使用maven構建android項目

更好的閱讀效果，請查看原文地址：http://keepcleargas.bitbucket.org/android/2014/04/01/using-maven-to-package-android.html

###爲何引入maven構建方式### 作過java後臺開發的人員應該都知道,maven使用解決依賴包管理問題的,同時優化測試，打包，部署等流程的.

在android裏,

• maven能夠管理你的依賴包
• 打包成apklib,管理本身的組件庫
• 動態配置你的發佈渠道(此點很是方便)
• 簽名，打包，混淆一條龍服務.

###開始使用maven###

引入pom.xml

<code>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">

<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.test</groupId>
<artifactId>apkDeplorer</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0</version>
<packaging>apk</packaging>
<name>apkDeplorer</name>

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.google.android</groupId>
        <artifactId>android</artifactId>
        <version>4.1.1.4</version>
        <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.google.android</groupId>
        <artifactId>support-v4</artifactId>
        <version>r7</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

<properties>
    <keystore.filename>apkDeplorer.keystore</keystore.filename>
    <keystore.storepass>kison.chen@zaozao</keystore.storepass>
    <keystore.keypass>kison.chen@zaozao</keystore.keypass>
    <keystore.alias>kison-android-app</keystore.alias>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
</properties>

<build>
    <finalName>${project.artifactId}-${project.version}-${manifest.metadata.id}</finalName>
    <sourceDirectory>src/main/java</sourceDirectory>
    <resources>
        <resource>
            <directory>.</directory>
            <filtering>true</filtering>
            <targetPath>../filtered-resources</targetPath>
            <includes>
                <include>AndroidManifest.xml</include>
            </includes>
        </resource>
        <resource>
            <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
            <filtering>true</filtering>
            <includes>
                <include>**/*</include>
            </includes>
            <excludes>
                <exclude>**/env-*.properties</exclude>
            </excludes>
        </resource>
    </resources>
    <pluginManagement>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>com.jayway.maven.plugins.android.generation2</groupId>
                <artifactId>android-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.6.0</version>
                <extensions>true</extensions>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <id>run</id>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>deploy</goal>
                            <goal>run</goal>
                        </goals>
                        <phase>install</phase>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
                <configuration>
                    <proguardConfig>proguard-project.txt</proguardConfig>
                    <proguardSkip>${project.build.proguardSkip}</proguardSkip>
                    <manifestDebuggable>${manifest.debuggable}</manifestDebuggable>
                    <androidManifestFile>target/filtered-resources/AndroidManifest.xml
                    </androidManifestFile>
                    <release>${project.build.release}</release>
                    <run>
                        <debug>${project.build.debug}</debug>
                    </run>
                    <runDebug>${project.build.runDebug}</runDebug>
                    <sign>
                        <debug>${project.build.sign.debug}</debug>
                    </sign>
                    <undeployBeforeDeploy>true</undeployBeforeDeploy>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </pluginManagement>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>com.jayway.maven.plugins.android.generation2</groupId>
            <artifactId>android-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>3.8.0</version>
            <configuration>
                <sdk>
                    <platform>15</platform>
                </sdk>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
            <artifactId>keytool-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
            <configuration>
                <keystore>${keystore.filename}</keystore>
                <storepass>${keystore.storepass}</storepass>
                <keypass>${keystore.keypass}</keypass>
                <alias>${keystore.alias}</alias>
                <dname>CN=iKoding, OU=iKoding, O=iKoding, C=CN</dname>
                <sigalg>SHA1withDSA</sigalg>
                <validity>10000</validity>
                <keyalg>DSA</keyalg>
                <keysize>1024</keysize>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
            <configuration>
                <source>1.6</source>
                <target>1.6</target>
                <encoding>UTF8</encoding>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>2.6</version>
            <executions>
                <execution>
                    <phase>initialize</phase>
                    <goals>
                        <goal>resources</goal>
                    </goals>
                </execution>
            </executions>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>

<profiles>
    <profile>
        <id>debug</id>
        <activation>
            <activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault>
        </activation>
        <build>
            <filters>
                <filter>src/main/resources/env-debug.properties</filter>
            </filters>
        </build>
        <properties>
            <project.build.debug>true</project.build.debug>
            <project.build.runDebug>false</project.build.runDebug>
            <project.build.proguardSkip>true</project.build.proguardSkip>
            <project.build.release>false</project.build.release>
            <project.build.sign.debug>true</project.build.sign.debug>
            <manifest.debuggable>true</manifest.debuggable>
        </properties>
    </profile>
    <profile>
        <id>release</id>
        <properties>
            <project.build.debug>false</project.build.debug>
            <project.build.runDebug>false</project.build.runDebug>
            <project.build.proguardSkip>false</project.build.proguardSkip>
            <project.build.release>true</project.build.release>
            <project.build.sign.debug>false</project.build.sign.debug>
            <manifest.debuggable>false</manifest.debuggable>
        </properties>
        <build>
            <filters>
                <filter>src/main/resources/env-release.properties</filter>
            </filters>
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                    <artifactId>maven-jarsigner-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>1.2</version>
                    <executions>
                        <execution>
                            <id>sign</id>
                            <goals>
                                <goal>sign</goal>
                            </goals>
                            <phase>package</phase>
                            <inherited>true</inherited>
                            <configuration>
                                <includes>
                                    <include>${project.build.outputDirectory}/*.apk</include>
                                </includes>
                                <keystore>${keystore.filename}</keystore>
                                <storepass>${keystore.storepass}</storepass>
                                <keypass>${keystore.keypass}</keypass>
                                <alias>${keystore.alias}</alias>
                            </configuration>
                        </execution>
                    </executions>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </build>
    </profile>
    <!-- 渠道profiles -->
    <profile>
        <id>channel-test</id>
        <activation>
            <activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault>
        </activation>
        <properties>
            <manifest.metadata.id>test</manifest.metadata.id>
            <manifest.metadata.channel>test</manifest.metadata.channel>
        </properties>
    </profile>
    <profile>
        <id>channel-91</id>
        <properties>
            <manifest.metadata.id>91-market</manifest.metadata.id>
            <manifest.metadata.channel>91 market</manifest.metadata.channel>
        </properties>
    </profile>
    <profile>
        <id>channel-yingyonghui</id>
        <properties>
            <manifest.metadata.id>yingyonghui-market</manifest.metadata.id>
            <manifest.metadata.channel>yingyonghui market</manifest.metadata.channel>
        </properties>
    </profile>
    <profile>
        <id>channel-tongbutui</id>
        <properties>
            <manifest.metadata.id>tongbutui-market</manifest.metadata.id>
            <manifest.metadata.channel>tongbutui market</manifest.metadata.channel>
        </properties>
    </profile>
    <profile>
        <id>channel-tengxun</id>
        <properties>
            <manifest.metadata.id>tengxun-market</manifest.metadata.id>
            <manifest.metadata.channel>tengxun market</manifest.metadata.channel>
        </properties>
    </profile>
    <profile>
        <id>channel-anzhi</id>
        <properties>
            <manifest.metadata.id>anzhi-market</manifest.metadata.id>
            <manifest.metadata.channel>anzhi market</manifest.metadata.channel>
        </properties>
    </profile>
    <profile>
        <id>channel-gfan</id>
        <properties>
            <manifest.metadata.id>gfan</manifest.metadata.id>
            <manifest.metadata.channel>gfan</manifest.metadata.channel>
        </properties>
    </profile>
</profiles>

</project> </code>

###安裝本地依賴包###

因爲國內的第三方庫多未以maven形式打包,故咱們要手動將jar包安裝到本地maven庫.（高德地圖爲例） {% highlight xml %} mvn install:install-file -DgroupId=com.autonavi -DartifactId=libamapv3 -Dversion=v3 -Dfile=/Users/keepcleargas/Downloads/AMapSDKV2Demo/libs/armeabi/libamapv3.so -Dpackaging=so -DgeneratePom=true -Dclassifier=armeabi

mvn install:install-file -DgroupId=com.autonavi -DartifactId=location -Dversion=2.0.0 -Dfile=/Users/keepcleargas/Downloads/AMapSDKV2Demo/libs/MapApiLocation.jar -Dpackaging=jar -DgeneratePom=true

{% endhighlight %} 添加依賴包到pom.xml {% highlight xml %} <dependency> <groupId>com.autonavi</groupId> <artifactId>libamapv3</artifactId> <version>v3</version> <classifier>armeabi</classifier> <scope>runtime</scope> <type>so</type> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.autonavi</groupId> <artifactId>map</artifactId> <version>2.0.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.autonavi</groupId> <artifactId>ApiLocation</artifactId> <version>2.0.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.autonavi</groupId> <artifactId>ApiSearch</artifactId> <version>2.0.0</version> </dependency> {% endhighlight %}

###android的maven版本構建###

因爲在maven central中 android版本只有4.1.1.4

咱們須要一個工具來安裝新版的android sdk. Maven Android SDK Deployer.

根據Maven Android SDK Deployer的wiki 文案,mvn install -P 4.4 在pom.xml導入 4.4.2的安卓包.

{% highlight xml %}

<dependency>
        <groupId>android</groupId>
        <artifactId>android</artifactId>
        <version>4.4.2_r3</version>
        <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>

{% endhighlight %}

###構建中可能出現的問題###

• maven版本問題 使用過程當中可能會出現版本問題,筆者這裏用的是maven 3.1.1,com.jayway.maven.plugins.android.generation2:android-maven-plugin:3.8.2
• .9圖片問題 {% highlight xml %} ERROR: 9-patch image Project/res/drawable- hdpi/input_03_mid.9.png malformed. [INFO] Must have one-pixel frame that is either transparent or white. [INFO] ERROR: Failure processing PNG image Project/res/drawable-hdpi/input_03_mid.9.png {% endhighlight %}

將.9圖片標準化 便可

###命令執行 ###

{% highlight xml %} mvn clean package

打包，但不部署。 mvn clean install

打包，部署並運行。 mvn clean package android:redeploy android:run

這個命令一般用於手機上已經安裝了要部署的應用，但簽名不一樣，因此咱們打包的同時使用redeploy命令將現有應用刪除並從新部署，最後使用run命令運行應用。 mvn android:redeploy android:run

不打包，將已生成的包從新部署並運行。 mvn android:deploy android:run

部署並運行已生成的包，與redeploy不一樣的是，deploy不會刪除已有部署和應用數據。

mvn clean install -Prelease,channel-91

打包簽名,的渠道爲channel-91的apk {% endhighlight %}

###參考文獻###

• 使用Maven構建Android項目
• MAVEN Invalid SDK: Platform/API level 16 not available
• .9圖片問題
• maven中使用高德地圖
• Maven Android SDK Deployer
• maven-android-plugin
• apkDeplorer-maven打包android的demo