使用HttpWebrequest對網站進行模擬操做(附登錄百度demo)

 

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   這篇文章是在博客園正式的第一篇文章。

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不出意外 之後將在web的方向發展，前段時間把老早之前作過的webqq機器人重作了一遍，算是對winform的告別吧，鞏固了C#方面的知識。

   本篇主要介紹了我對模擬http請求方式的介紹和理解。(博客的樣式是本身寫的，有木有感受好看呢(•‾̑⌣‾̑•)✧˖°)

首先 看一個GET請求

 

public string GetHtml(string url, string Referer, Encoding encode, bool SaveCookie)
        {
            HttpWebRequest req = WebRequest.Create(url) as HttpWebRequest;
            req.Method = "GET";
            req.CookieContainer = this.CookieContainer;
            req.Proxy = null;
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(Referer))
                req.Referer = Referer;
            using (HttpWebResponse hwr = req.GetResponse() as HttpWebResponse)
            {
                if (SaveCookie)
                {
                    this.CookieCollection = hwr.Cookies;
                    this.CookieContainer.GetCookies(req.RequestUri);
                }
                using (StreamReader SR = new StreamReader(hwr.GetResponseStream(), encode))
                {
                    return SR.ReadToEnd();
                }
            }
        }

 

而後 再看POST

  

 public string PostHtml(string url, string Referer, string data, Encoding encode, bool SaveCookie)
        {
            HttpWebRequest req = WebRequest.Create(url) as HttpWebRequest;
            req.CookieContainer = this.CookieContainer;
            req.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
            req.Method = "POST";
            req.UserAgent = "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1; rv:30.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/30.0";
            req.Proxy = null;
            req.ProtocolVersion = HttpVersion.Version10;
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(Referer))
                req.Referer = Referer;
            byte[] mybyte = Encoding.Default.GetBytes(data);
            req.ContentLength = mybyte.Length;
            using (Stream stream = req.GetRequestStream())
            {
                stream.Write(mybyte, 0, mybyte.Length);
            }
            using (HttpWebResponse hwr = req.GetResponse() as HttpWebResponse)
            {
                if (SaveCookie)
                {
                    this.CookieCollection = hwr.Cookies;
                    this.CookieContainer.GetCookies(req.RequestUri);
                }
                using (StreamReader SR = new StreamReader(hwr.GetResponseStream(), encode))
                {
                    return SR.ReadToEnd();
                }
            }
        }

 

 

小結

1.這是我封裝的一個httphelp類中的一部分，get貌似不須要那些像什麼UserAgent,ContentType之類的東西

2.POST請求中通常要設置ContentType和UserAgent

3.默認請求是GET

 

 

如何 保持Cookie

每次請求以後保存CookieContainer便可，賦給下一次請求的httpwebrequest

 

區別 HttpWebRequest.CookieContainer和HttpWebResponse.CookieCollection

此處說的是進行一次http請求得到響應以後

CookieContainer是當前域的全部Cookie

CookieCollection是該次請求相關的全部Cookie

 

Referer 是什麼

即本次請求的來源，從哪一個頁面進行http請求的

這裏常被服務器用來檢測請求是否合法

 

proxy？

請求的代理，對此我瞭解很少，忘有人能告之

在請求以前設置proxy=null，可讓請求跳過檢查代理，http請求速度馬上上升一個檔次！尤爲是之前蹭wifi的時候我深有體會

 

 

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這裏是我封裝的一個http請求輔助類，你們有興趣能夠參考一下：

 

public class HttpHelp
    {
        public CookieContainer CookieContainer { get; set; }

        public CookieCollection CookieCollection { get; set; }

        public HttpHelp()
        {
            this.CookieCollection = new CookieCollection();
            this.CookieContainer = new CookieContainer();
        }

        public static string GetHtml(string url, string Referer, Encoding encode)
        {
            return new HttpHelp().GetHtml(url, Referer, encode, false);
        }

        public static string PostHtml(string url, string Referer, string data, Encoding encode)
        {
            return new HttpHelp().PostHtml(url, Referer, data, encode, false);
        }

        public string GetHtml(string url, string Referer, Encoding encode, bool SaveCookie)
        {
            HttpWebRequest req = WebRequest.Create(url) as HttpWebRequest;
            req.Method = "GET";
            req.CookieContainer = this.CookieContainer;
            req.Proxy = null;
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(Referer))
                req.Referer = Referer;
            using (HttpWebResponse hwr = req.GetResponse() as HttpWebResponse)
            {
                if (SaveCookie)
                {
                    this.CookieCollection = hwr.Cookies;
                    this.CookieContainer.GetCookies(req.RequestUri);
                }
                using (StreamReader SR = new StreamReader(hwr.GetResponseStream(), encode))
                {
                    return SR.ReadToEnd();
                }
            }
        }

        public string PostHtml(string url, string Referer, string data, Encoding encode, bool SaveCookie)
        {
            HttpWebRequest req = WebRequest.Create(url) as HttpWebRequest;
            req.CookieContainer = this.CookieContainer;
            req.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
            req.Method = "POST";
            req.UserAgent = "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1; rv:30.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/30.0";
            req.Proxy = null;
            req.ProtocolVersion = HttpVersion.Version10;
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(Referer))
                req.Referer = Referer;
            byte[] mybyte = Encoding.Default.GetBytes(data);
            req.ContentLength = mybyte.Length;
            using (Stream stream = req.GetRequestStream())
            {
                stream.Write(mybyte, 0, mybyte.Length);
            }
            using (HttpWebResponse hwr = req.GetResponse() as HttpWebResponse)
            {
                if (SaveCookie)
                {
                    this.CookieCollection = hwr.Cookies;
                    this.CookieContainer.GetCookies(req.RequestUri);
                }
                using (StreamReader SR = new StreamReader(hwr.GetResponseStream(), encode))
                {
                    return SR.ReadToEnd();
                }
            }
        }

        ///
        /// 上傳文件
        ///
        ///上傳地址
        ///文件路徑
        ///原網頁file控件name
        ///請求流中的contentType
        ///返回的encoding
        ///post參數字典
        /// 
        public static string PostFile(string url, string filepath, string paramName, string contentType, Encoding encode, Dictionary<string, string> dict)
        {
            HttpWebRequest hrq = WebRequest.Create(url) as HttpWebRequest;
            string boundary = "---------------------------" + DateTime.Now.Ticks.ToString("x");
            byte[] boundarybytes = System.Text.Encoding.Default.GetBytes("\r\n--" + boundary + "\r\n");
            hrq.ContentType = "multipart/form-data; boundary=" + boundary;
            hrq.Method = "POST";

            using (Stream stream = hrq.GetRequestStream())   //請求流
            {
                //寫入post參數
                string formdataTemplete = "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"{0}\"\r\n\r\n{1}";
                if (dict != null && dict.Count > 0)
                {
                    foreach (KeyValuePair<string, string> pair in dict)
                    {
                        stream.Write(boundarybytes, 0, boundarybytes.Length);
                        string formitem = string.Format(formdataTemplete, pair.Key, pair.Value);
                        byte[] formitemBytes = Encoding.Default.GetBytes(formitem);
                        stream.Write(formitemBytes, 0, formitemBytes.Length);
                    }
                }
                stream.Write(boundarybytes, 0, boundarybytes.Length);

                //寫入頭信息
                string headerTemplate = "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"{0}\"; filename=\"{1}\"\r\nContent-Type: {2}\r\n\r\n";
                string header = string.Format(headerTemplate, paramName, Path.GetFileName(filepath), contentType);
                byte[] headerBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(header);
                stream.Write(headerBytes, 0, headerBytes.Length);

                //寫入文件
                byte[] fileBytes = File.ReadAllBytes(filepath);
                stream.Write(fileBytes, 0, fileBytes.Length);

                //寫入尾部
                byte[] footerBytes = Encoding.Default.GetBytes("\r\n--" + boundary + "--\r\n");
                stream.Write(footerBytes, 0, footerBytes.Length);

                using (HttpWebResponse hrp = hrq.GetResponse() as HttpWebResponse)//響應流
                {
                    using (StreamReader SR = new StreamReader(hrp.GetResponseStream(), encode))
                    {
                        return SR.ReadToEnd();
                    }
                }
            }

        }



    }

 

 

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登錄百度示例： 點擊下載

登錄百度的一個demo，我在13年寫的 =。= ，如今登錄加密了，不過之前的這種方式仍然能夠用，呵呵

 

吐槽一下，歷來沒寫過博客，不管是新浪，QQ，仍是其它。今天才發現這排版太累。

 

 

 以後打算寫一下，模擬webqq請求來實現QQ機器人。儘可能寫成一個系列吧...麼麼噠(*ﾟ∀ﾟ*)

 

 

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