MySQL運維之記錄一次因數據庫非正常關閉致使MySQL數據庫不可用修復(一)

問題描述

因MySQL數據庫所在數據目錄磁盤出現問題致使數據庫表出現以下問題,致使表找不到對應對應表空間
數據庫版本 mysql 5.7
show tables;   -- 能查詢到表存在
desc table_name;   -- 提示表不存在
在數據庫目錄下   ibd 與 frm文件都存在

錯誤日誌

[ERROR] InnoDB: Cannot read first page of '.db_test_2/user_test.ibd' I/O error
[ERROR] Innodb: Cannot read first page in datafile: ./db_test_2/user_test.ibd, Space ID:18445744073709551615, Flags: 33. Please refer to http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/innodb-troubleshooting-datadict.html for how to resolve the issue.
[ERROR] InnoDB: Operating system error number 2 in a file operation.
[ERROR] InnoDB: The error means the system cannot find the path specified.
[ERROR] InnoDB: If you are instaling InnoDB, remember that you must create directories yourself, InnoDB desc not create them.
[ERROR] InnoDB: Cloud not find a valid tablespace file for `db_test_2/user_test`. Please refer to http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/innodb-troubleshooting-datadict.html for how to resolve the issue.
[warning] InnoDB: Ignoring tablespace `db_test_2/user_test` bacause it could not be opened

解決步驟

新庫或者新實例上操做

一、在新實例上建表

mysql> create database db_name1;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> use db_name1;
Database changed
mysql> CREATE TABLE `user_test` (
   ->   `id` int(11) NOT NULL,
   ->   `name` varchar(48) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
   ->   `age` int(8) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
   ->   `comment` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
   ->   PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE
   -> ) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)

二、discard新建表的表空間

mysql> alter table db_name1.user_test discard tablespace;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

舊實例上操做

三、拷貝舊實例該表的ibd文件到新實例對應的位置

cp /data/mysql/data/db_test2/user_test.ibd /data/mysql/data/db_name1/
#scp /data/mysql/data/db_test2/user_test.ibd user@ip:/data/mysql/data/db_name1/

新庫或者新實例上操做

四、確保新實例下拷貝的ibd文件 權限與屬主正確

chown mysql:mysql /data/mysql/data/db_name1/user_test.ibd

五、導入拷貝過來的ibd文件

mysql> alter table db_name1.user_test import tablespace;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)

六、檢查

mysql> select * from db_name1.user_test limit 1;
+----+--------+------+---------+
| id | name   | age | comment |
+----+--------+------+---------+
|  1 | 小一   |   22 | 學生   |
+----+--------+------+---------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select count(1) from db_name1.user_test;
+----------+
| count(1) |
+----------+
|        5 |
+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

七、導出user_test 庫並拷貝備份文件至舊實例 --備份

mysqldump -uroot -p12345678 db_name1 user_test >/data/backup/user_test.sql
head -n 100 /data/backup/user_test.sql   # 檢查備份文件
scp /data/backup/user_test.sql  user@ip:/data/backup

舊實例上操做--恢復

八、刪除對應表的ibd文件

rm -rf /data/mysql/data/db_test_2/user_test.ibd

九、導入庫

mysql -uroot -p1234567  db_test_2 < /data/backup/user_test.sql

十、檢查

mysql> show tables;
+---------------------+
| Tables_in_db_test_2 |
+---------------------+
| user                |
| user_test           |
+---------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from  user_test limit 1;
+----+--------+------+---------+
| id | name   | age  | comment |
+----+--------+------+---------+
|  1 | 小一   |   22 | 學生    |
+----+--------+------+---------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select count(1) from user_test;
+----------+
| count(1) |
+----------+
|        5 |
+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

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