一、從DWR官網下載最新版本的jar包,地址:http://directwebremoting.org/dwr/downloads/index.htmljavascript
二、將jar包放入WEB-INF的lib文件夾下。同時,dwr依賴於commons-logging.jar這個包,因此必須將這個jar包也放入到WEB-INF的lib文件夾下。css
三、配置dwr的環境:
html
a)配置web.xml文件.java
<servlet>
<servlet-name>dwr-invoker</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>uk.ltd.getahead.dwr.DWRServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>debug</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>dwr-invoker</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/dwr/*</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
web.xml中其餘配置不影響,正常配置便可jquery
b)配置dwrweb
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE dwr PUBLIC "-//GetAhead Limited//DTD Direct Web Remoting 2.0//EN"
"http://www.getahead.ltd.uk/dwr/dwr20.dtd">
<!-- 關鍵配置 -->
<dwr>
<allow>
<create creator="new" javascript="Chat">
<param name="class" value="com.epri.xts.wxqyh.app.chatroom.module.Chat"/>
</create>
<convert converter="bean" match="com.epri.xts.wxqyh.app.chatroom.bean.Message"/>
</allow>
</dwr>
<!--
<!DOCTYPE dwr PUBLIC "-//GetAhead Limited//DTD Direct Web Remoting 1.0//EN" "http://www.getahead.ltd.uk/dwr/dwr10.dtd">
<!DOCTYPE dwr PUBLIC "-//GetAhead Limited//DTD Direct Web Remoting 2.0//EN" "http://www.getahead.ltd.uk/dwr/dwr20.dtd">
-->
dwr.xml是dwr的核心配置文件,主要的標籤有:<converter>、<convert>、<create>這三個標籤。ajax
<create>標籤是dwr中重要的標籤,用來描述 java(服務器端) 與 javascript (客戶端)的交互方式。其基本格式以下:spring
<allow> <create creator="..." javascript="..." scope="..."> <param name="..." value="..."/> <auth method="..." role="..."/> <exclude method="..."/> <include method="..."/> </create> ... </allow>
其中,creator和javascript是必須屬性,其餘能夠忽略。creator包含有如下幾個值:bootstrap
new:Java用「new」關鍵字創造對象服務器
none:它不建立對象 (v1.1+)
scripted:經過BSF使用腳本語言建立對象,例如BeanShell或Groovy
spring:經過Spring框架訪問Bean
struts:使用Struts的FormBean (v1.1+)
jsf:使用JSF的Bean (v1.1+)
pageflow:訪問Weblogic或Beehive的PageFlow (v1.1+)
ejb3:使用EJB3 session bean (v2.0+)
這裏初學,實用java new建立對象。
四、頁面配置
頁面須要引入3個JS
<script src="<%=ctxPath%>/dwr/interface/Chat.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="<%=ctxPath%>/dwr/engine.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="<%=ctxPath%>/dwr/util.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
其中engine.js必需要,若是須要用到dwr提供的一些方便的工具要引用util.js ,而後是dwr自動生成的js文件,名字必須和dwr.xml中create標籤的javascript屬性值同樣,且必須是dwr/interface開頭的目錄
(千萬不要這樣幹:曾經反編譯別人代碼學習時將這三個js反編譯後放到本地。。結果沒法執行。ps:必需要本身生成)
五、javascript代碼:
// 發送消息 function sendMessage() { var text = DWRUtil.getValue("message"); if("" != text){ DWRUtil.setValue("message", ""); Chat.addMessage(text, name, taskId, gotMessages); } } function gotMessages(messages) { var chatlog = ""; for ( var data in messages) { chatlog = "<div> <li class='even'>" + messages[data].text + "</li></div } DWRUtil.setValue("chatlog", chatlog); setTimeout("queryMessage()", 2000); } function queryMessage() { Chat.getMessages(taskId, gotMessages); }
html代碼
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <!DOCTYPE html> <% String ctxPath = request.getContextPath(); %> <html> <head> <title>聊天組</title> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="../css/jquery.mobile-1.4.5.min.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../css/bootstrap.min.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="../css/add.css"> <script src="../js/jquery-1.8.3.min.js"></script> <script src="../js/jquery.mobile-1.4.5.min.js"></script> </head> <body class="bgc" onload="queryMessage()"> <div data-role="page" id="pageone"> <!-- 聊天內容顯示區域 --> <div data-role="content" class="container" role="main"> <ul class="content-reply-box mg10" id="chatlog"> </ul> </div> <!-- 下方輸入框 --> <div data-position="fixed" data-role="footer"> <ul class="footer"> <li class="col-xs-3"> <span class="b_pic"> <form action="<%=request.getContextPath()%>/chat" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data" data-ajax="false" name="form" id="form" target="relnews"> <input type="hidden" name="name" id="name" value="" /> <input type="hidden" name="taskId" id="taskId" value="" /> <input type="file" name="image" id="image" class="photo" onchange="sendImage(this)" /> </form> </span> </li> <li class="col-xs-6"><input type="text" name="fname" id="message"></li> <li class="col-xs-4"><a href="" data-role="button" class="b_submit" id="submitInfo" onclick='sendMessage();'>發送</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <!-- 隱藏域做爲表單提交後頁面不跳轉使用 --> <iframe align="center" frameborder="0" marginheight="0" marginwidth="0" name="relnews" id="hiddenIframe" scrolling="no" style="width: 100%; height: 100%; display: none"> </iframe> </body> <script src="<%=ctxPath%>/dwr/interface/Chat.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="<%=ctxPath%>/dwr/engine.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="<%=ctxPath%>/dwr/util.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="../js/chat.js"></script> </html>
六、其餘
dwr能夠設置是否採用異步方式訪問java代碼:
dwr.engine.setAsync(false); //false爲同步,true(默認)爲異步
以及dwr對於異常的處理,這裏標註一個簡單的全局異常,細分的後續學習補充:
dwr.engine.setErrorHandler(errh); function errh(errorString, exception) { errorFlag = true; alert("操做失敗!"); }