Mongodb分片結合複製集
Mongodb分片結合複製集
1、分片概述；
2、分片存儲原理；
3、案例：mongodb分片結合複製集高效存儲；linux
1、分片概述：
概述：分片（sharding）是指將數據庫拆分，將其分散在不一樣的機器上的過程。分片集羣（sharded cluster）是一種水平擴展數據庫系統性能的方法，可以將數據集分佈式存儲在不一樣的分片（shard）上，每一個分片只保存數據集的一部分，MongoDB保證各個分片之間不會有重複的數據，全部分片保存的數據之和就是完整的數據集。分片集羣將數據集分佈式存儲，可以將負載分攤到多個分片上，每一個分片只負責讀寫一部分數據，充分利用了各個shard的系統資源，提升數據庫系統的吞吐量。
注：mongodb3.2版本後，分片技術必須結合複製集完成；
應用場景：
1.單臺機器的磁盤不夠用了，使用分片解決磁盤空間的問題。
2.單個mongod已經不能知足寫數據的性能要求。經過分片讓寫壓力分散到各個分片上面，使用分片服務器自身的資源。
3.想把大量數據放到內存裏提升性能。和上面同樣，經過分片使用分片服務器自身的資源。mongodb
2、分片存儲原理：
存儲方式：數據集被拆分紅數據塊（chunk），每一個數據塊包含多個doc，數據塊分佈式存儲在分片集羣中。
角色：
Config server：MongoDB負責追蹤數據塊在shard上的分佈信息，每一個分片存儲哪些數據塊，叫作分片的元數據，保存在config server上的數據庫 config中，通常使用3臺config server，全部config server中的config數據庫必須徹底相同（建議將config server部署在不一樣的服務器，以保證穩定性）；
Shard server：將數據進行分片，拆分紅數據塊（chunk），數據塊真正存放的單位；
Mongos server：數據庫集羣請求的入口，全部的請求都經過mongos進行協調，查看分片的元數據，查找chunk存放位置，mongos本身就是一個請求分發中心，在生產環境一般有多mongos做爲請求的入口，防止其中一個掛掉全部的mongodb請求都沒有辦法操做。數據庫
總結：應用請求mongos來操做mongodb的增刪改查，配置服務器存儲數據庫元信息，而且和mongos作同步，數據最終存入在shard（分片）上，爲了防止數據丟失，同步在副本集中存儲了一份，仲裁節點在數據存儲到分片的時候決定存儲到哪一個節點。
3、分片的片鍵；
概述：片鍵是文檔的一個屬性字段或是一個複合索引字段，一旦創建後則不可改變，片鍵是拆分數據的關鍵的依據，如若在數據極爲龐大的場景下，片鍵決定了數據在分片的過程當中數據的存儲位置，直接會影響集羣的性能；
注：建立片鍵時，須要有一個支撐片鍵運行的索引；
片鍵分類：
1.遞增片鍵：使用時間戳，日期，自增的主鍵，ObjectId，_id等，此類片鍵的寫入操做集中在一個分片服務器上，寫入不具備分散性，這會致使單臺服務器壓力較大，但分割比較容易，這臺服務器可能會成爲性能瓶頸；
語法解析：
mongos> use 庫名
mongos> db.集合名.ensureIndex({"鍵名":1}) ##建立索引
mongos> sh.enableSharding("庫名") ##開啓庫的分片
mongos> sh.shardCollection("庫名.集合名",{"鍵名":1}) ##開啓集合的分片並指定片鍵
2.哈希片鍵：也稱之爲散列索引，使用一個哈希索引字段做爲片鍵，優勢是使數據在各節點分佈比較均勻，數據寫入可隨機分發到每一個分片服務器上，把寫入的壓力分散到了各個服務器上。可是讀也是隨機的，可能會命中更多的分片，可是缺點是沒法實現範圍區分；
3.組合片鍵： 數據庫中沒有比較合適的鍵值供片鍵選擇，或者是打算使用的片鍵基數過小（即變化少如星期只有7天可變化），能夠選另外一個字段使用組合片鍵，甚至能夠添加冗餘字段來組合；
4.標籤片鍵：數據存儲在指定的分片服務器上，能夠爲分片添加tag標籤，而後指定相應的tag，好比讓10...(T)出如今shard0000上，11...(Q)出如今shard0001或shard0002上，就可使用tag讓均衡器指定分發；安全
4、案例：mongodb分片結合複製集高效存儲bash
實驗步驟：
安裝mongodb服務；
配置config節點的實例；
配置shard1的實例：
配置shard2的實例：
配置分片並驗證：
服務器
安裝mongodb服務：
192.168.100.10一、192.168.100.10二、192.168.100.103：
[root@config ~]# tar zxvf mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-3.6.3.tgz
[root@config ~]# mv mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-3.6.3 /usr/local/mongodb
[root@config ~]# echo "export PATH=/usr/local/mongodb/bin:\$PATH" >>/etc/profile
[root@config ~]# source /etc/profile
[root@config ~]# ulimit -n 25000
[root@config ~]# ulimit -u 25000
[root@config ~]# echo 0 >/proc/sys/vm/zone_reclaim_mode
[root@config ~]# sysctl -w vm.zone_reclaim_mode=0
[root@config ~]# echo never >/sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled
[root@config ~]# echo never >/sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag
[root@config ~]# cd /usr/local/mongodb/bin/
[root@config bin]# mkdir {../mongodb1,../mongodb2,../mongodb3}
[root@config bin]# mkdir ../logs
[root@config bin]# touch ../logs/mongodb{1..3}.log
[root@config bin]# chmod 777 ../logs/mongodb*
配置config節點的實例：
192.168.100.101:
[root@config bin]# cat <<END >>/usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongodb1.conf
bind_ip=192.168.100.101
port=27017
dbpath=/usr/local/mongodb/mongodb1/
logpath=/usr/local/mongodb/logs/mongodb1.log
logappend=true
fork=true
maxConns=5000
replSet=configs
#replication name
configsvr=true
END
註解：
#日誌文件位置
logpath=/data/db/journal/mongodb.log （這些都是能夠自定義修改的）
# 以追加方式寫入日誌
logappend=true
# 是否以守護進程方式運行
fork = true
# 默認27017
#port = 27017
# 數據庫文件位置
dbpath=/data/db
# 啓用按期記錄CPU利用率和 I/O 等待
#cpu = true
# 是否以安全認證方式運行，默認是不認證的非安全方式
#noauth = true
#auth = true
# 詳細記錄輸出
#verbose = true
# Inspect all client data for validity on receipt (useful for
# developing drivers)用於開發驅動程序時驗證客戶端請求
#objcheck = true
# Enable db quota management
# 啓用數據庫配額管理
#quota = true
# 設置oplog記錄等級
# Set oplogging level where n is
# 0=off (default)
# 1=W
# 2=R
# 3=both
# 7=W+some reads
#diaglog=0
# Diagnostic/debugging option 動態調試項
#nocursors = true
# Ignore query hints 忽略查詢提示
#nohints = true
# 禁用http界面，默認爲localhost：28017
#nohttpinterface = true
# 關閉服務器端腳本，這將極大的限制功能
# Turns off server-side scripting. This will result in greatly limited
# functionality
#noscripting = true
# 關閉掃描表，任何查詢將會是掃描失敗
# Turns off table scans. Any query that would do a table scan fails.
#notablescan = true
# 關閉數據文件預分配
# Disable data file preallocation.
#noprealloc = true
# 爲新數據庫指定.ns文件的大小，單位:MB
# Specify .ns file size for new databases.
# nssize =
# Replication Options 複製選項
# in replicated mongo databases, specify the replica set name here
#replSet=setname
# maximum size in megabytes for replication operation log
#oplogSize=1024
# path to a key file storing authentication info for connections
# between replica set members
#指定存儲身份驗證信息的密鑰文件的路徑
#keyFile=/path/to/keyfile
[root@config bin]# cat <<END >>/usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongodb2.conf
bind_ip=192.168.100.101
port=27018
dbpath=/usr/local/mongodb/mongodb2/
logpath=/usr/local/mongodb/logs/mongodb2.log
logappend=true
fork=true
maxConns=5000
replSet=configs
configsvr=true
END
[root@config bin]# cat <<END >>/usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongodb3.conf
bind_ip=192.168.100.101
port=27019
dbpath=/usr/local/mongodb/mongodb3/
logpath=/usr/local/mongodb/logs/mongodb3.log
logappend=true
fork=true
maxConns=5000
replSet=configs
configsvr=true
END
[root@config bin]# cd
[root@config ~]# mongod -f /usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongodb1.conf
[root@config ~]# mongod -f /usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongodb2.conf
[root@config ~]# mongod -f /usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongodb3.conf
[root@config ~]# netstat -utpln |grep mongod
tcp 0 0 192.168.100.101:27019 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2271/mongod
tcp 0 0 192.168.100.101:27017 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2440/mongod
tcp 0 0 192.168.100.101:27018 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1412/mongod
[root@config ~]# echo -e "/usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongod -f /usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongodb1.conf \n/usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongod -f /usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongodb2.conf\n/usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongod -f /usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongodb3.conf">>/etc/rc.local
[root@config ~]# chmod +x /etc/rc.local
[root@config ~]# cat <<END >>/etc/init.d/mongodb
#!/bin/bash
INSTANCE=\$1
ACTION=\$2
case "\$ACTION" in
'start')
/usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongod -f /usr/local/mongodb/bin/"\$INSTANCE".conf;;
'stop')
/usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongod -f /usr/local/mongodb/bin/"\$INSTANCE".conf --shutdown;;
'restart')
/usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongod -f /usr/local/mongodb/bin/"\$INSTANCE".conf --shutdown
/usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongod -f /usr/local/mongodb/bin/"\$INSTANCE".conf;;
esac
END
[root@config ~]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mongodb
[root@config ~]# mongo --port 27017 --host 192.168.100.101
> cfg={"_id":"configs","members":[{"_id":0,"host":"192.168.100.101:27017"},{"_id":1,"host":"192.168.100.101:27018"},{"_id":2,"host":"192.168.100.101:27019"}]}
> rs.initiate(cfg)
configs:PRIMARY> rs.status()
{
"set" : "configs",
"date" : ISODate("2018-04-24T18:53:44.375Z"),
"myState" : 1,
"term" : NumberLong(1),
"configsvr" : true,
"heartbeatIntervalMillis" : NumberLong(2000),
"optimes" : {
"lastCommittedOpTime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1524596020, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(1)
},
"readConcernMajorityOpTime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1524596020, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(1)
},
"appliedOpTime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1524596020, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(1)
},
"durableOpTime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1524596020, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(1)
}
},
"members" : [
{
"_id" : 0,
"name" : "192.168.100.101:27017",
"health" : 1,
"state" : 1,
"stateStr" : "PRIMARY",
"uptime" : 6698,
"optime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1524596020, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(1)
},
"optimeDate" : ISODate("2018-04-24T18:53:40Z"),
"electionTime" : Timestamp(1524590293, 1),
"electionDate" : ISODate("2018-04-24T17:18:13Z"),
"configVersion" : 1,
"self" : true
},
{
"_id" : 1,
"name" : "192.168.100.101:27018",
"health" : 1,
"state" : 2,
"stateStr" : "SECONDARY",
"uptime" : 5741,
"optime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1524596020, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(1)
},
"optimeDurable" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1524596020, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(1)
},
"optimeDate" : ISODate("2018-04-24T18:53:40Z"),
"optimeDurableDate" : ISODate("2018-04-24T18:53:40Z"),
"lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2018-04-24T18:53:42.992Z"),
"lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2018-04-24T18:53:43.742Z"),
"pingMs" : NumberLong(0),
"syncingTo" : "192.168.100.101:27017",
"configVersion" : 1
},
{
"_id" : 2,
"name" : "192.168.100.101:27019",
"health" : 1,
"state" : 2,
"stateStr" : "SECONDARY",
"uptime" : 5741,
"optime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1524596020, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(1)
},
"optimeDurable" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1524596020, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(1)
},
"optimeDate" : ISODate("2018-04-24T18:53:40Z"),
"optimeDurableDate" : ISODate("2018-04-24T18:53:40Z"),
"lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2018-04-24T18:53:42.992Z"),
"lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2018-04-24T18:53:43.710Z"),
"pingMs" : NumberLong(0),
"syncingTo" : "192.168.100.101:27017",
"configVersion" : 1
}
],
"ok" : 1,
"operationTime" : Timestamp(1524596020, 1),
"$gleStats" : {
"lastOpTime" : Timestamp(0, 0),
"electionId" : ObjectId("7fffffff0000000000000001")
},
"$clusterTime" : {
"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1524596020, 1),
"signature" : {
"hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
"keyId" : NumberLong(0)
}
}
}
configs:PRIMARY> show dbs
admin 0.000GB
config 0.000GB
local 0.000GB
configs:PRIMARY> exit
[root@config bin]# cat <<END >>/usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongos.conf
bind_ip=192.168.100.101
port=27025
logpath=/usr/local/mongodb/logs/mongodbs.log
fork=true
maxConns=5000
configdb=configs/192.168.100.101:27017,192.168.100.101:27018,192.168.100.101:27019
END
注：mongos的configdb參數只能指定一個（複製集中的primary）或多個（複製集中的所有節點）；
[root@config bin]# touch ../logs/mongos.log
[root@config bin]# chmod 777 ../logs/mongos.log
[root@config bin]# mongos -f /usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongos.conf
about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections.
forked process: 1562
child process started successfully, parent exiting
[root@config ~]# netstat -utpln |grep mongo
tcp 0 0 192.168.100.101:27019 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1601/mongod
tcp 0 0 192.168.100.101:27020 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1345/mongod
tcp 0 0 192.168.100.101:27025 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1822/mongos
tcp 0 0 192.168.100.101:27017 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1437/mongod
tcp 0 0 192.168.100.101:27018 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1541/mongod
配置shard1的實例：
192.168.100.102:
[root@shard1 bin]# cat <<END >>/usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongodb1.conf
bind_ip=192.168.100.102
port=27017
dbpath=/usr/local/mongodb/mongodb1/
logpath=/usr/local/mongodb/logs/mongodb1.log
logappend=true
fork=true
maxConns=5000
replSet=shard1
#replication name
shardsvr=true
END
[root@shard1 bin]# cat <<END >>/usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongodb2.conf
bind_ip=192.168.100.102
port=27018
dbpath=/usr/local/mongodb/mongodb2/
logpath=/usr/local/mongodb/logs/mongodb2.log
logappend=true
fork=true
maxConns=5000
replSet=shard1
shardsvr=true
END
[root@shard1 bin]# cat <<END >>/usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongodb3.conf
bind_ip=192.168.100.102
port=27019
dbpath=/usr/local/mongodb/mongodb3/
logpath=/usr/local/mongodb/logs/mongodb3.log
logappend=true
fork=true
maxConns=5000
replSet=shard1
shardsvr=true
END
[root@shard1 bin]# cd
[root@shard1 ~]# mongod -f /usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongodb1.conf
[root@shard1 ~]# mongod -f /usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongodb2.conf
[root@shard1 ~]# mongod -f /usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongodb3.conf
[root@shard1 ~]# netstat -utpln |grep mongod
tcp 0 0 192.168.100.101:27019 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2271/mongod
tcp 0 0 192.168.100.101:27017 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2440/mongod
tcp 0 0 192.168.100.101:27018 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1412/mongod
[root@shard1 ~]# echo -e "/usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongod -f /usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongodb1.conf \n/usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongod -f /usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongodb2.conf\n/usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongod -f /usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongodb3.conf">>/etc/rc.local
[root@shard1 ~]# chmod +x /etc/rc.local
[root@shard1 ~]# cat <<END >>/etc/init.d/mongodb
#!/bin/bash
INSTANCE=\$1
ACTION=\$2
case "\$ACTION" in
'start')
/usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongod -f /usr/local/mongodb/bin/"\$INSTANCE".conf;;
'stop')
/usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongod -f /usr/local/mongodb/bin/"\$INSTANCE".conf --shutdown;;
'restart')
/usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongod -f /usr/local/mongodb/bin/"\$INSTANCE".conf --shutdown
/usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongod -f /usr/local/mongodb/bin/"\$INSTANCE".conf;;
esac
END
[root@shard1 ~]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mongodb
[root@shard1 ~]# mongo --port 27017 --host 192.168.100.102
>cfg={"_id":"shard1","members":[{"_id":0,"host":"192.168.100.102:27017"},{"_id":1,"host":"192.168.100.102:27018"},{"_id":2,"host":"192.168.100.102:27019"}]}
> rs.initiate(cfg)
{ "ok" : 1 }
shard1:PRIMARY> rs.status()
{
"set" : "shard1",
"date" : ISODate("2018-04-24T19:06:53.160Z"),
"myState" : 1,
"term" : NumberLong(1),
"heartbeatIntervalMillis" : NumberLong(2000),
"optimes" : {
"lastCommittedOpTime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1524596810, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(1)
},
"readConcernMajorityOpTime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1524596810, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(1)
},
"appliedOpTime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1524596810, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(1)
},
"durableOpTime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1524596810, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(1)
}
},
"members" : [
{
"_id" : 0,
"name" : "192.168.100.102:27017",
"health" : 1,
"state" : 1,
"stateStr" : "PRIMARY",
"uptime" : 6648,
"optime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1524596810, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(1)
},
"optimeDate" : ISODate("2018-04-24T19:06:50Z"),
"electionTime" : Timestamp(1524590628, 1),
"electionDate" : ISODate("2018-04-24T17:23:48Z"),
"configVersion" : 1,
"self" : true
},
{
"_id" : 1,
"name" : "192.168.100.102:27018",
"health" : 1,
"state" : 2,
"stateStr" : "SECONDARY",
"uptime" : 6195,
"optime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1524596810, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(1)
},
"optimeDurable" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1524596810, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(1)
},
"optimeDate" : ISODate("2018-04-24T19:06:50Z"),
"optimeDurableDate" : ISODate("2018-04-24T19:06:50Z"),
"lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2018-04-24T19:06:52.176Z"),
"lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2018-04-24T19:06:52.626Z"),
"pingMs" : NumberLong(0),
"syncingTo" : "192.168.100.102:27017",
"configVersion" : 1
},
{
"_id" : 2,
"name" : "192.168.100.102:27019",
"health" : 1,
"state" : 2,
"stateStr" : "SECONDARY",
"uptime" : 6195,
"optime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1524596810, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(1)
},
"optimeDurable" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1524596810, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(1)
},
"optimeDate" : ISODate("2018-04-24T19:06:50Z"),
"optimeDurableDate" : ISODate("2018-04-24T19:06:50Z"),
"lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2018-04-24T19:06:52.177Z"),
"lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2018-04-24T19:06:52.626Z"),
"pingMs" : NumberLong(0),
"syncingTo" : "192.168.100.102:27017",
"configVersion" : 1
}
],
"ok" : 1
}
shard1:PRIMARY> show dbs
admin 0.000GB
config 0.000GB
local 0.000GB
shard1:PRIMARY> exit
[root@shard1 bin]# cat <<END >>/usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongos.conf
bind_ip=192.168.100.102
port=27025
logpath=/usr/local/mongodb/logs/mongodbs.log
fork=true
maxConns=5000
configdb=configs/192.168.100.101:27017,192.168.100.101:27018,192.168.100.101:27019
END
[root@shard1 bin]# touch ../logs/mongos.log
[root@shard1 bin]# chmod 777 ../logs/mongos.log
[root@shard1 bin]# mongos -f /usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongos.conf
about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections.
forked process: 1562
child process started successfully, parent exiting
[root@shard1 ~]# netstat -utpln| grep mongo
tcp 0 0 192.168.100.102:27019 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1098/mongod
tcp 0 0 192.168.100.102:27020 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1125/mongod
tcp 0 0 192.168.100.102:27025 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1562/mongos
tcp 0 0 192.168.100.102:27017 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1044/mongod
tcp 0 0 192.168.100.102:27018 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1071/mongod
配置shard2的實例：
192.168.100.103:
[root@shard2 bin]# cat <<END >>/usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongodb1.conf
bind_ip=192.168.100.103
port=27017
dbpath=/usr/local/mongodb/mongodb1/
logpath=/usr/local/mongodb/logs/mongodb1.log
logappend=true
fork=true
maxConns=5000
replSet=shard2
#replication name
shardsvr=true
END
[root@shard2 bin]# cat <<END >>/usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongodb2.conf
bind_ip=192.168.100.103
port=27018
dbpath=/usr/local/mongodb/mongodb2/
logpath=/usr/local/mongodb/logs/mongodb2.log
logappend=true
fork=true
maxConns=5000
replSet=shard2
shardsvr=true
END
[root@shard2 bin]# cat <<END >>/usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongodb3.conf
bind_ip=192.168.100.103
port=27019
dbpath=/usr/local/mongodb/mongodb3/
logpath=/usr/local/mongodb/logs/mongodb3.log
logappend=true
fork=true
maxConns=5000
replSet=shard2
shardsvr=true
END
[root@shard2 bin]# cd
[root@shard2 ~]# mongod -f /usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongodb1.conf
[root@shard2 ~]# mongod -f /usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongodb2.conf
[root@shard2 ~]# mongod -f /usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongodb3.conf
[root@shard2 ~]# netstat -utpln |grep mongod
tcp 0 0 192.168.100.101:27019 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2271/mongod
tcp 0 0 192.168.100.101:27017 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2440/mongod
tcp 0 0 192.168.100.101:27018 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1412/mongod
[root@shard2 ~]# echo -e "/usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongod -f /usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongodb1.conf \n/usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongod -f /usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongodb2.conf\n/usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongod -f /usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongodb3.conf">>/etc/rc.local
[root@shard2 ~]# chmod +x /etc/rc.local
[root@shard2 ~]# cat <<END >>/etc/init.d/mongodb
#!/bin/bash
INSTANCE=\$1
ACTION=\$2
case "\$ACTION" in
'start')
/usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongod -f /usr/local/mongodb/bin/"\$INSTANCE".conf;;
'stop')
/usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongod -f /usr/local/mongodb/bin/"\$INSTANCE".conf --shutdown;;
'restart')
/usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongod -f /usr/local/mongodb/bin/"\$INSTANCE".conf --shutdown
/usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongod -f /usr/local/mongodb/bin/"\$INSTANCE".conf;;
esac
END
[root@shard2 ~]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mongodb
[root@shard2 ~]# mongo --port 27017 --host 192.168.100.103
>cfg={"_id":"shard2","members":[{"_id":0,"host":"192.168.100.103:27017"},{"_id":1,"host":"192.168.100.103:27018"},{"_id":2,"host":"192.168.100.103:27019"}]}
> rs.initiate(cfg)
{ "ok" : 1 }
shard2:PRIMARY> rs.status()
{
"set" : "shard2",
"date" : ISODate("2018-04-24T19:06:53.160Z"),
"myState" : 1,
"term" : NumberLong(1),
"heartbeatIntervalMillis" : NumberLong(2000),
"optimes" : {
"lastCommittedOpTime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1524596810, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(1)
},
"readConcernMajorityOpTime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1524596810, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(1)
},
"appliedOpTime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1524596810, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(1)
},
"durableOpTime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1524596810, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(1)
}
},
"members" : [
{
"_id" : 0,
"name" : "192.168.100.103:27017",
"health" : 1,
"state" : 1,
"stateStr" : "PRIMARY",
"uptime" : 6648,
"optime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1524596810, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(1)
},
"optimeDate" : ISODate("2018-04-24T19:06:50Z"),
"electionTime" : Timestamp(1524590628, 1),
"electionDate" : ISODate("2018-04-24T17:23:48Z"),
"configVersion" : 1,
"self" : true
},
{
"_id" : 1,
"name" : "192.168.100.103:27018",
"health" : 1,
"state" : 2,
"stateStr" : "SECONDARY",
"uptime" : 6195,
"optime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1524596810, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(1)
},
"optimeDurable" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1524596810, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(1)
},
"optimeDate" : ISODate("2018-04-24T19:06:50Z"),
"optimeDurableDate" : ISODate("2018-04-24T19:06:50Z"),
"lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2018-04-24T19:06:52.176Z"),
"lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2018-04-24T19:06:52.626Z"),
"pingMs" : NumberLong(0),
"syncingTo" : "192.168.100.103:27017",
"configVersion" : 1
},
{
"_id" : 2,
"name" : "192.168.100.103:27019",
"health" : 1,
"state" : 2,
"stateStr" : "SECONDARY",
"uptime" : 6195,
"optime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1524596810, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(1)
},
"optimeDurable" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1524596810, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(1)
},
"optimeDate" : ISODate("2018-04-24T19:06:50Z"),
"optimeDurableDate" : ISODate("2018-04-24T19:06:50Z"),
"lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2018-04-24T19:06:52.177Z"),
"lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2018-04-24T19:06:52.626Z"),
"pingMs" : NumberLong(0),
"syncingTo" : "192.168.100.103:27017",
"configVersion" : 1
}
],
"ok" : 1
}
shard2:PRIMARY> show dbs
admin 0.000GB
config 0.000GB
local 0.000GB
shard2:PRIMARY> exit
[root@shard2 bin]# cat <<END >>/usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongos.conf
bind_ip=192.168.100.103
port=27025
logpath=/usr/local/mongodb/logs/mongodbs.log
fork=true
maxConns=5000
configdb=configs/192.168.100.101:27017,192.168.100.101:27018,192.168.100.101:27019
END
[root@shard2 bin]# touch ../logs/mongos.log
[root@shard2 bin]# chmod 777 ../logs/mongos.log
[root@shard2 bin]# mongos -f /usr/local/mongodb/bin/mongos.conf
about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections.
forked process: 1562
child process started successfully, parent exiting
[root@shard2 ~]# netstat -utpln |grep mongo
tcp 0 0 192.168.100.103:27019 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1095/mongod
tcp 0 0 192.168.100.103:27020 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1122/mongod
tcp 0 0 192.168.100.103:27025 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 12122/mongos
tcp 0 0 192.168.100.103:27017 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1041/mongod
tcp 0 0 192.168.100.103:27018 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1068/mongod
配置分片並驗證：
192.168.100.101(隨意選擇mongos進行設置分片，三臺mongos會同步如下操做)：
[root@config ~]# mongo --port 27025 --host 192.168.100.101
mongos> use admin;
switched to db admin
mongos> sh.status()
--- Sharding Status ---
sharding version: {
"_id" : 1,
"minCompatibleVersion" : 5,
"currentVersion" : 6,
"clusterId" : ObjectId("5adf66d7518b3e5b3aad4e77")
}
shards:
active mongoses:
"3.6.3" : 1
autosplit:
Currently enabled: yes
balancer:
Currently enabled: yes
Currently running: no
Failed balancer rounds in last 5 attempts: 0
Migration Results for the last 24 hours:
No recent migrations
databases:
{ "_id" : "config", "primary" : "config", "partitioned" : true }
mongos>
sh.addShard("shard1/192.168.100.102:27017,192.168.100.102:27018,192.168.100.102:27019")
{
"shardAdded" : "shard1",
"ok" : 1,
"$clusterTime" : {
"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1524598580, 9),
"signature" : {
"hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
"keyId" : NumberLong(0)
}
},
"operationTime" : Timestamp(1524598580, 9)
}
mongos> sh.addShard("shard2/192.168.100.103:27017,192.168.100.103:27018,192.168.100.103:27019")
{
"shardAdded" : "shard2",
"ok" : 1,
"$clusterTime" : {
"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1524598657, 7),
"signature" : {
"hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
"keyId" : NumberLong(0)
}
},
"operationTime" : Timestamp(1524598657, 7)
}
mongos> sh.status()
--- Sharding Status ---
sharding version: {
"_id" : 1,
"minCompatibleVersion" : 5,
"currentVersion" : 6,
"clusterId" : ObjectId("5adf66d7518b3e5b3aad4e77")
}
shards:
{ "_id" : "shard1", "host" : "shard1/192.168.100.102:27017,192.168.100.102:27018,192.168.100.102:27019", "state" : 1 }
{ "_id" : "shard2", "host" : "shard2/192.168.100.103:27017,192.168.100.103:27018,192.168.100.103:27019", "state" : 1 }
active mongoses:
"3.6.3" : 1
autosplit:
Currently enabled: yes
balancer:
Currently enabled: yes
Currently running: no
Failed balancer rounds in last 5 attempts: 0
Migration Results for the last 24 hours:
No recent migrations
databases:
{ "_id" : "config", "primary" : "config", "partitioned" : true }
注：目前配置服務、路由服務、分片服務、副本集服務都已經串聯起來了，但咱們的目的是但願插入數據，數據可以自動分片。鏈接在mongos上，準備讓指定的數據庫、指定的集合分片生效。
[root@config ~]# mongo --port 27025 --host 192.168.100.101
mongos> use admin
mongos> sh.enableSharding("testdb") ##開啓數據庫的分片
{
"ok" : 1,
"$clusterTime" : {
"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1524599672, 13),
"signature" : {
"hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
"keyId" : NumberLong(0)
}
},
"operationTime" : Timestamp(1524599672, 13)
mongos> sh.status()
--- Sharding Status ---
sharding version: {
"_id" : 1,
"minCompatibleVersion" : 5,
"currentVersion" : 6,
"clusterId" : ObjectId("5adf66d7518b3e5b3aad4e77")
}
shards:
{ "_id" : "shard1", "host" : "shard1/192.168.100.102:27017,192.168.100.102:27018,192.168.100.102:27019", "state" : 1 }
{ "_id" : "shard2", "host" : "shard2/192.168.100.103:27017,192.168.100.103:27018,192.168.100.103:27019", "state" : 1 }
active mongoses:
"3.6.3" : 1
autosplit:
Currently enabled: yes
balancer:
Currently enabled: yes
Currently running: no
Failed balancer rounds in last 5 attempts: 0
Migration Results for the last 24 hours:
No recent migrations
databases:
{ "_id" : "config", "primary" : "config", "partitioned" : true }
config.system.sessions
shard key: { "_id" : 1 }
unique: false
balancing: true
chunks:
shard1 1
{ "_id" : { "$minKey" : 1 } } -->> { "_id" : { "$maxKey" : 1 } } on : shard1 Timestamp(1, 0)
{ "_id" : "testdb", "primary" : "shard2", "partitioned" : true }
mongos> db.runCommand({shardcollection:"testdb.table1", key:{_id:1}}); ##開啓數據庫中集合的分片
{
"collectionsharded" : "testdb.table1",
"collectionUUID" : UUID("883bb1e2-b218-41ab-8122-6a5cf4df5e7b"),
"ok" : 1,
"$clusterTime" : {
"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1524601471, 14),
"signature" : {
"hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
"keyId" : NumberLong(0)
}
},
"operationTime" : Timestamp(1524601471, 14)
}
mongos> use testdb;
mongos> for(i=1;i<=10000;i++){db.table1.insert({"id":i,"name":"huge"})};
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
mongos> show collections
table1
mongos> db.table1.count()
10000
mongos> sh.status()
--- Sharding Status ---
sharding version: {
"_id" : 1,
"minCompatibleVersion" : 5,
"currentVersion" : 6,
"clusterId" : ObjectId("5adf66d7518b3e5b3aad4e77")
}
shards:
{ "_id" : "shard1", "host" : "shard1/192.168.100.102:27017,192.168.100.102:27018,192.168.100.102:27019", "state" : 1 }
{ "_id" : "shard2", "host" : "shard2/192.168.100.103:27017,192.168.100.103:27018,192.168.100.103:27019", "state" : 1 }
active mongoses:
"3.6.3" : 1
autosplit:
Currently enabled: yes
balancer:
Currently enabled: yes
Currently running: no
Failed balancer rounds in last 5 attempts: 0
Migration Results for the last 24 hours:
No recent migrations
databases:
{ "_id" : "config", "primary" : "config", "partitioned" : true }
config.system.sessions
shard key: { "_id" : 1 }
unique: false
balancing: true
chunks:
shard1 1
{ "_id" : { "$minKey" : 1 } } -->> { "_id" : { "$maxKey" : 1 } } on : shard1 Timestamp(1, 0)
{ "_id" : "testdb", "primary" : "shard2", "partitioned" : true }
testdb.table1
shard key: { "_id" : 1 }
unique: false
balancing: true
chunks:
shard2 1
{ "_id" : { "$minKey" : 1 } } -->> { "_id" : { "$maxKey" : 1 } } on : shard2 Timestamp(1, 0)
mongos> use admin
switched to db admin
mongos> sh.enableSharding("testdb2")
{
"ok" : 1,
"$clusterTime" : {
"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1524602371, 7),
"signature" : {
"hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
"keyId" : NumberLong(0)
}
},
"operationTime" : Timestamp(1524602371, 7)
}
mongos> db.runCommand({shardcollection:"testdb2.table1", key:{_id:1}});
mongos> use testdb2
switched to db testdb2
mongos> for(i=1;i<=10000;i++){db.table1.insert({"id":i,"name":"huge"})};
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
mongos> sh.status()
--- Sharding Status ---
sharding version: {
"_id" : 1,
"minCompatibleVersion" : 5,
"currentVersion" : 6,
"clusterId" : ObjectId("5adf66d7518b3e5b3aad4e77")
}
shards:
{ "_id" : "shard1", "host" : "shard1/192.168.100.102:27017,192.168.100.102:27018,192.168.100.102:27019", "state" : 1 }
{ "_id" : "shard2", "host" : "shard2/192.168.100.103:27017,192.168.100.103:27018,192.168.100.103:27019", "state" : 1 }
active mongoses:
"3.6.3" : 1
autosplit:
Currently enabled: yes
balancer:
Currently enabled: yes
Currently running: no
Failed balancer rounds in last 5 attempts: 0
Migration Results for the last 24 hours:
No recent migrations
databases:
{ "_id" : "config", "primary" : "config", "partitioned" : true }
config.system.sessions
shard key: { "_id" : 1 }
unique: false
balancing: true
chunks:
shard1 1
{ "_id" : { "$minKey" : 1 } } -->> { "_id" : { "$maxKey" : 1 } } on : shard1 Timestamp(1, 0)
{ "_id" : "testdb", "primary" : "shard2", "partitioned" : true }
testdb.table1
shard key: { "_id" : 1 }
unique: false
balancing: true
chunks:
shard2 1
{ "_id" : { "$minKey" : 1 } } -->> { "_id" : { "$maxKey" : 1 } } on : shard2 Timestamp(1, 0)
{ "_id" : "testdb2", "primary" : "shard1", "partitioned" : true }
testdb2.table1
shard key: { "_id" : 1 }
unique: false
balancing: true
chunks:
shard1 1
{ "_id" : { "$minKey" : 1 } } -->> { "_id" : { "$maxKey" : 1 } } on : shard1 Timestamp(1, 0)
mongos> db.table1.stats() ##查看集合的分片狀況
{
"sharded" : true,
"capped" : false,
"ns" : "testdb2.table1",
"count" : 10000,
"size" : 490000,
"storageSize" : 167936,
"totalIndexSize" : 102400,
"indexSizes" : {
"_id_" : 102400
},
"avgObjSize" : 49,
"nindexes" : 1,
"nchunks" : 1,
"shards" : {
"shard1" : {
"ns" : "testdb2.table1",
"size" : 490000,
"count" : 10000,
"avgObjSize" : 49,
"storageSize" : 167936,
"capped" : false,
"wiredTiger" : {
"metadata" : {
"formatVersion" : 1
},
"creationString" :
...
在192.168.100.102和192.168.100.103上登陸mongos節點查看上述配置，發現已經同步；
在192.168.100.102上關閉shard1複製集的primary節點，測試mongos訪問數據依然沒有問題，實現了複製集的高可用；session
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