        [2]  push_front    *\n");
 13         printf("*[3]  show_list        [4]  pop_back      *\n");
 14         printf("*[5]  pop_front        [6]  insert_pos    *\n");
 15         printf("*[7]  find             [8]  length        *\n");
 16         printf("*[9]  delete_pos       [10] delete_value  *\n");
 17         printf("*[11] sort             [12] reverse       *\n");
 18         printf("*[13] clear            [14] merge         *\n");
 19         printf("*[0]  quit_system                         *\n");
 20         printf("*******************************************\n");
 21         printf("請選擇：>>");
 22         scanf("%d", &select);
 23         if (select == 0) break;
 24         switch (select) {
 25         case 1:
 26             printf("請輸入要插入的數據（-1結束）:>");
 27             while (scanf("%d", &item), item != -1) {//先輸入item的值，只要item不等於-1就接着循環
 28                 push_back(&list, item);
 29             }
 30             break;
 31         case 2:
 32             printf("請輸入要插入的數據（-1結束）:>");
 33             while (scanf("%d", &item), item != -1) {
 34                 push_front(&list, item);
 35             }
 36             break;
 37         case 3:
 38             show_list(&list);
 39             break;
 40         case 4:
 41             pop_back(&list);
 42             break;
 43         case 5:
 44             pop_front(&list);
 45             break;
 46         case 6:
 47             printf("請輸入要插入的數據:>");
 48             scanf("%d", &item);
 49             printf("請輸入要插入的位置:>");
 50             scanf("%d", &pos);
 51             insert_pos(&list, pos, item);
 52             break;
 53         case 7:
 54             printf("請輸入要查找的數據:>");
 55             scanf("%d", &item);
 56             pos = find(&list, item);
 57             if (pos == -1)
 58                 printf("查找的數據元素不在順序表中！\n");
 59             else
 60                 printf("查找的數據元素在順序表中的下標位置爲%d\n", pos);
 61             break;
 62         case 8:
 63             printf("順序表的長度爲%d\n", length(&list));
 64             break;
 65         case 9:
 66             printf("請輸入要刪除數據在順序表中的下標位置:>");
 67             scanf("%d", &pos);
 68             delete_pos(&list, pos);
 69             break;
 70         case 10:
 71             printf("請輸入要刪除數據的值:>");
 72             scanf("%d", &item);
 73             delete_val(&list, item);
 74             break;
 75         case 11:
 76             sort(&list);
 77             break;
 78         case 12:
 79             reverse(&list);
 80             break;
 81         case 13:
 82             clear(&list);
 83             break;
 84         case 14:
 85             Seqlist mylist, yourlist;
 86             ElemType item1, item2;
 87             InitSeqlist(&mylist);
 88             InitSeqlist(&yourlist);
 89             printf("請輸入順序表1中的元素值（-1結束）:>");
 90             while (scanf("%d", &item1), item1 != -1) {
 91                 push_back(&mylist, item1);
 92             }
 93             printf("請輸入順序表2中的元素值（-1結束）:>");
 94             while (scanf("%d", &item2), item2 != -1) {
 95                 push_back(&yourlist, item2);
 96             }
 97             merge(&list, &mylist, &yourlist);
 98             destroy(&mylist);
 99             destroy(&yourlist);
100             break;
101         default:
102             printf("輸入的選擇錯誤！請從新輸入！\n");
103             break;
104         }
105     }
106     destroy(&list);
107 }