詳解手把手Maven搭建SpringMVC+Spring+MyBatis框架(超級詳細版)

SSM（Spring+SpringMVC+Mybatis），目前較爲主流的企業級架構方案。標準的MVC設計模式，將整個系統劃分爲顯示層、Controller層、Service層、Dao層四層，使用SpringMVC負責請求的轉發和視圖管理，Spring實現業務對象管理, MyBatis作爲數據對象持久化引擎。

一. 框架詳情

Spring是一個輕量級的Java開發框架，它是爲了解決企業應用開發的複雜性而創建的。Spring的用途不僅限於服務器端的開發。從簡單性、可測試性和鬆耦合的角度而言，任何Java應用都可以從Spring中受益。 簡單來說，Spring是一個輕量級的控制反轉（IoC）和麪向切面（AOP）的容器框架

SpringMVC屬於SpringFrameWork的後續產品，分離了控制器、模型對象、分派器以及處理程序對象的角色，這種分離讓它們更容易進行定製

MyBatis是一個基於Java的持久層框架。MyBatis提供的持久層框架包括SQL Maps和Data Access Objects（DAO）它消除了幾乎所有的JDBC代碼和參數的手工設置以及結果集的檢索。MyBatis 使用簡單的 XML或註解用於配置和原始映射，將接口和 Java映射成數據庫中的記錄

二. 創建Maven項目

1、Eclipse中用Maven創建項目

2、按默認Next

3、找到maven-archetype-webapp後，點擊next

4、填寫相應的信息，GroupID是項目組織唯一的標識符，實際對應JAVA的包的結構。ArtifactID就是項目的唯一的標識符，實際對應項目的名稱，就是項目根目錄的名稱。Package填了默認給你建一個包，不寫也可以。

5、剛建好的目錄如下

6、Maven規定必須添加以下Source Folder：

src/main/resources
src/main/java
src/test/resources
src/test/java

在這步之前最好先項目上右鍵選擇properties，然後點擊java build path，在Librarys下，編輯JRE System Library，選擇workspace default jre。

7、分別修改輸出路徑爲，對應關係如下：

8、將項目轉換成Dynamic Web Project，在項目上右鍵Properties，在左側選擇 Project Facets。

9、設置部署時的文件發佈路徑，刪除test的兩項，因爲test是測試使用，並不需要部署。

設置將Maven的jar包發佈到lib下。Add -> Java Build Path Entries -> Maven Dependencies -> Finish

三. Maven引入需要的JAR包

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< project xmlns = "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    xsi:schemaLocation = "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd" >    < modelVersion >4.0.0</ modelVersion >    < groupId >com.yingjun.test</ groupId >    < artifactId >TradingState</ artifactId >    < packaging >war</ packaging >    < version >2.0.1</ version >       < properties >      < project.build.sourceEncoding >UTF-8</ project.build.sourceEncoding >      < maven.build.timestamp.format >yyyyMMddHHmmss</ maven.build.timestamp.format >      < spring.version >3.2.9.RELEASE</ spring.version >      < mybatis.version >3.1.1</ mybatis.version >      < mybatisspring.version >1.1.1</ mybatisspring.version >    </ properties >       < dependencies >      < dependency >        < groupId >org.springframework</ groupId >        < artifactId >spring-core</ artifactId >        < version >${spring.version}</ version >      </ dependency >      < dependency >        < groupId >org.springframework</ groupId >        < artifactId >spring-webmvc</ artifactId >        < version >${spring.version}</ version >      </ dependency >      < dependency >        < groupId >org.springframework</ groupId >        < artifactId >spring-test</ artifactId >        < version >${spring.version}</ version >      </ dependency >      < dependency >        < groupId >org.mybatis</ groupId >        < artifactId >mybatis</ artifactId >        < version >${mybatis.version}</ version >      </ dependency >      < dependency >        < groupId >org.mybatis</ groupId >        < artifactId >mybatis-spring</ artifactId >        < version >${mybatisspring.version}</ version >      </ dependency >      < dependency >        < groupId >mysql</ groupId >        < artifactId >mysql-connector-java</ artifactId >        < version >5.1.34</ version >      </ dependency >      < dependency >        < groupId >junit</ groupId >        < artifactId >junit</ artifactId >        < version >4.11</ version >        < scope >test</ scope >      </ dependency >      < dependency >        < groupId >c3p0</ groupId >        < artifactId >c3p0</ artifactId >        < version >0.9.1.2</ version >      </ dependency >      < dependency >        < groupId >org.aspectj</ groupId >        < artifactId >aspectjweaver</ artifactId >        < version >1.8.1</ version >      </ dependency >      < dependency >        < groupId >javax.servlet</ groupId >        < artifactId >jstl</ artifactId >        < version >1.2</ version >      </ dependency >      < dependency >        < groupId >javax.servlet</ groupId >        < artifactId >servlet-api</ artifactId >        < version >3.0</ version >        < scope >provided</ scope >      </ dependency >      < dependency >        < groupId >javax.servlet.jsp</ groupId >        < artifactId >jsp-api</ artifactId >        < version >2.2</ version >        < scope >provided</ scope >      </ dependency >      < dependency >        < groupId >commons-fileupload</ groupId >        < artifactId >commons-fileupload</ artifactId >        < version >1.3.1</ version >      </ dependency >      < dependency >        < groupId >commons-lang</ groupId >        < artifactId >commons-lang</ artifactId >        < version >2.6</ version >      </ dependency >      < dependency >        < groupId >commons-codec</ groupId >        < artifactId >commons-codec</ artifactId >        < version >1.9</ version >      </ dependency >      < dependency >        < groupId >org.apache.httpcomponents</ groupId >        < artifactId >httpclient</ artifactId >        < version >4.5</ version >      </ dependency >      < dependency >        < groupId >org.slf4j</ groupId >        < artifactId >slf4j-api</ artifactId >        < version >1.7.10</ version >      </ dependency >      < dependency >        < groupId >org.slf4j</ groupId >        < artifactId >slf4j-log4j12</ artifactId >        < version >1.7.10</ version >      </ dependency >      < dependency >        < groupId >log4j</ groupId >        < artifactId >log4j</ artifactId >        < version >1.2.17</ version >      </ dependency >      < dependency >        < groupId >com.alibaba</ groupId >        < artifactId >fastjson</ artifactId >        < version >1.1.41</ version >      </ dependency >      < dependency >        < groupId >org.codehaus.jackson</ groupId >        < artifactId >jackson-mapper-asl</ artifactId >        < version >1.9.13</ version >      </ dependency >    </ dependencies >       < build >      < plugins >        < plugin >          < artifactId >maven-compiler-plugin</ artifactId >          < version >2.3.2</ version >          < configuration >            < source >1.7</ source >            < target >1.7</ target >          </ configuration >        </ plugin >        < plugin >          < artifactId >maven-war-plugin</ artifactId >          < version >2.2</ version >          < configuration >            < version >3.0</ version >            < failOnMissingWebXml >false</ failOnMissingWebXml >          </ configuration >        </ plugin >      </ plugins >      < finalName >${project.artifactId}_${project.version}_${maven.build.timestamp}</ finalName >    </ build > </ project >

四. 相關配置文件配置，整合SSM框架

web.xml

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<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?> < web-app xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    xmlns = "http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" xmlns:web = "http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"    xsi:schemaLocation = "http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd"    version = "2.4" >       <!-- 配置 Spring -->    < context-param >      < param-name >contextConfigLocation</ param-name >      < param-value >classpath:spring.xml</ param-value >    </ context-param >    < listener >      < listener-class >org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</ listener-class >    </ listener >    <!-- 防止Spring內存溢出監聽器 -->    < listener >      < listener-class >org.springframework.web.util.IntrospectorCleanupListener</ listener-class >    </ listener >       <!-- 配置springmvc -->    < servlet >      < servlet-name >springMVC</ servlet-name >      < servlet-class >org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</ servlet-class >      < init-param >        < param-name >contextConfigLocation</ param-name >        < param-value >classpath:spring-mvc.xml</ param-value >      </ init-param >      < load-on-startup >1</ load-on-startup >    </ servlet >    < servlet-mapping >      < servlet-name >springMVC</ servlet-name >      < url-pattern >/</ url-pattern >    </ servlet-mapping >         <!-- 字符集過濾器 -->    < filter >      < filter-name >encodingFilter</ filter-name >      < filter-class >org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</ filter-class >      < init-param >        < param-name >encoding</ param-name >        < param-value >UTF-8</ param-value >      </ init-param >      < init-param >        < param-name >forceEncoding</ param-name >        < param-value >true</ param-value >      </ init-param >    </ filter >    < filter-mapping >      < filter-name >encodingFilter</ filter-name >      < url-pattern >/*</ url-pattern >    </ filter-mapping >      </ web-app >

spring.xml

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<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?> < beans xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"    xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"    xmlns:context = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"    xmlns:aop = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans         http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd         http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc         http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd         http://www.springframework.org/schema/context         http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd         http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop         http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd         http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx         http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd ">       <!-- 掃描service、dao組件 -->    < context:component-scan base-package = "com.yingjun.test" />    <!-- 分解配置 jdbc.properites -->    < context:property-placeholder location = "classpath:jdbc.properties" />         <!-- 數據源c3p0 -->    < bean id = "dataSource" class = "com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource" >      < property name = "driverClass" value = "${jdbc.driverClassName}" />      < property name = "jdbcUrl" value = "${jdbc.url}" />      < property name = "user" value = "${jdbc.username}" />      < property name = "password" value = "${jdbc.password}" />      < property name = "maxPoolSize" value = "${c3p0.pool.size.max}" />      < property name = "minPoolSize" value = "${c3p0.pool.size.min}" />      < property name = "initialPoolSize" value = "${c3p0.pool.size.ini}" />      < property name = "acquireIncrement" value = "${c3p0.pool.size.increment}" />    </ bean >        <!-- sessionFactory 將spring和mybatis整合 -->    < bean id = "sqlSessionFactory" class = "org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean" >      < property name = "dataSource" ref = "dataSource" />      < property name = "configLocation" value = "classpath:spring-mybatis.xml" />      < property name = "mapperLocations" value = "classpath*:com/yingjun/test/mapping/**/*.xml" />    </ bean >    < bean class = "org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer" >      < property name = "basePackage" value = "com,yingjun.test.dao" />      < property name = "sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value = "sqlSessionFactory" />    </ bean >       < bean id = "transactionManager" class = "org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager" >      < property name = "dataSource" ref = "dataSource" />    </ bean >    < tx:advice id = "transactionAdvice" transaction-manager = "transactionManager" >      < tx:attributes >        < tx:method name = "add*" propagation = "REQUIRED" />        < tx:method name = "append*" propagation = "REQUIRED" />        < tx:method name = "insert*" propagation = "REQUIRED" />        < tx:method name = "save*" propagation = "REQUIRED" />        < tx:method name = "update*" propagation = "REQUIRED" />        < tx:method name = "modify*" propagation = "REQUIRED" />        < tx:method name = "edit*" propagation = "REQUIRED" />        < tx:method name = "delete*" propagation = "REQUIRED" />        < tx:method name = "remove*" propagation = "REQUIRED" />        < tx:method name = "repair" propagation = "REQUIRED" />        < tx:method name = "delAndRepair" propagation = "REQUIRED" />         < tx:method name = "get*" propagation = "SUPPORTS" />        < tx:method name = "find*" propagation = "SUPPORTS" />        < tx:method name = "load*" propagation = "SUPPORTS" />        < tx:method name = "search*" propagation = "SUPPORTS" />        < tx:method name = "datagrid*" propagation = "SUPPORTS" />         < tx:method name = "*" propagation = "SUPPORTS" />      </ tx:attributes >    </ tx:advice >    < aop:config >      < aop:pointcut id = "transactionPointcut" expression = "execution(* com.yingjun.test.service..*Impl.*(..))" />      < aop:advisor pointcut-ref = "transactionPointcut" advice-ref = "transactionAdvice" />    </ aop:config > </ beans >

爲了代替手工使用 SqlSessionDaoSupport 或 SqlSessionTemplate 編寫數據訪問對象 (DAO)的代碼,MyBatis-Spring 提供了一個動態代理的實現:MapperFactoryBean。這個類 可以讓你直接注入數據映射器接口到你的 service 層 bean 中。當使用映射器時,你僅僅如調 用你的 DAO 一樣調用它們就可以了,但是你不需要編寫任何 DAO 實現的代碼,因爲 MyBatis-Spring 將會爲你創建代理。

spring-mybatis.xml

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<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd"> < configuration >    <!-- 暫時不需要其他配置--> </ configuration >

spring-mvc.xml

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<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?> < beans xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"    xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"    xmlns:context = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"    xmlns:mvc = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"    xsi:schemaLocation="    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc     http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd">    <!-- 默認的註解映射的支持 -->    < mvc:annotation-driven />       <!-- 自動掃描該包，使SpringMVC認爲包下用了@controller註解的類是控制器 -->    < context:component-scan base-package = "com.yingjun.test.controller" />       <!--避免IE執行AJAX時，返回JSON出現下載文件 -->    < bean id = "mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter"      class = "org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter" >      < property name = "supportedMediaTypes" >        < list >          < value >text/html;charset=UTF-8</ value >        </ list >      </ property >    </ bean >       <!-- 定義跳轉的文件的前後綴 ，視圖模式配置 -->    < bean      class = "org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" >      <!-- 這裏的配置我的理解是自動給後面action的方法return的字符串加上前綴和後綴，變成一個 可用的url地址 -->      < property name = "prefix" value = "/WEB-INF/jsp/" />      < property name = "suffix" value = ".jsp" />    </ bean >       <!-- 配置文件上傳，如果沒有使用文件上傳可以不用配置，當然如果不配，那麼配置文件中也不必引入上傳組件包 -->    < bean id = "multipartResolver"      class = "org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver" >      <!-- 默認編碼 -->      < property name = "defaultEncoding" value = "utf-8" />      <!-- 文件大小最大值 -->      < property name = "maxUploadSize" value = "10485760000" />      <!-- 內存中的最大值 -->      < property name = "maxInMemorySize" value = "40960" />    </ bean >  </ beans >

log4j.properties

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jdbc.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://192.168.1.194:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8 jdbc.username=root jdbc.password=root    c3p0.pool.size.max=20 c3p0.pool.size.min=5 c3p0.pool.size.ini=3 c3p0.pool.size.increment=2

jdbc.properties

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log4j.rootLogger=info, console, debug, app, error    ###Console ### log4j.appender.console = org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender log4j.appender.console.Target = System.out log4j.appender.console.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout log4j.appender.console.layout.ConversionPattern = %d %p[%C:%L]- %m%n    ### debug ###  log4j.appender.debug = org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender log4j.appender.debug.File = log/debug.log log4j.appender.debug.Append = true log4j.appender.debug.Threshold = DEBUG log4j.appender.debug.DatePattern='.'yyyy-MM-dd log4j.appender.debug.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout log4j.appender.debug.layout.ConversionPattern = %d %p[%c:%L] - %m%n    ### app ###  log4j.appender.app = org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender log4j.appender.app.File = log/app.log log4j.appender.app.Append = true log4j.appender.app.Threshold = INFO log4j.appender.app.DatePattern='.'yyyy-MM-dd log4j.appender.app.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout log4j.appender.app.layout.ConversionPattern = %d %p[%c:%L] - %m%n    ### Error ### log4j.appender.error = org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender log4j.appender.error.File = log/error.log log4j.appender.error.Append = true log4j.appender.error.Threshold = ERROR  log4j.appender.error.DatePattern='.'yyyy-MM-dd log4j.appender.error.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout log4j.appender.error.layout.ConversionPattern =%d %p[%c:%L] - %m%n

 五. 利用MyBatis Generator自動創建實體類、映射文件以及DAO接口

MyBatis屬於一種半自動的ORM框架，所以主要的工作就是配置Mapping映射文件，但是由於手寫映射文件很容易出錯，所以可利用MyBatis生成器自動生成實體類、DAO接口和Mapping映射文件。這樣可以省去很多的功夫，將生成的代碼copy到項目工程中即可。

生成代碼需要的文件和jar並建立如下目錄結構：

在generatorl.xml中配置相關的數據庫連接，已經數據庫表：

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<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?>  <!DOCTYPE generatorConfiguration    PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD MyBatis Generator Configuration 1.0//EN"    "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-generator-config_1_0.dtd">     < generatorConfiguration >    <!-- 數據庫驅動 -->    < classPathEntry location = "mysql-connector-java-5.1.34.jar" />    < context id = "DB2Tables" targetRuntime = "MyBatis3" >      < commentGenerator >        < property name = "suppressDate" value = "true" />        <!-- 是否去除自動生成的註釋 true：是 ： false:否 -->        < property name = "suppressAllComments" value = "true" />      </ commentGenerator >      <!--數據庫鏈接URL，用戶名、密碼 -->      < jdbcConnection driverClass = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"        connectionURL = "jdbc:mysql://192.168.1.194:3306/noc"         userId = "root" password = "root" >      </ jdbcConnection >      < javaTypeResolver >        < property name = "forceBigDecimals" value = "false" />      </ javaTypeResolver >      <!-- 生成模型的包名和位置 -->      < javaModelGenerator targetPackage = "com.yingjun.test.model"        targetProject = "src" >        < property name = "enableSubPackages" value = "true" />        < property name = "trimStrings" value = "true" />      </ javaModelGenerator >      <!-- 生成映射文件的包名和位置 -->      < sqlMapGenerator targetPackage = "com.yingjun.test.mapping"        targetProject = "src" >        < property name = "enableSubPackages" value = "true" />