MySQL中Binlog的經常使用設置
獲取mysql鏡像
➜ ~ docker pull mysql
➜ ~ docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
mysql latest d435eee2caa5 3 weeks ago 456MB
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啓動mysql
➜ ~ docker run -itd --name docker-mysql-master -v /Users/chenyuan/Data/docker/mysql-data-master:/var/lib/mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=root -p 33061:3306 mysql
88820868af121cbac02f48a8c8e5c9eae5c6cf7241eefd3646634e14526a940f
➜ ~ docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
88820868af12 mysql "docker-entrypoint.s…" About a minute ago Up About a minute 33060/tcp, 0.0.0.0:33061->3306/tcp docker-mysql-master
➜ ~ docker exec -it 88820868af12 bash
root@88820868af12:/#
root@88820868af12:/# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.18 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
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肯定掛載的mysql-data文件html
➜ mysql-data-master ll
total 356592
drwxr-x--- 12 chenyuan staff 384B Dec 19 17:46 #innodb_temp
-rw-r----- 1 chenyuan staff 1.2K Dec 19 17:46 88820868af12.err
-rw-r----- 1 chenyuan staff 56B Dec 19 17:45 auto.cnf
-rw-r----- 1 chenyuan staff 2.9M Dec 19 17:46 binlog.000001
-rw-r----- 1 chenyuan staff 155B Dec 19 17:46 binlog.000002
-rw-r----- 1 chenyuan staff 32B Dec 19 17:46 binlog.index
-rw------- 1 chenyuan staff 1.6K Dec 19 17:45 ca-key.pem
-rw-r--r-- 1 chenyuan staff 1.1K Dec 19 17:45 ca.pem
-rw-r--r-- 1 chenyuan staff 1.1K Dec 19 17:45 client-cert.pem
-rw------- 1 chenyuan staff 1.6K Dec 19 17:45 client-key.pem
-rw-r----- 1 chenyuan staff 5.3K Dec 19 17:46 ib_buffer_pool
-rw-r----- 1 chenyuan staff 48M Dec 19 17:46 ib_logfile0
-rw-r----- 1 chenyuan staff 48M Dec 19 17:45 ib_logfile1
-rw-r----- 1 chenyuan staff 12M Dec 19 17:46 ibdata1
-rw-r----- 1 chenyuan staff 12M Dec 19 17:46 ibtmp1
drwxr-x--- 8 chenyuan staff 256B Dec 19 17:46 mysql
-rw-r----- 1 chenyuan staff 29M Dec 19 17:46 mysql.ibd
drwxr-x--- 105 chenyuan staff 3.3K Dec 19 17:45 performance_schema
-rw------- 1 chenyuan staff 1.6K Dec 19 17:45 private_key.pem
-rw-r--r-- 1 chenyuan staff 452B Dec 19 17:45 public_key.pem
-rw-r--r-- 1 chenyuan staff 1.1K Dec 19 17:45 server-cert.pem
-rw------- 1 chenyuan staff 1.6K Dec 19 17:45 server-key.pem
drwxr-x--- 3 chenyuan staff 96B Dec 19 17:46 sys
-rw-r----- 1 chenyuan staff 12M Dec 19 17:46 undo_001
-rw-r----- 1 chenyuan staff 10M Dec 19 17:46 undo_002
➜ mysql-data-master pwd
/Users/chenyuan/Data/docker/mysql-data-master
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Binlog配置
查看binlog日誌的地方，經過命令查看。由於沒有設置過因此看不到。mysql
mysql> mysql> show variables like '%datadir%';
Empty set (0.01 sec)
root@88820868af12:/etc/mysql# pwd
/etc/mysql
root@88820868af12:/etc/mysql# ls -l
total 12
drwxrwxr-x 1 root root 4096 Nov 23 01:48 conf.d
-rw-rw-r-- 1 root root 1174 Nov 23 01:48 my.cnf
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1469 Sep 20 09:04 my.cnf.fallback
# 後面設置好後，就能看到了。
mysql> show variables like '%datadir%';
+---------------+------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+------------------------+
| datadir | /usr/local/mysql/data/ |
+---------------+------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
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當前容器提交爲鏡像
到這裏遇到一個很是好玩的事情，就是獲取的mysql鏡像是一個很是乾淨的容器，經常使用的命令都沒有。好比：yum、ifconfig、cat等。因此我須要把當前的容器打一個鏡像包。而且docker run的時候要掛載一個本地的目錄，避免待會兒須要上傳一些工具包。linux
docker commit [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [REPOSITORY[:TAG]]
-a :提交的鏡像做者；
-c :使用Dockerfile指令來建立鏡像；
-m :提交時的說明文字；
-p :在commit時，將容器暫停。
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➜ ~ docker commit -a "chengcheng222e@sina.com" -m "created by vernon" 88820868af12 mysql-versnon:v1
sha256:e9691f399c321ea221b48e6142e9501f0ee69964fa4be687ac189f8444d75d66
➜ ~ docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
mysql-versnon v1 e9691f399c32 13 seconds ago 456MB
mysql latest d435eee2caa5 3 weeks ago 456MB
➜ Tools docker run -itd --name docker-mysql-master -v /Users/chenyuan/Data/docker/mysql-data-master:/var/lib/mysql -v /Users/chenyuan/Tools:/root/tools -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=root -p 33061:3306 mysql-versnon:v1
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這裏注意一下，由於docker pull mysql鏡像中的shell裏面命令太少了，很是的不方便。這裏建議你們仍是利用dockefile的方式或者是docker pull centos的方式來安裝mysql，否則你會懷疑人生。sql
經過dockerfile的方式：docker
FROM centos:7
MAINTAINER 2019-09-27 chenyuan chengcheng222e@sina.com
# Linux lib
RUN yum install -y tar RUN yum install -y unzip RUN yum install -y initscripts
# Software space
RUN mkdir -p ~/tools/ COPY jdk1.8.0_45.tar.gz ~/tools/ COPY mysql-5.6.45-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz ~/tools/
# JDK
WORKDIR ~/tools/ RUN tar -zxvf jdk1.8.0_45.tar.gz RUN mv jdk1.8.0_45 /opt/ RUN ln -s /opt/jdk1.8.0_45/bin/* /usr/local/sbin/ ENV JAVA_HOME /opt/jdk1.8.0_45
ENV JRE_HOME ${JAVA_HOME}/jre
ENV CLASSPATH .:${JAVA_HOME}/lib:${JRE_HOME}/lib
ENV PATH ${JAVA_HOME}/bin:$PATH
# MySQL
RUN cd ~/tools/ RUN yum -y install numactl RUN yum -y install libaio RUN yum -y install pwgen RUN yum install -y perl-Data-Dumper RUN tar -zxvf mysql-5.6.45-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz RUN mv mysql-5.6.45-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql RUN groupadd mysql RUN useradd -g mysql mysql RUN chown -R mysql /usr/local/mysql RUN chgrp -R mysql /usr/local/mysql
RUN cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld COPY my.cnf /etc/my.cnf RUN /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data ENV PATH $PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin
EXPOSE 3306
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my.conf配置
修改my.conf的內容shell
[client]
default-character-set=utf8
[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8
[mysqld]
user=mysql
default-storage-engine=INNODB
character-set-server=utf8
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
server-id = 1
log-bin=mysql-bin
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
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Binlog格式
Binlog的格式也有三種：STATEMENT、ROW、MIXED 。centos
-
STATMENT模式：基於SQL語句的複製（statement-based replication, SBR），每一條會修改數據的sql語句會記錄到binlog中。bash
- 優勢：不須要記錄每一條SQL語句與每行的數據變化，這樣子binlog的日誌也會比較少，減小了磁盤IO，提升性能。
- 缺點：在某些狀況下會致使master-slave中的數據不一致(如sleep()函數， last_insert_id()，以及user-defined functions(udf)等會出現問題)
-
基於行的複製（row-based replication, RBR）：不記錄每一條SQL語句的上下文信息，僅需記錄哪條數據被修改了，修改爲了什麼樣子了。socket
- 優勢：不會出現某些特定狀況下的存儲過程、或function、或trigger的調用和觸發沒法被正確複製的問題。
- 缺點：會產生大量的日誌，尤爲是alter table的時候會讓日誌暴漲。
-
混合模式複製（mixed-based replication, MBR）：以上兩種模式的混合使用，通常的複製使用STATEMENT模式保存binlog，對於STATEMENT模式沒法複製的操做使用ROW模式保存binlog，MySQL會根據執行的SQL語句選擇日誌保存方式。tcp
設置Binglog
經過show variables的方式來查看binlog的一個實際狀況。
mysql> show variables like '%log_bin%';
+---------------------------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------------------------+-------+
| log_bin | OFF |
| log_bin_basename | |
| log_bin_index | |
| log_bin_trust_function_creators | OFF |
| log_bin_use_v1_row_events | OFF |
| sql_log_bin | ON |
+---------------------------------+-------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
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從上面能夠看出，沒有開啓binlog日誌，那麼咱們接下來開啓binlog。
在/etc/my.cnf裏面開啓binlog配置。
server-id = 1
log-bin=mysql-bin
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再次查看：
mysql> show variables like '%log_bin%';
+---------------------------------+---------------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------------------------+---------------------------------------+
| log_bin | ON |
| log_bin_basename | /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql-bin |
| log_bin_index | /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql-bin.index |
| log_bin_trust_function_creators | OFF |
| log_bin_use_v1_row_events | OFF |
| sql_log_bin | ON |
+---------------------------------+---------------------------------------+
6 rows in set (0.01 sec)
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查看binlog_format
mysql> show variables like 'binlog_format';
+---------------+-----------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-----------+
| binlog_format | STATEMENT |
+---------------+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
# 默認的格式就是 STATEMENT
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肯定binlog日誌文件
mysql> show binlog events;
+------------------+-----+-------------+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------+
| Log_name | Pos | Event_type | Server_id | End_log_pos | Info |
+------------------+-----+-------------+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------+
| mysql-bin.000001 | 4 | Format_desc | 1 | 120 | Server ver: 5.6.45-log, Binlog ver: 4 |
+------------------+-----+-------------+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------+
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建立表
mysql> use test;
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
Empty set (0.01 sec)
mysql> CREATE TABLE `person` (
-> `id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
-> `first_name` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
-> `age` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
-> `gender` char(1) DEFAULT NULL
-> ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
-> ;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)
INSERT INTO test.person (id, first_name, age, gender) VALUES (1, 'Bob', 25, 'M');
INSERT INTO test.person (id, first_name, age, gender) VALUES (2, 'Jane', 20, 'F');
INSERT INTO test.person (id, first_name, age, gender) VALUES (3, 'Jack', 30, 'M');
INSERT INTO test.person (id, first_name, age, gender) VALUES (4, 'Bill', 32, 'M');
INSERT INTO test.person (id, first_name, age, gender) VALUES (5, 'Nick', 22, 'M');
INSERT INTO test.person (id, first_name, age, gender) VALUES (6, 'Kathy', 18, 'F');
INSERT INTO test.person (id, first_name, age, gender) VALUES (7, 'Steve', 36, 'M');
INSERT INTO test.person (id, first_name, age, gender) VALUES (8, 'Anne', 25, 'F');
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查看binlog
mysql> show binlog events in 'mysql-bin.000001';
+------------------+------+-------------+-----------+-------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Log_name | Pos | Event_type | Server_id | End_log_pos | Info |
+------------------+------+-------------+-----------+-------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| mysql-bin.000001 | 4 | Format_desc | 1 | 120 | Server ver: 5.6.45-log, Binlog ver: 4 |
| mysql-bin.000001 | 120 | Query | 1 | 386 | use `test`; CREATE TABLE `person` (
`id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
`first_name` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
`age` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
`gender` char(1) DEFAULT NULL
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 |
| mysql-bin.000001 | 386 | Query | 1 | 465 | BEGIN |
| mysql-bin.000001 | 465 | Query | 1 | 619 | use `test`; INSERT INTO test.person (id, first_name, age, gender) VALUES (1, 'Bob', 25, 'M') |
| mysql-bin.000001 | 619 | Xid | 1 | 650 | COMMIT /* xid=14 */ |
| mysql-bin.000001 | 650 | Query | 1 | 729 | BEGIN |
| mysql-bin.000001 | 729 | Query | 1 | 884 | use `test`; INSERT INTO test.person (id, first_name, age, gender) VALUES (2, 'Jane', 20, 'F') |
| mysql-bin.000001 | 884 | Xid | 1 | 915 | COMMIT /* xid=15 */ |
| mysql-bin.000001 | 915 | Query | 1 | 994 | BEGIN |
| mysql-bin.000001 | 994 | Query | 1 | 1149 | use `test`; INSERT INTO test.person (id, first_name, age, gender) VALUES (3, 'Jack', 30, 'M') |
| mysql-bin.000001 | 1149 | Xid | 1 | 1180 | COMMIT /* xid=16 */ |
| mysql-bin.000001 | 1180 | Query | 1 | 1259 | BEGIN |
| mysql-bin.000001 | 1259 | Query | 1 | 1414 | use `test`; INSERT INTO test.person (id, first_name, age, gender) VALUES (4, 'Bill', 32, 'M') |
| mysql-bin.000001 | 1414 | Xid | 1 | 1445 | COMMIT /* xid=17 */ |
| mysql-bin.000001 | 1445 | Query | 1 | 1524 | BEGIN |
| mysql-bin.000001 | 1524 | Query | 1 | 1679 | use `test`; INSERT INTO test.person (id, first_name, age, gender) VALUES (5, 'Nick', 22, 'M') |
| mysql-bin.000001 | 1679 | Xid | 1 | 1710 | COMMIT /* xid=18 */ |
| mysql-bin.000001 | 1710 | Query | 1 | 1789 | BEGIN |
| mysql-bin.000001 | 1789 | Query | 1 | 1945 | use `test`; INSERT INTO test.person (id, first_name, age, gender) VALUES (6, 'Kathy', 18, 'F') |
| mysql-bin.000001 | 1945 | Xid | 1 | 1976 | COMMIT /* xid=19 */ |
| mysql-bin.000001 | 1976 | Query | 1 | 2055 | BEGIN |
| mysql-bin.000001 | 2055 | Query | 1 | 2211 | use `test`; INSERT INTO test.person (id, first_name, age, gender) VALUES (7, 'Steve', 36, 'M') |
| mysql-bin.000001 | 2211 | Xid | 1 | 2242 | COMMIT /* xid=20 */ |
| mysql-bin.000001 | 2242 | Query | 1 | 2321 | BEGIN |
| mysql-bin.000001 | 2321 | Query | 1 | 2476 | use `test`; INSERT INTO test.person (id, first_name, age, gender) VALUES (8, 'Anne', 25, 'F') |
| mysql-bin.000001 | 2476 | Xid | 1 | 2507 | COMMIT /* xid=21 */ |
+------------------+------+-------------+-----------+-------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
26 rows in set (0.01 sec)
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經常使用命令
show variables like 'binlog_format'
set globle binlog_format='MIXED'
show variables like 'log_bin'
show binary logs
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遇到問題:
[mysql@c738746e9623 support-files]$ ./mysql.server start
Starting MySQL... ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file (/usr/local/mysql/data/c738746e9623.pid).
log_bin=ON
log_bin_basename=/var/lib/mysql/mysql-bin
log_bin_index=/var/lib/mysql/mysql-bin.index
server-id=1
# 修改成
server-id = 1
log-bin=mysql-bin
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