Linux安裝python3+模塊：requests，selenium和pyvirtualdisplay

1、首先，張貼其python腳本代碼，從中能夠看到，在安裝python外，須要另外安裝python的如下模塊：requests，selenium和pyvirtualdisplay

#!-*- coding:utf-8 -*-
from pyvirtualdisplay import Display
from selenium import webdriver
import requests
#要簽到的QQ羣號列表
groupid = [123456789,987654321]
headers = {"Content-Type":"application/x-www-form-urlencoded","Host":"qiandao.qun.qq.com","Origin":"http://qiandao.qun.qq.com","Referer": "http://qiandao.qun.qq.com","User-Agent":"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/51.0.2704.84 Safari/537.36"}
#建立一個啓動session的請求對象
s = requests.Session()
def login():
        try:
                #啓動一個虛擬桌面
                display = Display(visible=0, size=(1100,700))
                display.start()
                driver = webdriver.Firefox()
                driver.set_window_position(20, 40)
                driver.set_window_size(1100,700)
                #打開QQ登陸界面 準備登陸
                driver.get('http://qzone.qq.com')
                driver.switch_to_frame('login_frame')
                driver.find_element_by_id('switcher_plogin').click()
                driver.find_element_by_id('u').clear()
                #填寫QQ賬號
                driver.find_element_by_id('u').send_keys('qq號')
                driver.find_element_by_id('p').clear()
                #填寫QQ密碼
                driver.find_element_by_id('p').send_keys('****zh30.com****')
                #模擬點擊登陸按鈕 執行登陸 獲取cookie
                driver.find_element_by_id('login_button').click()
                cookies = driver.get_cookies()
                #退出瀏覽器
                driver.quit()
                display.stop()
                return cookies
        except:
                pass

cookies = login()
for cookie in cookies:
        if cookie['name'] == 'skey':
                skey = cookie['value']
        s.cookies.set(cookie['name'], cookie['value'])

#計算bkn並存入cookie
e = 5381
for i in range(len(skey)):
    e = e + (e<<5)+ord(skey[i])
bkn = str(2147483647 & e)
s.cookies.set("Gtk", bkn)
#簽到方法
def sign(groupid):
    for gid in groupid:
        response = s.post("http://qiandao.qun.qq.com/cgi-bin/sign", data={"gc":gid, "is_sign":0, "bkn":bkn}, headers=headers)
        responseJson = response.json()
        if responseJson.has_key('em') and responseJson['em'] == 'no&nbsp;login':
            break
#開始簽到
sign(groupid)

2、安裝python

1) 下載python3.3
~$ wget http://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.3.0/Python-3.3.0.tgz
2) 解壓、進入目錄、建立安裝目錄
~$ tar -zxvf Python-3.3.0.tgz
~$ cd Python-3.3.0
~$ mkdir /usr/local/python33
3) 編譯、安裝。（–prefix 指定安裝到的位置；若是是centos5或其它版本，有可能在安裝完後python中import zlib時會提示no module named zlib，須要在這條語句後面追加參數 –with-zlib）
~$ ./configure –prefix=/usr/local/python33
~$ make && make install
4) 設置，由於安裝完後 系統默認執行python命令時仍是啓動的2.7，咱們須要把默認的2.7從bin目錄中轉移走，換成咱們的python3.3。
~$ mv /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/python27
~$ ln -s /usr/local/python33/bin/python3.3 /usr/bin/python
以上兩句 第一句 將原系統中的python重命令爲python27，第二句建立軟鏈接(快捷方式)指向到咱們新安裝的python3.3。這樣在系統命令行中兩個版本python均可以用。運行python將啓動python3.3，運行python26將啓動python2.7。

3、安裝pyhton的模塊

ps:不知爲何，直接用pip安裝了request,pyvirtualdisplay和selenium都無論用。因此改用源代碼安裝

1.安裝requests模塊
sudo git clone git://github.com/kennethreitz/requests.git
cd requests/
sudo python setup.py install

2.安裝selenium
tar包下載地址：
https://git.oschina.net/tanjiajun/python/repository/archive/master
上傳到linux,解壓，安裝
sudo tar -zxvf selenium-3.0.2.tar.gz
cd selenium-3.0.2
sudo python setup.py install
若是是pip安裝的話，運行：sudo pip3 install selenium

3.安裝pyvirtualdisplay
tar包下載地址：
https://git.oschina.net/tanjiajun/python/raw/master/PyVirtualDisplay-0.2.1.tar.gz
上傳到linux,解壓，安裝
sudo tar -zxvf PyVirtualDisplay-0.2.1.tar.gz
cd PyVirtualDisplay-0.2.1
sudo python setup.py install

 4.還有一個在selenium模塊中，咱們例子由於用到webdriver.Firefox()火狐瀏覽的driver.因此要下載geckodriverckod
下載地址：

https://github.com/mozilla/geckodriver/releases
 解壓後將geckodriverckod，存放至/usr/local/bin/路徑下便可

sudo mv ./Downloads/geckodriver /usr/local/bin/
 

大功告成，運行咱們開頭的腳本代碼，python sign.py(這邊我保存的文件名爲sign.py)