大咖專訪：Bigbang公鏈創始人「一休」現場解決實際技術問題

問：區塊鏈的真命題有哪些？

譯：What are the true propositions for blockchain?

區塊鏈的真命題啊，其實這個應該要從假命題開始說了，

譯：The true propositions for blockchain, it is should start from false propositions.

其實區塊鏈的假命題蠻多的，

譯：Actually, there is so many false propositions for blockchain.

就是目前咱們所看到的無論說設立標準，仍是咱們所謂的各類鏈作的不少的嘗試，其實基本上都算是假命題，

譯：What we've seen so far is that no matter setting standards or trying of various chains, they’re basically false propositions.

那真命題的話，其實得要從區塊鏈的特性開始講，

譯：As far the true propositions, it needs start from the true propositions of blockchain.

其實如今咱們所能想到的點就是，我剛剛也強調過一點也就是區塊鏈的真命題，它必須數據是可被強證實的，

譯：In fact, what we thinking about is the true proposition of blockchain, the data of it should be strongly proved.

那麼另一點若是說數據是非強證實的話那麼它還有哪些場景？

譯：So the other point is if the data is not strongly proved what are the other scenarios for it?

那麼我能夠再舉一個例子，數字的證券化，或者說是資產的證券化，其實這個算是一個比較好的方向，這個算是一個真命題，目前能夠見到的。

譯：Here is one other example, digital securitization, or securitization of assets, which is a better direction and is a true proposition for now.

另外第三個呢是做爲支付，

譯：The third one is the way of pay.

其實做爲支付的是目前，包括以前政府也發表過一些聲明，包括在深圳能夠作一些支付的試點，其實這個也算是目前的一個真命題，

譯： As for a payment way, the government has issued some statements before, including the project of payment in ShenZhen. In fact, this is also a true proposition at present.

由於這個在很早之前，在區塊鏈出現的時候，出現比特幣的時候，其實這個就已經證實了，

譯：It has been proved before the blockchian and bitcoin comes up before long time ago.

其實這算是一個真命題，就是長久以來咱們拿它作爲支付，也算是一個真命題，

譯：It's the way that we've been paying for a long time, which is a true proposition and a sort of true proposition.

另一個就是第四個，政府強支援工程，這是一個什麼樣的方向呢，

譯：The fourth one is the project supporting by government. What is the direction like?

舉個例子啊，就是目前政府的一些外匯的一些外匯的拒接銀行與政府的一些外匯的管制的這種狀況，

譯：For example, that is the situation that some of the foreign exchange denial Banks with some of the government's foreign exchange control.

包括如今央行出來的一條鏈，他們其實在對銀行已經實施了這些鏈的帳本的共享,就是這個已經實現落地了，就是今年7月份已經正式的發佈了，

譯：Including the current chain by the central bank, which has implemented the sharing of the account books of these chains of Banks, which has been implemented and officially released in July this year.

已經在不少家銀行之間進行了一個外匯，更加具備便利性的一種應用，給他們進行一個外匯的匯兌，

譯：It has conducted a foreign exchange among many Banks, which is more convenient for them to conduct a foreign exchange.

是作這樣一些應用場景，因此像政府的一些強應用場景的話也是屬於區塊鏈的一個真命題。大概是這四個方向。

譯：It devote to create some scenarios, so some strong application scenarios like the government is also a true proposition of blockchain. It is the direction probably.

問：區塊鏈的性能真的那麼重要嗎？如何充分利用區塊鏈的性能？

譯：Is blockchain performance really that important? How to take full advantage of blockchain performance?

區塊鏈的性能說到這一點的話，我我的認爲區塊鏈的性能是比較重要的一點，

譯：Speaking of the blockchain performance that I think it is relatively important.

由於如今你們認爲的不重要，是由於沒有找到足夠的應用場景，

譯：People don't think it's important right now, because there aren't enough scenarios.

沒有足夠的應用可以把這個TPS或者這個性能應用起來，

譯：Have no enough application can fully use the TPS.

不就等同於說這個茅坑尚未被佔，但真正的有這個需求，有所謂的上廁所的需求之後，這些坑纔會被佔掉，

譯：It not means the chance still here. The people who find the chance and benefit from the chance that will be finish.

這個時候才能體現出來這個坑到底有沒有用。就是這麼個比喻。

譯：We can find the value until people use the chance.

問：IPFS能解決什麼問題？它有哪些缺點？

譯：What problems can IPFS solve? What are its disadvantages?

說到IPFS這個問題的話，IPFS其實它本質上是一種技術的革新，

譯：Speaking of IPFS which is an innovation of technology.

它目前看起來算是一個很好的方向，

譯：It is a perfect direction so far.

可是咱們從正常的一個商業的角度或者從一個正常的使用邏輯上面來說的話，其實IPFS它有一個天生的缺陷，

譯：But from a normal business point of view or from a normal usage logic, IPFS has an inherent flaw.

它雖說解決了咱們存儲的一箇中間化或者說是一個存儲的過於昂貴，包括雲服務的這種存儲過於昂貴的問題，可是它一樣會製造另外一個問題，讓這些大量的廉價的存儲會被浪費掉，

譯：Although it solves the problem of an intermediation of our storage or expensive storage, including for expensive cloud services, it will make other issue that is wasting cheap storage.

因此它如今就存在一個很大的問題，就是在商業場景上面的設計的缺陷，

譯：So it has a big issue that is design flaws in business scenarios.

它並無說是讓那個存儲的礦機也好，還有咱們的存儲能力也好，可以獲得很好的一個利用。這是一個很是大的一個設計的弊端。

譯：It doesn't mean that the storage machine, and our storage capacity, can be put to good use. This is a big design flaws.

問：POC共識的存在有那些意義，是不是對IPFS的補充？

譯：What does the POC consensus mean? Is it a supplement to IPFS?

POC共識的話，其實以前我也跟我業內的不少朋友探討過，

譯：I discussed about POC consensus with many friends in the industry before.

那POC共識到底有沒有意義，不少人認爲它是做爲像POW同樣，

譯：If the POC consensus makes sense or not, many people think of it as POW.

我雖然是作的無用功，我雖說一樣是把磁盤或者說把咱們的存儲能力填滿，

譯：But I’m being ineffective. I'm filling the disks and the storage capacity.

其實它真正創造的價值沒有，它是沒有創造價值的，那麼我把它比喻成，POW的一個升級。

譯：In fact, it does not really create value. So I compare it be a upgrade of POW.

那麼我我的認爲呢，其實POW（POC）是一種沒有意義的算法，

譯：I think POW is an algorithm that doesn't make sense.

可能會變相的讓咱們所謂的存儲能力進一步的浪費，

譯：It could be a further waste of what we called storage capacity.

甚至以一種非公平的方式來進行一種惡意的競爭，來哄擡存儲能力的價格，

譯：Even using an unfair way to engage in a vicious competition to bid up the price of storage capacity.

或者是讓這個生態變成一種惡性的發展，有可能會往這個方向來發展，

譯：Or turn the ecology into a vicious development that could go in this direction.

因此POC它並不算一個特別健康的生態，

譯：Therefore, POC is not a healthy ecology.

因此說做爲IPFS補充這一點的話，其實應該算是IPFS的補充，IPFS它自己就有一個問題就是咱們剛剛談論的浪費掉大量的存儲，

譯：So as a complement of IPFS, and IPFS itself has a problem with that which we just mentioned wasting a lot of storage.

POC想到的這一點就是想填充它的空白，可是實際上這個填充的空白是否有意義，

譯：The point of POC is to fill in its blanks, but whether make sense to fill in the blanks or not.

我我的認爲是存在爭議的，由於我舉個簡單的例子，

譯：I think it's controversial, let me give you a simple example.

若是說我如今把POC的算力目前市場上標的一個T的存儲能力它就是一美金，

譯：The hashrate of the POC which the storage capacity of a T one the market is one dollar.

那麼若是說是在一個真正的有存儲應用的場景的時候，它的價值標的是0.85或者0.9美金，

譯：If there is a real scenario, the value of underlying is 0.85 or 0.9 dollar.

那麼這個用戶就會進行選擇，那究竟是我在POC來進行，給它共享存儲能力呢，仍是給我這個實際上有意義的，好比說是有存儲價值的這樣一個平臺來提供一個存儲服務，

譯：Then, the user will make a choice. What I use it in the POC that give it the shared storage capability, or give me a platform that actually makes sense, like a platform that has storage value, to provide a storage service.

其實這是一個很大的問題，就是若是說這邊有人惡意炒做價格的話，就會致使真正有意義的存儲是進不來的，

譯：In fact, this is a big issue. If someone here maliciously hyped the price, it would lead to a really meaningful storage is not to enter.

因此說我說的存在一個惡意的競爭，

譯：That’s why I said is a vicious competition.

因此POC反過來它其實並非一個比較健康的生態，是這麼個意思。

譯：So the POC is not a healthy ecology on the contrary, that’s my point.

問：用戶的問題是以太坊智能合約中有三種數據存儲，若是把狀態變量存儲在內存中，那麼以太坊的每個節點應該都有一份相同的數據，那黑客利用技術手段可否拿到內存中的哪些數據呢？

譯：The question of user is that there are three kinds of data storage in ethereum smart contract. If the state variable is stored in memory, then every node in ethereum should have the same data. And what kind of data does a hacker technically could access to?

其實從這個角度來說的話，咱們如今要知道以太坊它的那個智能合約運行的機制，

譯：In fact, from this point of view, we need to know how ethereum's smart contract works.

它其實內部是一個虛擬機，是一個黑盒，

譯：It's a virtual machine inside, it's a black box.

首先你若是想要拿到它所謂的那個智能合約的內存的數據的話，首先你得要攻破它的虛擬機，

譯：If you want to get the memory data from the smart contract. At first you have to break into its virtual machine.

你先要知道它沙盒的運行機制，那麼這是一個很大的問題，

譯：You need to know how the sandbox works, that's a big problem.

就算你拿到這個數據，那又如何，你能改掉一個節點，它若是說好比如今以太坊的一個節點，

譯：Even if you get this data, so what, you can change a node. It’s like a node in ethereum.

我舉個簡單的例子啊，它是5000個節點，那麼你獲得一個節點的數據你把它改掉，或者說你獲取到的數據，實際上是沒有任何意義的，

譯：For example, it's 5,000 nodes, if you get data from one node and change it, or the data that you get doesn't really make any sense.

由於這個自己鏈上的數據的話，你就能夠在這個節點的查詢包括Transaction

譯：Because of the data on the chain itself, you can query Transaction on this node.

你是能夠查詢到它的數據包的，那你爲何還要去所謂的內存裏面獲取這個數據呢，

譯：You can query its data package, so why do you go to the memory to get this data?

這個是沒有任何須要性的，因此它原本這個狀態就是公開的，

譯：It is no necessary. So the status is already public.

你爲何還要去獲取它的內存，這是沒有什麼做用的，就算你把它改掉，就算你攻擊了它的虛擬機那也是沒有任何意義的。

譯：It doesn't make any sense that you get its memory, even if you change it or attack its virtual machine.

問：如何利用哈希值作棋牌發牌的隨機種子？

譯：How to use the hash value to make the random seed of the card deal?

其實這個算是目前比較難的一個問題吧，

譯：This is a hard issue for now.

以前有一個朋友還作過所謂的真隨機數的一個算法的一個實驗，

譯：A friend of mine did an experiment with an algorithm called true random Numbers.

他想利用在它本身的鏈上面，若是說你想經過以太坊的智能合約來作這個事情的話，基本上不太可行，

譯：He wants to leverage on its own chain, and if you want to do that through ethereum's smart contract, which is basically impossible.

可是的話你能夠模擬，但模擬是一個什麼方式呢，

譯：You can simulate, but what is simulation？

就舉個簡單的例子，好比說你整個的棋牌遊戲，好比說這個撲克牌，

譯：For example，the board games like poker,

其實那個撲克那麼你有多少的序列的組合，那麼你有這個組合的序列的話，

譯：In fact, how many combinations of sequences do you have for poker? 

你有一個所謂的區間值，你能夠在這個區間的集合裏面隨機取一個段，那麼隨機取一個段或者一個排列組合的話，你能夠經過好比說某個哈希值的取餘或者取模，

譯：You have an interval value that you can chose a random segment from the set of intervals. You can do that by hash value.

經過這種方式來獲得一個隨機的組合的一個區間的某一個位置，

譯：In this way to get a random combination of a certain position in an interval.

那你獲得這個位置之後你會對應的映射到，好比說某一個牌的排列組合上面，那麼這也是一種方案，

譯：When you get this position, you could map it to a particular combination of CARDS, that's a scheme.

一樣的你也能夠經過它的哈希這一串哈希的話，經過好比說兩個或者三個的取集中的字符串，

譯：You can go through the hash value, and taking two or three strings from the set.

好比說123,234,456,789，這種方式來取，那麼你把你須要的這些段取出來，

譯：you can via the way, such as 123,234,456,789，then you can get the segment.

你能夠把它公示出來，那麼你到底取模或者你取的這個數值究竟是從哪一個區間在哪一個地方開始取的

譯：You can public it, where you take the modulus and the date?

由於將來的話在下一個block ID或者說是哈希，誰都不知道這個ID是多少，由於它是隨機的，

譯：Nobody knows what the ID is in the future, because it's random.

因此說你能夠在任何一個時候，公佈這個算法來獲取這個哈希值，

譯：So you can get the hash value by public this algorithm at any time.

你能夠在其中的某一段來進行截取，你只要公開這個算法，這個方案就是能夠被證實的，這個是徹底沒有問題的。

譯：You can intercept it in any segments, if you expose the algorithm. The solution is provable, and there's no problem.

問：5G技術和量子計算機技術會對區塊鏈技術有多大的影響？

譯：How much influence will 5G and quantum computing have on blockchain?

我我的認爲呢5G技術會對區塊鏈是一個加速，

譯：I think the 5G will accelerate the blockchain.

由於目前畢竟5G尚未正式的被大規模的應用，

譯：After all, 5G has not yet been formally applied on a large scale.

那誰也不知道這個5G應用到底可以給咱們的區塊鏈帶來什麼，

譯：And nobody knows what the in influence 5G will bring to the blockchain.

雖說理論上你們可能知道低延時啊，高速率，

譯：Theoretically speaking, it is probably know low latency, high speed by everyone.

那麼，其實在整個區塊鏈這個行業裏面看來，低延遲和高速率對區塊鏈其實並無太多實質性的影響，

譯：In fact, low latency and high speed do not have much substantial impact on blockchain industry.

除非你有一個低延遲或者說是低延遲的這種場景須要這種高速率採集的場景，

譯：Unless you have a low latency or low latency scenario that requires this kind of high rate acquisition.

那麼必定會是好比說跟互聯網或者說是跟某一些那個大數據的場景相結合，

譯：It would be a combination like the Internet or some big data scenario.

那麼可能會是對區塊鏈會有積極地推進，由於它不會造成一個倒退，由於這是一個技術的發展，

譯：It's probably going to be a positive push for blockchain, it will not be a setback, because it's a technological development.

那還有一個是量子計算機，說到量子計算機的問題，

譯：There's the quantum computer, and when it comes to quantum computers.

其實我我的認爲量子計算機的出現會對PDC或者SSR這種加密的算法會形成影響的話，

譯：In fact, I personally think that if the emergence of quantum computers will have an impact on encryption algorithms such as PDC or SSR.

第一個擔憂的其實不該該是區塊鏈行業，應該是銀行，

譯：The first concern should not be the blockchain industry, but the Banks.

因此說無論量子計算機是否出現，而後量子計算機是否對區塊鍊形成影響，

譯：So whether quantum computers exist or not, and then whether quantum computers affect blockchain or not.

那麼，一樣的若是說它真的對區塊鍊形成的影響或者對咱們所謂的加密學的一些領域形成的危險，

譯：If it is really going to have an impact on blockchain or a danger to some area of cryptography.

那麼咱們必定會出來一種新的加密算法，新的所謂的抗量子的衝擊的一些算法出現，

譯：Then we will come up with a new encryption algorithm, some of which are quantum-proof.

那麼必定會有與之抗衡的方法出現，那麼咱們也不用過於擔憂，

譯： There must be a way to counter it, and we don't have to worry about it.

在出現以前，必定會被某些組織按在地裏面，直到咱們把安全問題解決爲止，確定是這樣。

譯：It's going to be suppressed by some organization until we figure out the security problem, that's sure.本文來自於鏈客社區www.liankexing.com