與webView進行交互,webView小記

1、與webView進行交互,調用web頁面中的須要傳參的函數時,參數須要帶單引號,或者雙引號(雙引號須要進行轉義在轉義字符前加\),在傳遞json字符串時不須要加單引號或雙引號。 html

-(void)webViewDidFinishLoad:(UIWebView *)webView
{
    NSString *sendJsStr=[NSString stringWithFormat:@"openFile(\"%@\")",jsDocPathStr];
  [webView stringByEvaluatingJavaScriptFromString:sendJsStr];
}

二、在該代理方法中判斷與webView的交互,可經過html裏定義的協議實現 ios

- (BOOL)webView:(UIWebView*)webView shouldStartLoadWithRequest:(NSURLRequest*)request navigationType:(UIWebViewNavigationType)navigationType
三、只有在webView加載完畢以後在可以調用對應頁面中的js方法。(對應方法如第一條)

 四、爲webView添加背景圖片 web

approvalWebView.backgroundColor=[UIColor clearColor];
approvalWebView.opaque=NO;//這句話很重要,webView是不是不透明的,no爲透明
//在webView下添加個imageView展現圖片就能夠了

 五、獲取webView頁面內容信息 json

NSString *docStr=[webView stringByEvaluatingJavaScriptFromString:@"document.documentElement.textContent"];//獲取web頁面內容信息,此處獲取的是個json字符串

SBJsonParser *parserJson=[[[SBJsonParser alloc]init]autorelease];

NSDictionary *contentDic=[parserJson objectWithString:docStr];//將json字符串轉化爲字典

 六、加載本地文件的方法 緩存

第一種方法:
NSString* path = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:name ofType:@"html" inDirectory:@"mobile"];//mobile是根目錄,name是文件名稱,html是文件類型
[webView loadRequest:[NSURLRequest requestWithURL:[NSURL fileURLWithPath:path]]]; //加載本地文件
第二種方法:
NSString *resourcePath = [[NSBundle mainBundle] resourcePath];  
NSString *filePath = [resourcePath stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"mobile.html"];  
NSString *htmlstring=[[NSString alloc] initWithContentsOfFile:filePath  encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding error:nil];  
[uiwebview loadHTMLString:htmlstring baseURL:[NSURL fileURLWithPath:[[NSBundle mainBundle] bundlePath]]];

 七、將文件下載到本地址而後再用webView打開 cookie

NSString *resourceDocPath = [[NSString alloc] initWithString:[[[[NSBundle mainBundle]  resourcePath] stringByDeletingLastPathComponent] stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"Documents"]];
 self.filePath = [resourceDocPath stringByAppendingPathComponent:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"maydoc%@",docType]];
NSData *attachmentData = [[NSData alloc] initWithContentsOfURL:[NSURL URLWithString:theUrl]];
[attachmentData writeToFile:filePath atomically:YES];
 NSURL *url = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:filePath];
 NSURLRequest *requestObj = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:url];
 [attachmentWebView loadRequest:requestObj];
//刪除指定目錄下的文件

NSFileManager *magngerDoc=[NSFileManager defaultManager];
[magngerDoc removeItemAtPath:filePath error:nil];
八、處理webView展現txt文檔亂碼問題
if ([theType isEqualToString:@".txt"]) 
 {
//txt分帶編碼和不帶編碼兩種,帶編碼的如UTF-8格式txt,不帶編碼的如ANSI格式txt
//不帶的,能夠依次嘗試GBK和GB18030編碼
NSString* aStr = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:attachmentData encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
if (!aStr) 
{
//用GBK進行編碼
aStr=[[NSString alloc] initWithData:attachmentData encoding:0x80000632];
}
if (!aStr) 
{
//用GBK編碼不行,再用GB18030編碼
 aStr=[[NSString alloc] initWithData:attachmentData encoding:0x80000631];
}
//經過html語言進行排版
 NSString* responseStr = [NSString stringWithFormat:
                                 @"<HTML>"
                                 "<head>"
                                 "<title>Text View</title>"
                                 "</head>"
                                 "<BODY>"
                                 "<pre>"
                                 "%@"
                                 "/pre>"
                                 "</BODY>"
                                 "</HTML>",
                                 aStr];
 [attachmentWebView loadHTMLString:responseStr baseURL:[NSURL fileURLWithPath:[[NSBundle mainBundle] bundlePath]]];
        return;
 }

 9 、使用webView加載本地或網絡文件整個流程 網絡

一、 Loading a local PDF file into the web view

- (void)viewDidLoad {
    [super viewDidLoad];
 //從本地加載
    NSString *thePath = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"iPhone_User_Guide" ofType:@"pdf"];
    if (thePath) {
        NSData *pdfData = [NSData dataWithContentsOfFile:thePath];
        [(UIWebView *)self.view loadData:pdfData MIMEType:@"application/pdf"
            textEncodingName:@"utf-8" baseURL:nil];
    }
//從網絡加載
[self.myWebView loadRequest:[NSURLRequest requestWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://www.apple.com/"]]];
}
二、The web-view delegate managing network loading

- (void)webViewDidStartLoad:(UIWebView *)webView
{
    // starting the load, show the activity indicator in the status bar
    [UIApplication sharedApplication].networkActivityIndicatorVisible = YES;
}
 
- (void)webViewDidFinishLoad:(UIWebView *)webView
{
    // finished loading, hide the activity indicator in the status bar
    [UIApplication sharedApplication].networkActivityIndicatorVisible = NO;
}
 
- (void)webView:(UIWebView *)webView didFailLoadWithError:(NSError *)error
{
    // load error, hide the activity indicator in the status bar
    [UIApplication sharedApplication].networkActivityIndicatorVisible = NO;
 
    // report the error inside the webview
    NSString* errorString = [NSString stringWithFormat:
                             @"<html><center><font size=+5 color='red'>An error occurred:<br>%@</font></center></html>",
                             error.localizedDescription];
    [self.myWebView loadHTMLString:errorString baseURL:nil];
}
三、Stopping a load request when the web view is to disappear

- (void)viewWillDisappear:(BOOL)animated
{
    if ( [self.myWebView loading] ) {
        [self.myWebView stopLoading];
    }
    self.myWebView.delegate = nil;    // disconnect the delegate as the webview is hidden
    [UIApplication sharedApplication].networkActivityIndicatorVisible = NO;
}
/************/
引用自蘋果官方文檔(displaying web content)

十、查找webView中的scrollview app

- (void) addScrollViewListener
{
    UIScrollView* currentScrollView;
    for (UIView* subView in self.webView.subviews) {
        if ([subView isKindOfClass:[UIScrollView class]]) {
            currentScrollView = (UIScrollView*)subView;
            currentScrollView.delegate = self;
        }
    }
}

十一、去掉webView的陰影,作成相似scrollView dom

- (void)clearBackgroundWithColor:(UIColor*)color
{
  // 去掉webview的陰影
  self.backgroundColor = color;
  for (UIView* subView in [self subviews])
  {
    if ([subView isKindOfClass:[UIScrollView class]]) {
      for (UIView* shadowView in [subView subviews])
      {
        if ([shadowView isKindOfClass:[UIImageView class]]) {
          [shadowView setHidden:YES];
        }
      }
    }
  }

}

 十二、取消長按webView上的連接彈出actionSheet的問題 ide

-(void)webViewDidFinishLoad:(UIWebView *)webView
{
 [webView stringByEvaluatingJavaScriptFromString:@"document.documentElement.style.webkitTouchCallout = 'none';"];
}
1三、取消webView上的超級連接加載問題
-(BOOL)webView:(UIWebView *)webView shouldStartLoadWithRequest:(NSURLRequest *)request navigationType:(UIWebViewNavigationType)navigationType
{
    if (navigationType==UIWebViewNavigationTypeLinkClicked) {
        return NO;
    }
    else {
        return YES;
    }
}

1四、1、webView在ios5.1以前的bug:在以前的工程中使用webView加載附件,webView支持doc,excel,ppt,pdf等格式,但這些附件必須先下載到本地而後在加載到webView上才能夠顯示, 當附件下載到本地以後剛剛開始加載到webView上時,此時退出附件頁面會致使程序崩潰。會崩潰是因爲webView控件內部沒有把相關代理取消掉,因此致使退出以後程序崩潰。

2、webView在5.1上的bug:以前項目需求要webView能夠左右活動,但在往webView上加載頁面時致使頁面加載不全,這個bug是因爲webView自己的緩存所致。(還有待研究)

1五、在使用webView進行新浪微博分享時,webView會自動保存登錄的cookie致使項目中的分享模塊有些問題,刪除 webView的cookie的方法

-(void)deleteCookieForDominPathStr:(NSString *)thePath
{
    //刪除本地cookie,thePath爲cookie路徑經過打印cookie可知道其路徑    
    for(NSHTTPCookie *cookie in [[NSHTTPCookieStorage sharedHTTPCookieStorage] cookies]) {
        
        if([[cookie domain] isEqualToString:thePath]) {
            
            [[NSHTTPCookieStorage sharedHTTPCookieStorage] deleteCookie:cookie];
        }
    }
}

 1六、在UIWebView中使用flashScrollIndicators

使用UIScrollView時,咱們可使用flashScrollIndicators方法顯示滾動標識而後消失,告知用戶此頁面能夠滾動,後面還有更多內容。UIWebView內部依賴於UIScrollView,可是其沒有flashScrollIndicators方法,但能夠經過其餘途徑使用此方法,以下所示。

for (id subView in [webView subviews]) 
{   if ([subView respondsToSelector:@selector(flashScrollIndicators)])      
     { 
       [subView flashScrollIndicators]; 
     } 
}
上述代碼片斷能夠到webViewDidFinishLoad回調中使用,加載完網頁內容後flash顯示滾動標識。

1七、根據內容獲取UIWebView的高度

有時候須要根據不一樣的內容調整UIWebView的高度,以使UIWebView恰好裝下全部內容,不用拖動,後面也不會留白。有兩種方式可根據加載內容獲取UIWebView的合適高度,但都須要在網頁內容加載完成後才能夠,即須要在webViewDidFinishLoad回調中使用。

①.使用sizeThatFits方法。

- (void)webViewDidFinishLoad:(UIWebView *)webView 
{     
	CGRect frame = webView.frame;    
	frame.size.height = 1;     
	webView.frame = frame;     
	CGSize fittingSize = [webView sizeThatFits:CGSizeZero];     
	frame.size = fittingSize;    
	webView.frame = frame; 
}
sizeThatFits方法有個問題,若是當前UIView的大小比恰好合適的大小還大,則返回當前的大小,不會返回最合適的大小值,因此使用sizeThatFits前,先將UIWebView的高度設爲最小,即1,而後再使用sizeThatFits就會返回恰好合適的大小。

②、使用JavaScript

- (void)webViewDidFinishLoad:(UIWebView *)webView 
{     CGRect frame = webView.frame;   
      NSString *fitHeight = [webview stringByEvaluatingJavaScriptFromString:@"document.body.scrollHeight;"];     
     frame.size.height = [fitHeight floatValue];    
     webView.frame = frame; 
}

參考:
Three useful UIWebView tweaks
How to determine UIWebView height based on content, within a variable height UITableView?
How to determine the content size of a UIWebView?
clientHeight,offsetHeight和scrollHeight區別

 
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