每日學習-ansible replace模塊

replace模塊用於在文件中根據指定的正則表達式替換匹配的內容

replace模塊經常使用參數

• path：必須參數，指定要修改的文件，2.3版本以前，這個參數叫dest、destfile、name；如今這三個名稱是path參數的別名
• regexp：必須參數，指定一個正則表達式，能夠是python正則
• replace：替換regexp參數匹配到的字符串，
• owner：結果文件或目錄的所屬用戶名，至關於chown命令修改
• group：結果文件或目錄的所屬組名，至關於chown命令修改
• mode：結果文件或目錄的權限，與chmod命令不一致的是，replace模塊的mode參數須要添加前導零，以便ansible的YAML解析器知道它是八進制；1.8版本後能夠設置爲符號模式（u+rwx或u=rw），2.6版本後能夠是特殊字符串（preserve），當設置爲'preserve'時，文件將被賦予與源文件相同的權限。
• others：能夠指定file模塊的全部參數
• encoding：用於讀取和寫入文件的字符編碼
• before：若是指定，則僅替換/刪除此匹配以前的內容，能夠和after參數結合使用
• after：若是指定，則僅替換/刪除此匹配以後的內容，能夠和before參數結合使用
• attributes：結果文件或目錄的特殊屬性，至關chattr，默認使用=運算符，指定文件或目錄的某項屬性
• backup：修改源文件前建立一個包含時間戳信息的備份文件

replace模塊doc文檔示例

- name: Before Ansible 2.3, option 'dest', 'destfile' or 'name' was used instead of 'path'
  replace:
    path: /etc/hosts
    regexp: '(\s+)old\.host\.name(\s+.*)?$'
    replace: '\1new.host.name\2'

- name: Replace after the expression till the end of the file (requires Ansible >= 2.4)
  replace:
    path: /etc/apache2/sites-available/default.conf
    after: 'NameVirtualHost [*]'
    regexp: '^(.+)$'
    replace: '# \1'

- name: Replace before the expression till the begin of the file (requires Ansible >= 2.4)
  replace:
    path: /etc/apache2/sites-available/default.conf
    before: '# live site config'
    regexp: '^(.+)$'
    replace: '# \1'

# Prior to Ansible 2.7.10, using before and after in combination did the opposite of what was intended.
# see https://github.com/ansible/ansible/issues/31354 for details.
- name: Replace between the expressions (requires Ansible >= 2.4)
  replace:
    path: /etc/hosts
    after: '<VirtualHost [*]>'
    before: '</VirtualHost>'
    regexp: '^(.+)$'
    replace: '# \1'

- name: Supports common file attributes
  replace:
    path: /home/jdoe/.ssh/known_hosts
    regexp: '^old\.host\.name[^\n]*\n'
    owner: jdoe
    group: jdoe
    mode: '0644'

- name: Supports a validate command
  replace:
    path: /etc/apache/ports
    regexp: '^(NameVirtualHost|Listen)\s+80\s*$'
    replace: '\1 127.0.0.1:8080'
    validate: '/usr/sbin/apache2ctl -f %s -t'

- name: Short form task (in ansible 2+) necessitates backslash-escaped sequences
  replace: path=/etc/hosts regexp='\\b(localhost)(\\d*)\\b' replace='\\1\\2.localdomain\\2 \\1\\2'

- name: Long form task does not
  replace:
    path: /etc/hosts
    regexp: '\b(localhost)(\d*)\b'
    replace: '\1\2.localdomain\2 \1\2'

- name: Explicitly specifying positional matched groups in replacement
  replace:
    path: /etc/ssh/sshd_config
    regexp: '^(ListenAddress[ ]+)[^\n]+$'
    replace: '\g<1>0.0.0.0'

- name: Explicitly specifying named matched groups
  replace:
    path: /etc/ssh/sshd_config
    regexp: '^(?P<dctv>ListenAddress[ ]+)(?P<host>[^\n]+)$'
    replace: '#\g<dctv>\g<host>\n\g<dctv>0.0.0.0'

replace模塊示例

- name: replace hostname
  replace: 
    path: /root/hwreport.txt
    regexp: "inventoryhostname"
    replace: "{{ ansible_hostnam }}"
- name: replace disk vdb
  replace: 
    path: /root/hwreport.txt
    regexp: "disk_vdb_size"
    replace: "{{ ansible_device.vdb.size }}"
  when: "'vdb' in ansible_devices"
- name: replace disk vdb
  replace: 
    path: /root/hwreport.txt
    regexp: "disk_vdb_size"
    replace: "NONE"
  when: "'vdb' not in ansible_devices"

引自：ansible-doc replace