從新想象 Windows 8 Store Apps (42) - 多線程之線程池: 延遲執行, 週期執行, 在線程池中找一個線程去執行指定的方法

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從新想象 Windows 8 Store Apps (42) - 多線程之線程池: 延遲執行, 週期執行, 在線程池中找一個線程去執行指定的方法



做者:webabcd


介紹
從新想象 Windows 8 Store Apps 之 線程池html5

  • 經過 ThreadPoolTimer 實現延遲執行
  • 經過 ThreadPoolTimer 實現週期執行
  • 經過 ThreadPool 實現「在線程池中找一個線程去執行指定的方法」



示例
一、經過 ThreadPoolTimer 實現延遲執行(ThreadPoolTimer 在 Windows.System.Threading 命名空間下)
Thread/ThreadPool/DelayTimer.xamlweb

<Page
    x:Class="XamlDemo.Thread.ThreadPool.DelayTimer"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    xmlns:local="using:XamlDemo.Thread.ThreadPool"
    xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
    xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
    mc:Ignorable="d">

    <Grid Background="Transparent">
        <StackPanel Margin="120 0 0 0">
            
            <TextBlock Name="lblMsg" FontSize="14.667" />
            
            <Button Name="btnCreateDelay" Content="延遲 3 秒後執行一個任務" Click="btnCreateDelay_Click_1" Margin="0 10 0 0" />

            <Button Name="btnCancelDelay" Content="取消任務" Click="btnCancelDelay_Click_1" Margin="0 10 0 0" />

        </StackPanel>
    </Grid>
</Page>

Thread/ThreadPool/DelayTimer.xaml.csexpress

/*
 * 經過 ThreadPoolTimer 實現延遲執行(ThreadPoolTimer 在 Windows.System.Threading 命名空間下)
 * 
 * ThreadPoolTimer - 計時器
 *     ThreadPoolTimer CreateTimer(TimerElapsedHandler handler, TimeSpan delay, TimerDestroyedHandler destroyed); - 建立一個用於延遲執行的計時器
 *         handler - 指定的延遲時間事後,所須要執行的方法
 *         delay - 延遲時間
 *         destroyed - 當 ThreadPoolTimer 完成了自身的使命後所執行的方法(好比延遲方法執行完了或計時器被取消了)
 *     Cancel() - 取消計時器
 *     Delay - 延遲時間,只讀
 */

using System;
using Windows.UI.Xaml;
using Windows.UI.Xaml.Controls;
using Windows.System.Threading;
using Windows.UI.Core;

namespace XamlDemo.Thread.ThreadPool
{
    public sealed partial class DelayTimer : Page
    {      
        private ThreadPoolTimer _timer;

        public DelayTimer()
        {
            this.InitializeComponent();
        }

        // 建立一個延遲計時器
        private void btnCreateDelay_Click_1(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            _timer = ThreadPoolTimer.CreateTimer(
                (timer) => 
                {
                    var ignored = Dispatcher.RunAsync(CoreDispatcherPriority.High,
                        () =>
                        {
                            lblMsg.Text = "任務執行了";
                        });
                },
                TimeSpan.FromSeconds(3), 
                (timer) => 
                {
                    var ignored = Dispatcher.RunAsync(CoreDispatcherPriority.High,
                        () =>
                        {
                            lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
                            lblMsg.Text += "ThreadPoolTimer 的使命結束了";
                        });
                });

            lblMsg.Text = "延遲 3 秒後執行一個任務";
        }

        // 取消計時器
        private void btnCancelDelay_Click_1(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            if (_timer != null)
            {
                _timer.Cancel();
                _timer = null;

                lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
                lblMsg.Text += "任務取消了";
            }
        }
    }
}


二、經過 ThreadPoolTimer 實現週期執行(ThreadPoolTimer 在 Windows.System.Threading 命名空間下)
Thread/ThreadPool/PeriodicTimer.xamlwindows

<Page
    x:Class="XamlDemo.Thread.ThreadPool.PeriodicTimer"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    xmlns:local="using:XamlDemo.Thread.ThreadPool"
    xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
    xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
    mc:Ignorable="d">

    <Grid Background="Transparent">
        <StackPanel Margin="120 0 0 0">

            <TextBlock Name="lblMsg" FontSize="14.667" />

            <Button Name="btnCreatePeriodic" Content="執行一個週期任務" Click="btnCreatePeriodic_Click_1" Margin="0 10 0 0" />

            <Button Name="btnCancelPeriodic" Content="取消任務" Click="btnCancelPeriodic_Click_1" Margin="0 10 0 0" />

        </StackPanel>
    </Grid>
</Page>

Thread/ThreadPool/PeriodicTimer.xaml.cs多線程

/*
 * 經過 ThreadPoolTimer 實現週期執行(ThreadPoolTimer 在 Windows.System.Threading 命名空間下)
 * 
 * ThreadPoolTimer - 計時器
 *     ThreadPoolTimer CreatePeriodicTimer(TimerElapsedHandler handler, TimeSpan period, TimerDestroyedHandler destroyed) - 建立一個用於延遲執行的計時器
 *         handler - 每一個週期時間點到達以後,所須要執行的方法
 *         period - 週期執行的間隔時間
 *         destroyed - 當 ThreadPoolTimer 完成了自身的使命後所執行的方法(好比計時器被取消了)
 *     Cancel() - 取消計時器
 *     Period - 間隔時間,只讀
 */

using System;
using Windows.System.Threading;
using Windows.UI.Core;
using Windows.UI.Xaml;
using Windows.UI.Xaml.Controls;

namespace XamlDemo.Thread.ThreadPool
{
    public sealed partial class PeriodicTimer : Page
    {
        private ThreadPoolTimer _timer;
        private int _periodicTimerCount = 0;

        public PeriodicTimer()
        {
            this.InitializeComponent();
        }

        // 建立一個週期計時器
        private void btnCreatePeriodic_Click_1(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            _timer = ThreadPoolTimer.CreatePeriodicTimer(
                (timer) =>
                {
                    _periodicTimerCount++;

                    var ignored = Dispatcher.RunAsync(CoreDispatcherPriority.High,
                        () =>
                        {
                            lblMsg.Text = "任務執行次數:" + _periodicTimerCount.ToString();
                        });
                },
                // 第 1 次執行 handler 是在計時器被建立的 100 毫秒以後,而後每 100 毫秒執行一次 handler
                // 計時器會保證每 100 毫秒調用一次 handler,而無論上一次 handler 是否已執行完
                TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(100), 
                (timer) => 
                {
                    var ignored = Dispatcher.RunAsync(CoreDispatcherPriority.High,
                        () =>
                        {
                            lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
                            lblMsg.Text += "ThreadPoolTimer 的使命結束了";
                        });
                });

            lblMsg.Text = "任務執行次數:0";
        }

        // 取消計時器
        private void btnCancelPeriodic_Click_1(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            if (_timer != null)
            {
                _timer.Cancel();
                _timer = null;
                _periodicTimerCount = 0;

                lblMsg.Text = "任務取消了";
            }
        }
    }
}


三、經過 ThreadPool 實現「在線程池中找一個線程去執行指定的方法」(ThreadPool 在 Windows.System.Threading 命名空間下)
Thread/ThreadPool/WorkItem.xamlapp

<Page
    x:Class="XamlDemo.Thread.ThreadPool.WorkItem"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    xmlns:local="using:XamlDemo.Thread.ThreadPool"
    xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
    xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
    mc:Ignorable="d">

    <Grid Background="Transparent">
        <StackPanel Margin="120 0 0 0">

            <TextBlock Name="lblMsg" FontSize="14.667" />

            <TextBlock Name="lblProgress" FontSize="14.667" />

            <Button Name="btnCreateWorkItem" Content="在線程池中找一個線程去執行指定的方法" Click="btnCreateWorkItem_Click_1" Margin="0 10 0 0" />
            <Button Name="btnCancelWorkItem" Content="取消任務" Click="btnCancelWorkItem_Click_1" Margin="0 10 0 0" />

            <Button Name="btnCreateWorkItemByAwait" Content="經過 async await 簡化「在線程池中找一個線程去執行指定的方法」" Click="btnCreateWorkItemByAwait_Click_1" Margin="0 30 0 0" />

        </StackPanel>
    </Grid>
</Page>

Thread/ThreadPool/WorkItem.xaml.csasp.net

/*
 * 經過 ThreadPool 實現「在線程池中找一個線程去執行指定的方法」(ThreadPool 在 Windows.System.Threading 命名空間下)
 * 
 * ThreadPool - 線程池
 *     IAsyncAction RunAsync(WorkItemHandler handler, WorkItemPriority priority) - 在線程池中找一個線程去執行指定的方法,並指定其優先級
 *         handler - 須要調用的方法
 *         priority - 優先級(Windows.UI.Core.CoreDispatcherPriority 枚舉:Low, Normal, High)
 *         
 *     
 * 注:關於 IAsyncAction 請參見 XamlDemo/Thread/Async 中的說明
 */

using System;
using System.Threading;
using Windows.Foundation;
using Windows.System.Threading;
using Windows.UI.Core;
using Windows.UI.Xaml;
using Windows.UI.Xaml.Controls;

namespace XamlDemo.Thread.ThreadPool
{
    public sealed partial class WorkItem : Page
    {
        private IAsyncAction _threadPoolWorkItem;
        private ManualResetEvent _sleep = new ManualResetEvent(false);

        public WorkItem()
        {
            this.InitializeComponent();
        }

        // 在線程池中找一個線程去執行指定的方法,並指定其優先級
        private void btnCreateWorkItem_Click_1(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            _threadPoolWorkItem = Windows.System.Threading.ThreadPool.RunAsync(
                (threadPoolWorkItem) =>
                {
                    int percent = 0; // 用於模擬執行進度(0 - 100)
                    while (percent < 100)
                    {
                        // 當前線程 sleep 100 毫秒
                        _sleep.WaitOne(100);

                        // 若是 IAsyncAction 被取消了則退出此 handler 的執行
                        if (threadPoolWorkItem.Status == AsyncStatus.Canceled)
                            break;

                        percent++;

                        var ignored = Dispatcher.RunAsync(CoreDispatcherPriority.High,
                            () =>
                            {
                                lblProgress.Text = "進度:" + percent.ToString() + "%";
                            });
                    }
                },
                WorkItemPriority.High);

            // IAsyncAction 完成以後(好比任務完成了或者任務取消了)
            // 關於 IAsyncAction 的詳細說明請參見 XamlDemo/Thread/Async
            _threadPoolWorkItem.Completed = new AsyncActionCompletedHandler(
                async (IAsyncAction threadPoolWorkItem, AsyncStatus status) =>
                {
                    await Dispatcher.RunAsync(CoreDispatcherPriority.High,
                        () =>
                        {
                            switch (status)
                            {
                                case AsyncStatus.Completed:
                                    lblMsg.Text = "任務完成了";
                                    break;
                                case AsyncStatus.Canceled:
                                    lblMsg.Text = "任務取消了";
                                    break;
                                case AsyncStatus.Started:
                                case AsyncStatus.Error:
                                    break;
                            }
                        });
                });

            lblProgress.Text = "進度:0%";
            lblMsg.Text = "任務開始了";
        }

        // 取消任務
        private void btnCancelWorkItem_Click_1(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            if (_threadPoolWorkItem != null)
            {
                _threadPoolWorkItem.Cancel();
                _threadPoolWorkItem = null;
            }
        }


        // 經過 async await 簡化 ThreadPool.RunAsync() 的使用(關於 async 和 await 的詳細說明請參見 XamlDemo/Thread/Async)
        private async void btnCreateWorkItemByAwait_Click_1(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            lblProgress.Text = "";
            lblMsg.Text = "";

            string result = "";

            await Windows.System.Threading.ThreadPool.RunAsync(
                delegate
                {
                    new ManualResetEvent(false).WaitOne(3000);
                    result = "在線程池中找一個線程去執行指定的邏輯,而後經過 await 返回 UI 線程";
                });

            lblMsg.Text = result;
        }
    }
}



OK
[源碼下載]async

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