python的xml模塊用法

xml是實現不一樣語言或程序之間進行數據交換的協議，跟json差很少，但json使用起來更簡單，不過，古時候，在json還沒誕生的黑暗年代，你們只能選擇用xml呀，至今不少傳統公司如金融行業的不少系統的接口還主要是xml。

xml的格式以下，就是經過<>節點來區別數據結構的:

<?xml version="1.0"?>
    <data>
    <country name="Liechtenstein">
        <rank updated="yes">2</rank>
        <year>2008</year>
        <gdppc>141100</gdppc>
        <neighbor name="Austria" direction="E"/>
        <neighbor name="Switzerland" direction="W"/>
    </country>
    <country name="Singapore">
        <rank updated="yes">5</rank>
        <year>2011</year>
        <gdppc>59900</gdppc>
        <neighbor name="Malaysia" direction="N"/>
    </country>
    <country name="Panama">
        <rank updated="yes">69</rank>
        <year>2011</year>
        <gdppc>13600</gdppc>
        <neighbor name="Costa Rica" direction="W"/>
        <neighbor name="Colombia" direction="E"/>
    </country>
</data>

xml協議在各個語言裏的都 是支持的，在python中能夠用如下模塊操做xml 　
　

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET

    tree = ET.parse("xmltest.xml")
    root = tree.getroot()
    print(root.tag)

    #遍歷xml文檔
    for child in root:
    print(child.tag, child.attrib)
    for i in child:
        print(i.tag,i.text)

    #只遍歷year 節點
    for node in root.iter('year'):
    print(node.tag,node.text)

修改和刪除xml文檔內容

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET

    tree = ET.parse("xmltest.xml")
    root = tree.getroot()

    #修改
    for node in root.iter('year'):
    new_year = int(node.text) + 1
    node.text = str(new_year)
    node.set("updated","yes")

    tree.write("xmltest.xml")


    #刪除node
    for country in root.findall('country'):
       rank = int(country.find('rank').text)
       if rank > 50:
         root.remove(country)

    tree.write('output.xml')

本身建立xml文檔

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET


    new_xml = ET.Element("namelist")
    name = ET.SubElement(new_xml,"name",attrib={"enrolled":"yes"})
    age = ET.SubElement(name,"age",attrib={"checked":"no"})
    sex = ET.SubElement(name,"sex")
    sex.text = '33'
    name2 = ET.SubElement(new_xml,"name",attrib={"enrolled":"no"})
    age = ET.SubElement(name2,"age")
    age.text = '19'

    et = ET.ElementTree(new_xml) #生成文檔對象
    et.write("test.xml", encoding="utf-8",xml_declaration=True)

    ET.dump(new_xml) #打印生成的格式