如何修改Ubuntu的源列表(source list)

如何修改Ubuntu的源列表(source list)

 

簡介

Ubuntu缺省的配置的源並非國內的服務器，下載更新軟件都比較慢，本文介紹如何設置源列表，選擇比較快的源以節省下載時間。

配置步驟

1. 備份源列表

sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list_backup

2. 選擇合適的源，替換原文件的內容，保存編輯好的文件

以阿里雲更新服務器爲例（從實際測試上結果分析，我的認爲阿里雲比網易和搜狐的服務器要快）：

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ XXXXX main restricted universe multiverse  
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ XXXXX-security main restricted universe multiverse  
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ XXXXX-updates main restricted universe multiverse  
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ XXXXX-proposed main restricted universe multiverse  
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ XXXXX-backports main restricted universe multiverse  
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ XXXXX main restricted universe multiverse  
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ XXXXX-security main restricted universe multiverse  
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ XXXXX-updates main restricted universe multiverse  
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ XXXXX-proposed main restricted universe multiverse  
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ XXXXX-backports main restricted universe multiverse

根據具體使用的Ubuntu的版本不一樣，將上述文本中XXXXX替換爲下面對應版本的字符串:

Utopic(14.10):     utopic
Trusty(14.04):     trusty
Precise(12.04):  precise
Lucid(10.04):      lucid

3. 刷新列表

sudo apt-get update  

更新完畢後，再次安裝源時，將重新服務器上下載源包。

4.示例

阿里雲：

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu trusty main restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu trusty main restricted
 
## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the
## distribution.
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu trusty-updates main restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu trusty-updates main restricted
 
## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team. Also, please note that software in universe WILL NOT receive any
## review or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu trusty universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu trusty universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu trusty-updates universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu trusty-updates universe
 
## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to
## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in
## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu
## security team.
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu trusty multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu trusty multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu trusty-updates multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu trusty-updates multiverse
 
## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as
## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes
## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features.
## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review
## or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse
 
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-security main restricted
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-security main restricted
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-security universe
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-security universe
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-security multiverse
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-security multiverse

163：

add by Crifan Li 2013-08-08, added 163 source
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse