MongoDB學習day06--高級查詢aggregate聚合管道和nodejs操做aggregate

1、MongoDB聚合管道(Aggregation Pilpeline)node

使用聚合管道能夠對集合中的文檔進行變換和組合。sql

主要功能:表的關聯查詢、數據統計mongodb

2、aggregate 管道操做符與表達式數據庫

管道操做符:nosql

sql 和 nosql 對比:ui

管道表達式:url

管道操做符做爲」,所對應的叫作管道表達式。 spa

例如{$match:{status:"A"}}$match 稱爲管道操做符, 而 status:"A"稱爲管道表達式,是管道操做符的操做數(Operand)code

3、數據模擬:對象

db.order.insert({"order_id":"1","uid":10,"trade_no":"111","all_price":100,"all_num":2})
db.order.insert({"order_id":"2","uid":7,"trade_no":"222","all_price":90,"all_num":2})
db.order.insert({"order_id":"3","uid":9,"trade_no":"333","all_price":20,"all_num":6})
db.order_item.insert({"order_id":"1","title":"商品鼠標 1","price":50,num:1})
db.order_item.insert({"order_id":"1","title":"商品鍵盤 2","price":50,num:1})
db.order_item.insert({"order_id":"1","title":"商品鍵盤 3","price":0,num:1})
db.order_item.insert({"order_id":"2","title":"牛奶","price":50,num:1})
db.order_item.insert({"order_id":"2","title":"酸奶","price":40,num:1})
db.order_item.insert({"order_id":"3","title":"礦泉水","price":2,num:5})
db.order_item.insert({"order_id":"3","title":"毛巾","price":10,num:1})

4、$project

修改文檔的結構,能夠用來重命名、增長或者刪除文檔中的字段

例如:要求查找order只返回trade_no和all_price字段

db.order.aggregate([
  {
    $project:{ trade_no:1, all_price:1 }
  }
])

5、$match

用於過濾文檔。相似where

db.order.aggregate([
  {
    $project:{ trade_no:1, all_price:1 }
  },
  {
    $match:{"all_price":{$gte:90}}
  }
])

6、$group

分組

統計每一個訂單的訂單數量, 按照訂單號分組

db.order_item.aggregate(
[
  {
    $group: {_id: "$order_id", total: {$sum: "$num"}}
  }
]

7、$sort

排序

-1:降序;1:升序

db.order.aggregate([
  {
    $project:{ trade_no:1, all_price:1 }
  },
  {
    $match:{"all_price":{$gte:90}}
  },
  {
    $sort:{"all_price":-1}
  }
])

8、$limit

查詢前幾條

db.order.aggregate([
  {
    $project:{ trade_no:1, all_price:1 }
  },
  {
    $match:{"all_price":{$gte:90}}
  },
  {
    $sort:{"all_price":-1}
  },
  {
    $limit:1
  }
])

9、$skip

跳過幾條

db.order.aggregate([
  {
    $project:{ trade_no:1, all_price:1 }
  },
  {
    $match:{"all_price":{$gte:90}}
  },
  {
    $sort:{"all_price":-1}
  },{
    $skip:1
  }
])

10、$lookup

表關聯查詢

db.order.aggregate([
  {
    $lookup:
      {
        from: "order_item",   //關聯表
        localField: "order_id",  //主表的字段
        foreignField: "order_id",  //關聯表的字段
        as: "items"  //存儲的字段
      }
  }
])

固然也可使用其餘操做符

db.order.aggregate([
  {
    $lookup:{
      from: "order_item",
      localField: "order_id",
      foreignField: "order_id",
      as: "items"
     }
  },
  {
    $match:{"all_price":{$gte:90}}
  }
])
db.order.aggregate([
  {
    $lookup:
    {
      from: "order_item",
      localField: "order_id",
      foreignField: "order_id",
      as: "items"
    }
  },
  {
    $project:{ trade_no:1, all_price:1,items:1 }
  },
  {
    $match:{"all_price":{$gte:90}}
  },
  {
    $sort:{"all_price":-1}
  }, ])

11、nodejs操做aggregate聚合管道

var MongoClient = require('mongodb').MongoClient;


//定義鏈接數據庫的地址

const  url = 'mongodb://localhost:27017/';
var dbName = 'eggcms';

//鏈接數據庫
MongoClient.connect(url,(err,client)=>{

        if(err){
             console.log('數據鏈接失敗');
             return false;
         }
         let db=client.db(dbName);   /*獲取db對象*/


         db.collection("order").aggregate([
                {
                    $lookup:
                    {
                        from: "order_item",
                        localField: "order_id",
                        foreignField: "order_id",
                        as: "items"
                    }
                },
                {
                    $match:{"all_price":{$gte:90}}
                }

            ]).toArray(function(err,docs){
                 console.log(docs)
            })


})
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