lvs+keepalived實現高可用負載均衡集羣

時間 2019-11-15

標籤 lvs+keepalived lvs keepalived 實現可用負載均衡集羣欄目負載均衡简体版

原文原文鏈接

1、LVS+Keepalived介紹

1. LVSlinux

‍LVS是Linux Virtual Server的簡寫，意即Linux虛擬服務器，是一個虛擬的服務器集羣系統。本項目在1998年5月由章文嵩博士成立，是中國國內最先出現的自由軟件項目之一。目前有三種IP負載均衡技術（VS/NAT、VS/TUN和VS/DR）；八種調度算法（rr,wrr,lc,wlc,lblc,lblcr,dh,sh）。‍算法

2. Keepalivedbash

Keepalived在這裏主要用做RealServer的健康狀態檢查以及LoadBalance主機和BackUP主機之間failover的實現。服務器

2、網站負載均衡拓樸圖

+---------------------------------VIP（192.168.1.222）---------------------------------+app

| | |負載均衡

| | |oop

server（MASTER）<--------------------keepalived------------------->server（BACKUP）網站

192.168.1.202 192.168.1.204spa

IP規劃：操作系統

Hostname	IP
VIP	192.168.1.222
MASTER	192.168.1.202
BACKUP	192.168.1.204
REALSERVER1	192.168.1.203
REALSERVER2	192.168.1.201

3、部署步驟

安裝LVS和Keepalived軟件包

1. 下載相關軟件包

mkdir /usr/local/src/lvs

cd /usr/local/src/lvs

wget http://down1.chinaunix.net/distfiles/ipvsadm-1.24.tar.gz

wget http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.2.19.tar.gz

2. 安裝LVS和Keepalived

lsmod |grep ip_vs #顯示已載入系統的ip_vs模塊

uname -r #顯示操做系統的發行版號

2.6.32-279.el6.x86_64 #操做系統的發行版號

yum install kernel-devel #安裝與系統內核配套的開發包

yum -y install popt*

yum -y install libnl*

yum -y install openssl*

ln -s /usr/src/kernels/2.6.32-279.9.1.el6.x86_64/ /usr/src/linux #創建軟鏈接

tar zxvf ipvsadm-1.24.tar.gz

cd ipvsadm-1.24

make && make install

find / -name ipvsadm # 查看ipvsadm的位置

tar zxvf keepalived-1.1.15.tar.gz

cd keepalived-1.1.15

./configure && make && make install

find / -name keepalived # 查看keepalived位置

cp /usr/local/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/rc.d/init.d/

cp /usr/local/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/

mkdir /etc/keepalived

cp /usr/local/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/

cp /usr/local/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/

service keepalived start|stop #作成系統啓動服務方便管理.

3. 配置realserver腳本

在192.168.203（realserver）上配置，腳本我保存在了/opt下

#!/bin/bash

#description Config LVS to realserver lo and apply noarp

#Written by ce

VIP=192.168.1.222

. /etc/init.d/functions

case "$1" in

start)

ifconfig lo:0 $VIP netmask 255.255.255.255 broadcast $VIP

echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore

echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce

echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore

echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce

sysctl -p >/dev/null 2>&1

echo "RealServer Start OK"

;;

stop)

ifconfig lo:0 down

echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore

echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce

echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore

echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce

echo "RealServer Stoped"

;;

echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop}"

exit 1

esac

exit 0

chmod a+x /opt/realserver.sh #賦予可執行權限

/opt/realserver.sh start #啓動

以後，經過rsync遠程備份到192.168.1.201（另外一臺realserver上）

rsync -av /opt/realserver.sh root@192.168.1.201:/root/

而後，在192.168.1.201上啓動realserver腳本。

4. 利用keepalived實現負載均衡和高可用性

1. 配置在主負載均衡服務器(192.168.1.202)上配置keepalived.conf

vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {

router_id LVS_DEVEL

}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {

state MASTER

interface eth0

virtual_router_id 51

priority 100

advert_int 1

authentication {

auth_type PASS

auth_pass 1111

}

virtual_ipaddress {

192.168.1.222

}

virtual_server 192.168.1.222 80 {

delay_loop 6

lb_algo wrr

lb_kind DR

persistence_timeout 60

protocol TCP

real_server 192.168.1.203 80 {

weight 3

TCP_CHECK {

connect_timeout 10

nb_get_retry 3

delay_before_retry 3

connect_port 80

}

real_server 192.168.1.201 80 {

weight 3

TCP_CHECK {

connect_timeout 10

nb_get_retry 3

delay_before_retry 3

connect_port 80

}

2. 配置在備份負載均衡服務器(192.168.1.204)上配置keepalived.conf

vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {

router_id LVS_DEVEL

}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {

state BACKUP

interface eth0

virtual_router_id 51

priority 99

advert_int 1

authentication {

auth_type PASS

auth_pass 1111

}

virtual_ipaddress {

192.168.1.222

}

virtual_server 192.168.1.222 80 {

delay_loop 6

lb_algo wrr

lb_kind DR

persistence_timeout 60

protocol TCP

real_server 192.168.1.203 80 {

weight 3

TCP_CHECK {

connect_timeout 10

nb_get_retry 3

delay_before_retry 3

connect_port 80

}

real_server 192.168.1.201 80 {

weight 3

TCP_CHECK {

connect_timeout 10

nb_get_retry 3

delay_before_retry 3

connect_port 80

}

3. 啓動keepalived

/etc/init.d/keepalived start（或者service keepalived start）

啓動keepalived 服務，keepalived就能利用keepalived.conf 配置文件，實現負載均衡和高可用. 整個LVS負均衡HA方案，由keepalived.conf一個文件便可搞定！‍

4. 查看lvs服務是否正常

ipvsadm -ln

IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)

Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags

-> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn

TCP 192.168.1.200:80 wrr persistent 60

-> 192.168.1.203:80 Route 3 0
-> 192.168.1.201:80 Route 3 0

tail ‍‍–f /var/log/message‍‍ 監聽日誌，查看狀態。

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