上一篇文章說了React的一部分基礎API,今天這一篇文章說一下React.children前端
在React.js中,摘取出Children,其中羅列了React.children的幾個方法react
const React = {
Children: {
map,
forEach,
count,
toArray,
only,
},
}
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有這樣一段代碼es6
import React from 'react';
function ChildrenDemo(props) {
console.log(props.children, 'props.children');
console.log(React.Children.map(props.children, item => item), 'map');
console.log(React.Children.map(props.children, item => [item, [item, item]]), 'map');
console.log(React.Children.forEach(props.children, item => item), 'forEach');
console.log(React.Children.forEach(props.children, item => [item, [item, item]]), 'forEach');
console.log(React.Children.toArray(props.children), 'toArray');
console.log(React.Children.count(props.children), 'count');
console.log(React.Children.only(props.children[0]), 'only');
return props.children
}
export default () => (
<ChildrenDemo>
<div>1</div>
<span>2</span>
</ChildrenDemo>
)
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咱們看一下,控制檯的輸出結果:web
咱們看到ajax
看到這裏,你們內心確定有一個疑問,爲何會返回這些結果呢?下面,咱們經過分析源碼來得到咱們想要的答案json
咱們經過斷點的方式一步一步地分析源碼流程,並在最後繪製出流程圖,加深理解數組
PS:引用react的時候引入react打包以後的文件(react.development.js)bash
import React from './react.development.js';
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import React from './react.development.js';
function ChildrenDemo(props) {
console.log(React.Children.map(props.children, item => item), 'map');
return props.children
}
export default () => (
<ChildrenDemo>
<div>1</div>
<span>2</span>
</ChildrenDemo>
)
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在react.development.js中,找到關於map方法的全部函數,在須要的地方打上斷點,咱們看它是如何執行的。閉包
經過斷點,map方法先執行mapChildren函數app
function mapChildren(children, func, context) {
//判斷傳入的children是否爲null
if (children == null) {
// 爲null,直接返回children
return children;
}
// 不爲null,定義一個result
var result = [];
// 調用函數,並傳入相應的五個參數
mapIntoWithKeyPrefixInternal(children, result, null, func, context);
// 返回result
return result;
}
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// 方法接收五個參數
function mapIntoWithKeyPrefixInternal(children, array, prefix, func, context){
// 定義escapedPrefix,方便後面傳參
var escapedPrefix = '';
// 判斷傳入的參數prefix不爲null
if (prefix != null) {
// 若是prefix不爲空,則調用escapeUserProvidedKey方法,傳入prefix,在得到的結果後加上'/'
escapedPrefix = escapeUserProvidedKey(prefix) + '/';
}
// 調用getPooledTraverseContext方法傳入四個參數,將得到的結果賦值爲traverseContext,方便爲下面函數傳參
var traverseContext = getPooledTraverseContext(array, escapedPrefix, func, context);
// 調用traverseAllChildren方法,傳入三個參數,其中mapSingleChildIntoContext是一個函數,這個函數的做用就是將嵌套的數組展開
traverseAllChildren(children, mapSingleChildIntoContext, traverseContext);
// 調用releaseTraverseContext方法,傳入參數
releaseTraverseContext(traverseContext);
}
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const userProvidedKeyEscapeRegex = /\/+/g;
// 匹配連續的'\'並替換爲'$&/'
function escapeUserProvidedKey(text) {
return ('' + text).replace(userProvidedKeyEscapeRegex, '$&/');
}
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該方法的主要做用是:建立一個對象池,複用Object,從而減小不少對象建立帶來的內存佔用和gc(垃圾回收)的損耗
// 這裏定義了一個size爲10的緩衝池
const POOL_SIZE = 10;
var traverseContextPool = [];
function getPooledTraverseContext(mapResult, keyPrefix, mapFunction, mapContext) {
if (traverseContextPool.length) { // 若是緩衝池中有值,則取出一個值使用
var traverseContext = traverseContextPool.pop();
traverseContext.result = mapResult;
traverseContext.keyPrefix = keyPrefix;
traverseContext.func = mapFunction;
traverseContext.context = mapContext;
traverseContext.count = 0;
return traverseContext;
} else { // 若是緩衝池中沒有值,則直接將傳入的參數賦值並返回一個對象
return {
result: mapResult,
keyPrefix: keyPrefix,
func: mapFunction,
context: mapContext,
count: 0
};
}
}
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上面的兩種狀況的返回值就是調用函數時接收的變量值。
// 函數傳入了三個參數,第一個參數時children,第二個參數是一個mapSingleChildIntoContext函數,第三個參數時咱們通過上面方法返回的值
function traverseAllChildren(children, callback, traverseContext) {
// 假設子節點爲空,直接返回0
if (children == null) {
return 0;
}
// 不然調用traverseAllChildrenImpl函數
return traverseAllChildrenImpl(children, '', callback, traverseContext);
}
// mapSingleChildIntoContext函數
function mapSingleChildIntoContext(bookKeeping, child, childKey) {
const {result, keyPrefix, func, context} = bookKeeping;
let mappedChild = func.call(context, child, bookKeeping.count++);
if (Array.isArray(mappedChild)) {
// 判斷mappedChild是否是一個數組,若是是,再次調用mapIntoWithKeyPrefixInternal函數
mapIntoWithKeyPrefixInternal(mappedChild, result, childKey, c => c);
} else if (mappedChild != null) {// 若是不是數組,而且mappedChild部位null
// 判斷mappedChild在isValidElement函數中的返回值是否是true,是才能夠調用cloneAndReplaceKey方法,傳入了mappedChild節點的key值
if (isValidElement(mappedChild)) {
mappedChild = cloneAndReplaceKey(
mappedChild,
// Keep both the (mapped) and old keys if they differ, just as
// traverseAllChildren used to do for objects as children
keyPrefix +
(mappedChild.key && (!child || child.key !== mappedChild.key)
? escapeUserProvidedKey(mappedChild.key) + '/'
: '') +
childKey,
);
}
// 最後在result中加入處理好的mappedChild節點,result是咱們在控制檯打印出來的值
result.push(mappedChild);
}
}
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// 函數接收了四個參數
function traverseAllChildrenImpl(children, nameSoFar, callback, traverseContext) {
// 首先會判斷children的類型
var type = typeof children;
// 若是類型爲undefined或者是布爾類型,讓children爲null
if (type === 'undefined' || type === 'boolean') {
// All of the above are perceived as null.
children = null;
}
// 定義一個布爾類型變量,用來判斷是否要調用傳進來的callback
var invokeCallback = false;
if (children === null) { // 假如子節點爲null,讓標識變量變爲true-
invokeCallback = true;
} else { // 假如與上相反,會判斷type的具體類型
switch (type) {
case 'string':
case 'number': // 是數字,將標識變爲true
invokeCallback = true;
break;
case 'object': // 是object,繼續判斷子節點中的$$typeof
switch (children.$$typeof) {
// 是'REACT_ELEMENT_TYPE'類型,不作任何處理
case REACT_ELEMENT_TYPE:
case REACT_PORTAL_TYPE: // 是REACT_PORTAL_TYPE將標誌改成true
invokeCallback = true;
}
}
}
// 假如invokeCallback爲true,會調用傳進來的callback,也就是mapSingleChildIntoContext函數,這裏會返回新的參數
if (invokeCallback) {
callback(traverseContext, children,
// If it's the only child, treat the name as if it was wrapped in an array // so that it's consistent if the number of children grows.
// SEPARATOR是key最開始有的'.',這裏是當傳入的nameSoFar爲空時,要調用getComponentKey方法,
nameSoFar === '' ? SEPARATOR + getComponentKey(children, 0) : nameSoFar);
return 1;
}
var child = void 0;
var nextName = void 0;
var subtreeCount = 0; // Count of children found in the current subtree.
// 定義一個nextNamePrefix,這裏是第二層子節點的key值處理,SUBSEPARATOR初值爲':'
var nextNamePrefix = nameSoFar === '' ? SEPARATOR : nameSoFar + SUBSEPARATOR;
// 判斷children是否是一個數組
if (Array.isArray(children)) { // 是數組,會循環子節點
for (var i = 0; i < children.length; i++) {
child = children[i];
// 這裏調用了getComponentKey方法,處理節點的key值
nextName = nextNamePrefix + getComponentKey(child, i);
// 統計子節點個數,會繼續調用traverseAllChildrenImpl,此次給函數傳遞的是子節點,也就是json類型的數據,運用了遞歸的思想
subtreeCount += traverseAllChildrenImpl(child, nextName, callback, traverseContext);
}
} else { // 不是數組
var iteratorFn = getIteratorFn(children);
if (typeof iteratorFn === 'function') {
{
// Warn about using Maps as children
if (iteratorFn === children.entries) { // 報警告
!didWarnAboutMaps ? warning$1(false, 'Using Maps as children is unsupported and will likely yield ' + 'unexpected results. Convert it to a sequence/iterable of keyed ' + 'ReactElements instead.') : void 0;
didWarnAboutMaps = true;
}
}
var iterator = iteratorFn.call(children);
var step = void 0;
var ii = 0;
while (!(step = iterator.next()).done) {
child = step.value;
nextName = nextNamePrefix + getComponentKey(child, ii++);
subtreeCount += traverseAllChildrenImpl(child, nextName, callback, traverseContext);
}
} else if (type === 'object') {
var addendum = '';
{
addendum = ' If you meant to render a collection of children, use an array ' + 'instead.' + ReactDebugCurrentFrame.getStackAddendum();
}
var childrenString = '' + children;
(function () {
{
{
throw ReactError(Error('Objects are not valid as a React child (found: ' + (childrenString === '[object Object]' ? 'object with keys {' + Object.keys(children).join(', ') + '}' : childrenString) + ').' + addendum));
}
}
})();
}
}
// 返回了子節點數量
return subtreeCount;
}
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function releaseTraverseContext(traverseContext) {
traverseContext.result = null;
traverseContext.keyPrefix = null;
traverseContext.func = null;
traverseContext.context = null;
traverseContext.count = 0;
if (traverseContextPool.length < POOL_SIZE) {
traverseContextPool.push(traverseContext);
}
}
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而後返回的result就是咱們在控制檯輸出的結果。
import React from '../react.development.js';
function ChildrenDemo(props) {
console.log(React.Children.map(props.children, item => [item, [item, item]]), 'map');
return props.children
}
export default () => (
<ChildrenDemo>
<div>1</div>
<span>2</span>
</ChildrenDemo>
)
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這時候,傳入的展開數組函數方法變得不同了,咱們仍是按照上述的方法再走一遍流程,看看二者之間有什麼不一樣和相同。
咱們經過debugger發現,函數的執行流程和上述並無什麼不用,只是某幾個函數執行的次數發生了變化。
咱們知道在es6語法中map和forEach方法都是遍歷一個數組,在這裏邊也是一樣的,只是map方法有返回,而forEach方法沒有,因此這篇文章再也不對forEach進行講解。
import React from '../react.development.js';
function ChildrenDemo(props) {
console.log(React.Children.toArray(props.children), 'toArray');
return props.children
}
export default () => (
<ChildrenDemo>
<div>1</div>
<span>2</span>
</ChildrenDemo>
)
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經過的debugger,咱們發現它接下來要走的流程和map函數是同樣的。
import React from '../react.development.js';
function ChildrenDemo(props) {
console.log(React.Children.count(props.children), 'count');
return props.children
}
export default () => (
<ChildrenDemo>
<div>1</div>
<span>2</span>
</ChildrenDemo>
)
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count的入口函數
function countChildren(children) {
return traverseAllChildren(children, function () {
return null;
}, null);
}
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它調用了展平數組的函數,咱們在上面寫源碼過程的時候,在traverseAllChildrenImpl函數中計算了節點的個數。
import React from '../react.development.js';
function ChildrenDemo(props) {
console.log(React.Children.only(props.children[0]), 'only');
return props.children
}
export default () => (
<ChildrenDemo>
<div>1</div>
<span>2</span>
</ChildrenDemo>
)
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在上面,咱們在控制檯打印的結果是一個json數據,包括了咱們傳進去節點的信息。下面,咱們來看一下,它的源碼部分
function onlyChild(children) {
// 一個閉包函數,假設傳入的不是一個節點,那麼會拋出異常
(function () {
if (!isValidElement(children)) {
{
throw ReactError(Error('React.Children.only expected to receive a single React element child.'));
}
}
})();
// 若是沒問題,就會返回傳過來的節點信息
return children;
}
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咱們把React.children的五個方法都一一分析完畢,咱們發現除了onlyChild的方法都執行了共同的方法。因此,爲了能更加清晰和更好地的理解React.children方法的流程,咱們畫一張流程圖感覺一下(這裏只畫map方法的)
function mapChildren(array) {
var result = [];
for(var i = 0;i < array.length; i++) {
if (Array.isArray(array[i])) {
// 遞歸思想
result = result.concat(mapChildren(array[i]))
} else {
result.push(array[i])
}
}
return result;
}
const result = mapChildren([1,[1,2,[3,4,5]]])
console.log(result); // [1,1,2,3,4,5]
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function mapChildren(array) {
while(array.some(item => Array.isArray(item)))
array = [].concat(...array);
return array
}
const result = mapChildren([1,[1,2,[3,4,5]]])
console.log(result); // [1,1,2,3,4,5]
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React.children的源碼至此所有分析完畢,咱們要學習到框架的思想,拓展咱們的思惟,將這些思想運用到實戰中,而且改善編碼習慣,寫出高質量的代碼~
上述文章若有不對之處,還請你們指點出來,咱們共同窗習,共同進步~
最後,分享一下個人公衆號【web前端日記】,關注後有資料能夠領取(通常人我不告訴哦)~