ElasticSearch是一個基於Lucene的搜索服務器。它提供了一個分佈式多用戶能力的全文搜索引擎,基於RESTful web接口。Elasticsearch是用Java開發的,並做爲Apache許可條款下的開放源碼發佈,是第二流行的企業搜索引擎。設計用於雲計算中,可以達到實時搜索,穩定,可靠,快速,安裝使用方便。php
LogStash由JRuby語言編寫,基於消息(message-based)的簡單架構,並運行在Java虛擬機(JVM)上。不一樣於分離的代理端(agent)或主機端(server),LogStash可配置單一的代理端(agent)與其它開源軟件結合,以實現不一樣的功能。java
Logstash是一個徹底開源的工具,他能夠對你的日誌進行收集、分析,並將其存儲供之後使用(如,搜索),您可使用它。說到搜索,logstash帶有一個web界面,搜索和展現全部日誌。node
兩臺虛擬機:
hostname:linux-node1和linux-node2
ip地址:192.168.56.11和192.168.56.22mysql
[root@linux-node2 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.1.1503 (Core)
[root@linux-node2 ~]# uname -a
Linux linux-node2 3.10.0-229.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Fri Mar 6 11:36:42 UTC 2015 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
[root@linux-node2 ~]# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.56.11 linux-node1.oldboyedu.com linux-node1
192.168.56.12 linux-node2.oldboyedu.com linux-node2
下載並安裝GPG keylinux
[root@linux-node2 ~]# rpm --import https://packages.elastic.co/GPG-KEY-elasticsearch
添加yum倉庫nginx
[root@linux-node2 ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/elasticsearch.repo
[elasticsearch-2.x]
name=Elasticsearch repository for 2.x packages
baseurl=http://packages.elastic.co/elasticsearch/2.x/centos
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://packages.elastic.co/GPG-KEY-elasticsearch
enabled=1
安裝elasticsearchgit
[root@hadoop-node2 ~]# yum install -y elasticsearch
下載並安裝GPG keygithub
[root@linux-node2 ~]# rpm --import https://packages.elastic.co/GPG-KEY-elasticsearch
添加yum倉庫web
[root@linux-node2 ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/logstash.repo
[logstash-2.1]
name=Logstash repository for 2.1.x packages
baseurl=http://packages.elastic.co/logstash/2.1/centos
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://packages.elastic.co/GPG-KEY-elasticsearch
enabled=1
安裝logstash正則表達式
[root@linux-node2 ~]# yum install -y logstash
安裝kibana
[root@linux-node2 ~]#cd /usr/local/src
[root@linux-node2 ~]#wget https://download.elastic.co/kibana/kibana/kibana-4.3.1-linux-x64.tar.gz
tar zxf kibana-4.3.1-linux-x64.tar.gz
[root@linux-node1 src]# mv kibana-4.3.1-linux-x64 /usr/local/
[root@linux-node2 src]# ln -s /usr/local/kibana-4.3.1-linux-x64/ /usr/local/kibana
安裝Redis,nginx和java
[root@linux-node2 ~]#yum install -y redis nginx java
修改elasticsearch配置文件,並受權
[root@linux-node1 src]# grep -n '^[a-Z]' /etc/elasticsearch/elasticsearch.yml
17:cluster.name: chuck-cluster 判別節點是不是統一集羣
23:node.name: linux-node1 節點的hostname
33:path.data: /data/es-data 數據存放路徑
37:path.logs: /var/log/elasticsearch/ 日誌路徑
43:bootstrap.mlockall: true 鎖住內存,使內存不會再swap中使用
54:network.host: 0.0.0.0 容許訪問的ip
58:http.port: 9200 端口
[root@linux-node1 ~]# mkdir -p /data/es-data
[root@linux-node1 src]# chown elasticsearch.elasticsearch /data/es-data/
啓動elasticsearch
[root@linux-node1 src]# systemctl start elasticsearch
[root@linux-node1 src]# systemctl enable elasticsearch
ln -s '/usr/lib/systemd/system/elasticsearch.service' '/etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/elasticsearch.service'
[root@linux-node1 src]# systemctl status elasticsearch
elasticsearch.service - Elasticsearch
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/elasticsearch.service; enabled)
Active: active (running) since Thu 2016-01-14 09:30:25 CST; 14s ago
Docs: http://www.elastic.co
Main PID: 37954 (java)
CGroup: /system.slice/elasticsearch.service
└─37954 /bin/java -Xms256m -Xmx1g -Djava.awt.headless=true -XX:+UseParNewGC -XX:+UseConc...
Jan 14 09:30:25 linux-node1 systemd[1]: Starting Elasticsearch...
Jan 14 09:30:25 linux-node1 systemd[1]: Started Elasticsearch.
[root@linux-node1 src]# netstat -lntup|grep 9200
tcp6 0 0 :::9200 :::* LISTEN 37954/java
訪問9200端口,會把信息顯示出來
查看當前索引和分片狀況,稍後會有插件展現
[root@linux-node1 src]# curl -i -XGET 'http://192.168.56.11:9200/_count?pretty' -d '{
"query" {
"match_all": {}
}
}'
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8
Content-Length: 95
{
"count" : 0, 索引0個
"_shards" : { 分區0個
"total" : 0,
"successful" : 0, 成功0個
"failed" : 0 失敗0個
}
}
使用head插件顯示索引和分片狀況
[root@linux-node1 src]# /usr/share/elasticsearch/bin/plugin install mobz/elasticsearch-head
在插件中添加一個index-demo/test的索引,提交請求
發送一個GET(固然可使用其餘類型請求)請求,查詢上述索引id
在基本查詢中查看所建索引
將linux-node1的配置文件拷貝到linux-node2中,並修改配置文件並受權
配置文件中cluster.name的名字必定要一致,當集羣內節點啓動的時候,默認使用組播(多播),尋找集羣中的節點
[root@linux-node1 src]# scp /etc/elasticsearch/elasticsearch.yml 192.168.56.12:/etc/elasticsearch/elasticsearch.yml
[root@linux-node2 elasticsearch]# sed -i '23s#node.name: linux-node1#node.name: linux-node2#g' elasticsearch.yml
[root@linux-node2 elasticsearch]# mkdir -p /data/es-data
[root@linux-node2 elasticsearch]# chown elasticsearch.elasticsearch /data/es-data/
啓動elasticsearch
[root@linux-node2 elasticsearch]# systemctl enable elasticsearch.service
ln -s '/usr/lib/systemd/system/elasticsearch.service' '/etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/elasticsearch.service'
[root@linux-node2 elasticsearch]# systemctl start elasticsearch.service
[root@linux-node2 elasticsearch]# systemctl status elasticsearch.service
elasticsearch.service - Elasticsearch
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/elasticsearch.service; enabled)
Active: active (running) since Thu 2016-01-14 02:56:35 CST; 4s ago
Docs: http://www.elastic.co
Process: 38519 ExecStartPre=/usr/share/elasticsearch/bin/elasticsearch-systemd-pre-exec (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 38520 (java)
CGroup: /system.slice/elasticsearch.service
└─38520 /bin/java -Xms256m -Xmx1g -Djava.awt.headless=true -XX:+UseParNewGC -XX:+UseConc...
Jan 14 02:56:35 linux-node2 systemd[1]: Starting Elasticsearch...
Jan 14 02:56:35 linux-node2 systemd[1]: Started Elasticsearch.
在linux-node2配置中添加以下內容,使用單播模式(嘗試了使用組播,可是不生效)
[root@linux-node1 ~]# grep -n "^discovery" /etc/elasticsearch/elasticsearch.yml
79:discovery.zen.ping.unicast.hosts: ["linux-node1", "linux-node2"]
[root@linux-node1 ~]# systemctl restart elasticsearch.service
在瀏覽器中查看分片信息,一個索引默認被分紅了5個分片,每份數據被分紅了五個分片(能夠調節分片數量),下圖中外圍帶綠色框的爲主分片,不帶框的爲副本分片,主分片丟失,副本分片會複製一份成爲主分片,起到了高可用的做用,主副分片也可使用負載均衡加快查詢速度,可是若是主副本分片都丟失,則索引就是完全丟失。
[root@linux-node1 bin]# /usr/share/elasticsearch/bin/plugin install lmenezes/elasticsearch-kopf
從下圖能夠看出節點的負載,cpu適應狀況,java對內存的使用(heap usage),磁盤使用,啓動時間
除此以外,kopf插件還提供了REST API 等,相似kopf插件的還有bigdesk,可是bigdesk目前還不支持2.1!!!安裝bigdesk的方法以下
/usr/share/elasticsearch/bin/plugin install lukas-vlcek/bigdesk
當第一個節點啓動,它會組播發現其餘節點,發現集羣名字同樣的時候,就會自動加入集羣。隨便一個節點都是能夠鏈接的,並非主節點才能夠鏈接,鏈接的節點起到的做用只是彙總信息展現
最初能夠自定義設置分片的個數,分片一旦設置好,就不能夠改變。主分片和副本分片都丟失,數據即丟失,沒法恢復,能夠將無用索引刪除。有些老索引或者不經常使用的索引須要按期刪除,不然會致使es資源剩餘有限,佔用磁盤大,搜索慢等。若是暫時不想刪除有些索引,能夠在插件中關閉索引,就不會佔用內存了。
啓動一個logstash,-e:在命令行執行;input輸入,stdin標準輸入,是一個插件;output輸出,stdout:標準輸出
[root@linux-node1 bin]# /opt/logstash/bin/logstash -e 'input { stdin{} } output { stdout{} }' Settings: Default filter workers: 1
Logstash startup completed
chuck ==>輸入
2016-01-14T06:01:07.184Z linux-node1 chuck ==>輸出
www.chuck-blog.com ==>輸入
2016-01-14T06:01:18.581Z linux-node1 www.chuck-blog.com ==>輸出
使用rubudebug顯示詳細輸出,codec爲一種編解碼器
[root@linux-node1 bin]# /opt/logstash/bin/logstash -e 'input { stdin{} } output { stdout{ codec => rubydebug} }'
Settings: Default filter workers: 1
Logstash startup completed
chuck ==>輸入
{
"message" => "chuck",
"@version" => "1",
"@timestamp" => "2016-01-14T06:07:50.117Z",
"host" => "linux-node1"
} ==>使用rubydebug輸出
上述每一條輸出的內容稱爲一個事件,多個相同的輸出的內容合併到一塊兒稱爲一個事件(舉例:日誌中連續相同的日誌輸出稱爲一個事件)!
使用logstash將信息寫入到elasticsearch
[root@linux-node1 bin]# /opt/logstash/bin/logstash -e 'input { stdin{} } output { elasticsearch { hosts => ["192.168.56.11:9200"] } }'
Settings: Default filter workers: 1
Logstash startup completed
maliang
chuck
chuck-blog.com
www.chuck-bllog.com
在elasticsearch中查看logstash新加的索引
在elasticsearch中寫一份,同時在本地輸出一份,也就是在本地保留一份文本文件,也就不用在elasticsearch中再定時備份到遠端一份了。此處使用的保留文本文件三大優點:1)文本最簡單 2)文本能夠二次加工 3)文本的壓縮比最高
[root@linux-node1 bin]# /opt/logstash/bin/logstash -e 'input { stdin{} } output { elasticsearch { hosts => ["192.168.56.11:9200"] } stdout{ codec => rubydebug } }'
Settings: Default filter workers: 1
Logstash startup completed
www.google.com
{
"message" => "www.google.com",
"@version" => "1",
"@timestamp" => "2016-01-14T06:27:49.014Z",
"host" => "linux-node1"
}
www.elastic.co
{
"message" => "www.elastic.co",
"@version" => "1",
"@timestamp" => "2016-01-14T06:27:58.058Z",
"host" => "linux-node1"
}
使用logstash啓動一個配置文件,會在elasticsearch中寫一份
[root@linux-node1 ~]# cat normal.conf
input { stdin { } }
output {
elasticsearch { hosts => ["localhost:9200"] }
stdout { codec => rubydebug }
}
[root@linux-node1 ~]# /opt/logstash/bin/logstash -f normal.conf
Settings: Default filter workers: 1
Logstash startup completed
123
{
"message" => "123",
"@version" => "1",
"@timestamp" => "2016-01-14T06:51:13.411Z",
"host" => "linux-node1
input {
file {
path => "/var/log/messages"
type => "syslog"
}
file {
path => "/var/log/apache/access.log"
type => "apache"
}
}
path => ["/var/log/messages","/var/log/*.log"]
path => ["/data/mysql/mysql.log"]
ssl_enable => true
my_bytes => "1113" # 1113 bytes
my_bytes => "10MiB" # 10485760 bytes
my_bytes => "100kib" # 102400 bytes
my_bytes => "180 mb" # 180000000 bytes
match => {
"field1" => "value1"
"field2" => "value2"
...
}
port => 33
my_password => "password"
sincedb_path:記錄logstash讀取位置的路徑
start_postion :包括beginning和end,指定收集的位置,默認是end,從尾部開始
add_field 加一個域
discover_internal 發現間隔,每隔多久收集一次,默認15秒
[root@linux-node1 ~]# cat system.conf
input {
file {
path => "/var/log/messages"
type => "system"
start_position => "beginning"
}
}
output {
elasticsearch {
hosts => ["192.168.56.11:9200"]
index => "system-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
}
}
[root@linux-node1 ~]# /opt/logstash/bin/logstash -f system.conf
此處把上個system日誌和這個error(java程序日誌)日誌,放在一塊兒。使用if判斷,兩種日誌分別寫到不一樣索引中.此處的type(固定的就是type,不可更改)不能夠和日誌格式的任何一個域(能夠理解爲字段)的名稱重複,也就是說日誌的域不能夠有type這個名稱。
[root@linux-node1 ~]# cat all.conf
input {
file {
path => "/var/log/messages"
type => "system"
start_position => "beginning"
}
file {
path => "/var/log/elasticsearch/chuck-cluster.log"
type => "es-error"
start_position => "beginning"
}
}
output {
if [type] == "system" {
elasticsearch {
hosts => ["192.168.56.11:9200"]
index => "system-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
}
}
if [type] == "es-error" {
elasticsearch {
hosts => ["192.168.56.11:9200"]
index => "es-error-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
}
}
}
[root@linux-node1 ~]# /opt/logstash/bin/logstash -f all.conf
以at.org開頭的內容都屬於同一個事件,可是顯示在不一樣行,這樣的日誌格式看起來很不方便,因此須要把他們合併到一個事件中
官方文檔提供
input {
stdin {
codec => multiline {
` pattern => "pattern, a regexp"
negate => "true" or "false"
what => "previous" or "next"`
}
}
}
regrxp:使用正則,什麼狀況下把多行合併起來
negate:正向匹配和反向匹配
what:合併到當前行仍是下一行
在標準輸入和標準輸出中測試以證實多行收集到一個日誌成功
[root@linux-node1 ~]# cat muliline.conf
input {
stdin {
codec => multiline {
pattern => "^\["
negate => true
what => "previous"
}
}
}
output {
stdout {
codec => "rubydebug"
}
}
[root@linux-node1 ~]# /opt/logstash/bin/logstash -f muliline.conf
Settings: Default filter workers: 1
Logstash startup completed
[1
[2
{
"@timestamp" => "2016-01-15T06:46:10.712Z",
"message" => "[1",
"@version" => "1",
"host" => "linux-node1"
}
chuck
chuck-blog.com
123456
[3
{
"@timestamp" => "2016-01-15T06:46:16.306Z",
"message" => "[2\nchuck\nchuck-bloh\nchuck-blog.com\n123456",
"@version" => "1",
"tags" => [
[0] "multiline"
],
"host" => "linux-node1"
繼續將上述實驗結果放到all.conf的es-error索引中
[root@linux-node1 ~]# cat all.conf
input {
file {
path => "/var/log/messages"
type => "system"
start_position => "beginning"
}
file {
path => "/var/log/elasticsearch/chuck-clueser.log"
type => "es-error"
start_position => "beginning"
codec => multiline {
pattern => "^\["
negate => true
what => "previous"
}
}
}
output {
if [type] == "system" {
elasticsearch {
hosts => ["192.168.56.11:9200"]
index => "system-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
}
}
if [type] == "es-error" {
elasticsearch {
hosts => ["192.168.56.11:9200"]
index => "es-error-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
}
}
}
[root@linux-node1 ~]# grep '^[a-Z]' /usr/local/kibana/config/kibana.yml
server.port: 5601 kibana端口
server.host: "0.0.0.0" 對外服務的主機
elasticsearch.url: "http://192.168.56.11:9200" 和elasticsearch練習
kibana.index: ".kibana 在elasticsearch中添加.kibana索引
一個screen,並啓動kibana
[root@linux-node1 ~]# screen
[root@linux-node1 ~]# /usr/local/kibana/bin/kibana
使用crtl +a+d退出screen
使用瀏覽器打開192.168.56.11:5601
在kibana中添加一個es-error索引
能夠看到默認的字段
選擇discover查看
驗證error的muliline插件生效
在這裏使用codec的json插件將日誌的域進行分段,使用key-value的方式,使日誌格式更清晰,易於搜索,還能夠下降cpu的負載
更改nginx的配置文件的日誌格式,使用json
[root@linux-node1 ~]# sed -n '15,33p' /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
log_format json '{ "@timestamp": "$time_local", '
'"@fields": { '
'"remote_addr": "$remote_addr", '
'"remote_user": "$remote_user", '
'"body_bytes_sent": "$body_bytes_sent", '
'"request_time": "$request_time", '
'"status": "$status", '
'"request": "$request", '
'"request_method": "$request_method", '
'"http_referrer": "$http_referer", '
'"body_bytes_sent":"$body_bytes_sent", '
'"http_x_forwarded_for": "$http_x_forwarded_for", '
'"http_user_agent": "$http_user_agent" } }';
# access_log /var/log/nginx/access_json.log main;
access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log json;
啓動nginx
[root@linux-node1 ~]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@linux-node1 ~]# nginx
[root@linux-node1 ~]# netstat -lntup|grep 80
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 43738/nginx: master
tcp6 0 0 :::80 :::* LISTEN 43738/nginx: master
日誌格式顯示以下
使用logstash將nginx訪問日誌收集起來,繼續寫到all.conf中
將nginx-log加入kibana中並顯示
前文中已經使用文件file的形式收集了系統日誌/var/log/messages,可是實際生產環境是須要使用syslog插件直接收集
修改syslog的配置文件,把日誌信息發送到514端口上
[root@linux-node1 ~]# vim /etc/rsyslog.conf
90 *.* @@192.168.56.11:514
將system-syslog放到all.conf中,啓動all.conf
[root@linux-node1 ~]# cat all.conf
input {
syslog {
type => "system-syslog"
host => "192.168.56.11"
port => "514"
}
file {
path => "/var/log/messages"
type => "system"
start_position => "beginning"
}
file {
path => "/var/log/nginx/access_json.log"
codec => json
start_position => "beginning"
type => "nginx-log"
}
file {
path => "/var/log/elasticsearch/chuck-cluster.log"
type => "es-error"
start_position => "beginning"
codec => multiline {
pattern => "^\["
negate => true
what => "previous"
}
}
}
output {
if [type] == "system" {
elasticsearch {
hosts => ["192.168.56.11:9200"]
index => "system-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
}
}
if [type] == "es-error" {
elasticsearch {
hosts => ["192.168.56.11:9200"]
index => "es-error-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
}
}
if [type] == "nginx-log" {
elasticsearch {
hosts => ["192.168.56.11:9200"]
index => "nginx-log-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
}
}
if [type] == "system-syslog" {
elasticsearch {
hosts => ["192.168.56.11:9200"]
index => "system-syslog-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
}
}
}
[root@linux-node1 ~]# /opt/logstash/bin/logstash -f all.conf
在elasticsearch插件中就可見到增長的system-syslog索引
編寫tcp.conf
[root@linux-node1 ~]# cat tcp.conf
input {
tcp {
host => "192.168.56.11"
port => "6666"
}
}
output {
stdout {
codec => "rubydebug"
}
}
使用nc對6666端口寫入數據
[root@linux-node1 ~]# nc 192.168.56.11 6666 </var/log/yum.log
將信息輸入到tcp的僞設備中
[root@linux-node1 ~]# echo "chuck" >/dev/tcp/192.168.56.11/6666
數據源Datasource把數據寫到input插件中,output插件使用消息隊列把消息寫入到消息隊列Message Queue中,Logstash indexing Instance啓動logstash使用input插件讀取消息隊列中的信息,Fliter插件過濾後在使用output寫入到elasticsearch中。
若是生產環境中不適用正則grok匹配,能夠寫Python腳本從消息隊列中讀取信息,輸出到elasticsearch中
修改redis的配置文件並啓動redis
[root@linux-node1 ~]# vim /etc/redis.conf
37 daemonize yes
65 bind 192.168.56.11
[root@linux-node1 ~]# systemctl start redis
[root@linux-node1 ~]# netstat -lntup|grep 6379
tcp 0 0 192.168.56.11:6379 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 45270/redis-server
編寫redis.conf
[root@linux-node1 ~]# cat redis-out.conf
input{
stdin{
}
}
output{
redis{
host => "192.168.56.11"
port => "6379"
db => "6"
data_type => "list" # 數據類型爲list
key => "demo"
}
啓動配置文件輸入信息
[root@linux-node1 ~]# /opt/logstash/bin/logstash -f redis-out.conf
Settings: Default filter workers: 1
Logstash startup completed
chuck
chuck-blog
使用redis-cli鏈接到redis並查看輸入的信息
[root@linux-node1 ~]# redis-cli -h 192.168.56.11
192.168.56.11:6379> info #輸入info查看信息
# Server
redis_version:2.8.19
redis_git_sha1:00000000
redis_git_dirty:0
redis_build_id:c0359e7aa3798aa2
redis_mode:standalone
os:Linux 3.10.0-229.el7.x86_64 x86_64
arch_bits:64
multiplexing_api:epoll
gcc_version:4.8.3
process_id:45270
run_id:83f428b96e87b7354249fe42bd19ee8a8643c94e
tcp_port:6379
uptime_in_seconds:1111
uptime_in_days:0
hz:10
lru_clock:10271973
config_file:/etc/redis.conf
# Clients
connected_clients:2
client_longest_output_list:0
client_biggest_input_buf:0
blocked_clients:0
# Memory
used_memory:832048
used_memory_human:812.55K
used_memory_rss:5193728
used_memory_peak:832048
used_memory_peak_human:812.55K
used_memory_lua:35840
mem_fragmentation_ratio:6.24
mem_allocator:jemalloc-3.6.0
# Persistence
loading:0
rdb_changes_since_last_save:0
rdb_bgsave_in_progress:0
rdb_last_save_time:1453112484
rdb_last_bgsave_status:ok
rdb_last_bgsave_time_sec:0
rdb_current_bgsave_time_sec:-1
aof_enabled:0
aof_rewrite_in_progress:0
aof_rewrite_scheduled:0
aof_last_rewrite_time_sec:-1
aof_current_rewrite_time_sec:-1
aof_last_bgrewrite_status:ok
aof_last_write_status:ok
# Stats
total_connections_received:2
total_commands_processed:2
instantaneous_ops_per_sec:0
total_net_input_bytes:164
total_net_output_bytes:9
instantaneous_input_kbps:0.00
instantaneous_output_kbps:0.00
rejected_connections:0
sync_full:0
sync_partial_ok:0
sync_partial_err:0
expired_keys:0
evicted_keys:0
keyspace_hits:0
keyspace_misses:0
pubsub_channels:0
pubsub_patterns:0
latest_fork_usec:9722
# Replication
role:master
connected_slaves:0
master_repl_offset:0
repl_backlog_active:0
repl_backlog_size:1048576
repl_backlog_first_byte_offset:0
repl_backlog_histlen:0
# CPU
used_cpu_sys:1.95
used_cpu_user:0.40
used_cpu_sys_children:0.00
used_cpu_user_children:0.00
# Keyspace
db6:keys=1,expires=0,avg_ttl=0
192.168.56.11:6379> select 6 #選擇db6
OK
192.168.56.11:6379[6]> keys * #選擇demo這個key
1) "demo"
192.168.56.11:6379[6]> LINDEX demo -2 #查看消息
"{\"message\":\"chuck\",\"@version\":\"1\",\"@timestamp\":\"2016-01-18T10:21:23.583Z\",\"host\":\"linux-node1\"}"
192.168.56.11:6379[6]> LINDEX demo -1 #查看消息
"{\"message\":\"chuck-blog\",\"@version\":\"1\",\"@timestamp\":\"2016-01-18T10:25:54.523Z\",\"host\":\"linux-node1\"}"
爲了下一步寫input插件到把消息發送到elasticsearch中,多在redis中寫入寫數據
[root@linux-node1 ~]# /opt/logstash/bin/logstash -f redis-out.conf
Settings: Default filter workers: 1
Logstash startup completed
chuck
chuck-blog
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
i
j
k
l
m
n
o
p
q
r
s
t
u
v
w
x
y
z
查看redis中名字爲demo的key長度
192.168.56.11:6379[6]> llen demo
(integer) 28
編寫redis-in.conf
[root@linux-node1 ~]# cat redis-in.conf
input{
redis {
host => "192.168.56.11"
port => "6379"
db => "6"
data_type => "list"
key => "demo"
}
}
output{
elasticsearch {
hosts => ["192.168.56.11:9200"]
index => "redis-demo-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
}
}
啓動配置文件
[root@linux-node1 ~]# /opt/logstash/bin/logstash -f redis-in.conf
Settings: Default filter workers: 1
Logstash startup completed
不斷刷新demo這個key的長度(讀取很快,刷新必定要速度)
192.168.56.11:6379[6]> llen demo
(integer) 28
192.168.56.11:6379[6]> llen demo
(integer) 28
192.168.56.11:6379[6]> llen demo
(integer) 19 #能夠看到redis的消息正在寫入到elasticsearch中
192.168.56.11:6379[6]> llen demo
(integer) 7 #能夠看到redis的消息正在寫入到elasticsearch中
192.168.56.11:6379[6]> llen demo
(integer) 0
在elasticsearch中查看增長了redis-demo
編寫shipper.conf做爲redis收集logstash配置文件
[root@linux-node1 ~]# cp all.conf shipper.conf
[root@linux-node1 ~]# vim shipper.conf
input {
syslog {
type => "system-syslog"
host => "192.168.56.11"
port => "514"
}
tcp {
type => "tcp-6666"
host => "192.168.56.11"
port => "6666"
}
file {
path => "/var/log/messages"
type => "system"
start_position => "beginning"
}
file {
path => "/var/log/nginx/access_json.log"
codec => json
start_position => "beginning"
type => "nginx-log"
}
file {
path => "/var/log/elasticsearch/chuck-cluster.log"
type => "es-error"
start_position => "beginning"
codec => multiline {
pattern => "^\["
negate => true
what => "previous"
}
}
}
output {
if [type] == "system" {
redis {
host => "192.168.56.11"
port => "6379"
db => "6"
data_type => "list"
key => "system"
}
}
if [type] == "es-error" {
redis {
host => "192.168.56.11"
port => "6379"
db => "6"
data_type => "list"
key => "es-error"
}
}
if [type] == "nginx-log" {
redis {
host => "192.168.56.11"
port => "6379"
db => "6"
data_type => "list"
key => "nginx-log"
}
}
if [type] == "system-syslog" {
redis {
host => "192.168.56.11"
port => "6379"
db => "6"
data_type => "list"
key => "system-syslog"
}
}
if [type] == "tcp-6666" {
redis {
host => "192.168.56.11"
port => "6379"
db => "6"
data_type => "list"
key => "tcp-6666"
}
}
}
在redis中查看keys
192.168.56.11:6379[6]> select 6
OK
192.168.56.11:6379[6]> keys *
1) "system"
2) "nginx-log"
3) "tcp-6666"
編寫indexer.conf做爲redis發送elasticsearch配置文件
[root@linux-node1 ~]# cat indexer.conf
input {
redis {
type => "system-syslog"
host => "192.168.56.11"
port => "6379"
db => "6"
data_type => "list"
key => "system-syslog"
}
redis {
type => "tcp-6666"
host => "192.168.56.11"
port => "6379"
db => "6"
data_type => "list"
key => "tcp-6666"
}
redis {
type => "system"
host => "192.168.56.11"
port => "6379"
db => "6"
data_type => "list"
key => "system"
}
redis {
type => "nginx-log"
host => "192.168.56.11"
port => "6379"
db => "6"
data_type => "list"
key => "nginx-log"
}
redis {
type => "es-error"
host => "192.168.56.11"
port => "6379"
db => "6"
data_type => "list"
key => "es-error"
}
}
output {
if [type] == "system" {
elasticsearch {
hosts => "192.168.56.11"
index => "system-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
}
}
if [type] == "es-error" {
elasticsearch {
hosts => "192.168.56.11"
index => "es-error-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
}
}
if [type] == "nginx-log" {
elasticsearch {
hosts => "192.168.56.11"
index => "nginx-log-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
}
}
if [type] == "system-syslog" {
elasticsearch {
hosts => "192.168.56.11"
index => "system-syslog-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
}
}
if [type] == "tcp-6666" {
elasticsearch {
hosts => "192.168.56.11"
index => "tcp-6666-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
}
}
}
啓動shipper.conf
[root@linux-node1 ~]# /opt/logstash/bin/logstash -f shipper.conf
Settings: Default filter workers: 1
因爲日誌量小,很快就會所有被髮送到elasticsearch,key也就沒了,因此多寫寫數據到日誌中
[root@linux-node1 ~]# for n in `seq 10000` ;do echo $n >>/var/log/elasticsearch/chuck-cluster.log;done
[root@linux-node1 ~]# for n in `seq 10000` ;do echo $n >>/var/log/nginx/access_json.log;done
[root@linux-node1 ~]# for n in `seq 10000` ;do echo $n >>/var/log/messages;done
查看key的長度看到key在增加
(integer) 2481
192.168.56.11:6379[6]> llen system
(integer) 2613
192.168.56.11:6379[6]> llen system
(integer) 2795
192.168.56.11:6379[6]> llen system
(integer) 2960
啓動indexer.conf
[root@linux-node1 ~]# /opt/logstash/bin/logstash -f indexer.conf
Settings: Default filter workers: 1
Logstash startup completed
查看key的長度看到key在減少
192.168.56.11:6379[6]> llen nginx-log
(integer) 9680
192.168.56.11:6379[6]> llen nginx-log
(integer) 9661
192.168.56.11:6379[6]> llen nginx-log
(integer) 9661
192.168.56.11:6379[6]> llen system
(integer) 9591
192.168.56.11:6379[6]> llen system
(integer) 9572
192.168.56.11:6379[6]> llen system
(integer) 9562
kibana查看nginx-log索引
前文學習了input和output插件,在這裏學習fliter插件
filter插件有不少,在這裏就學習grok插件,使用正則匹配日誌裏的域來拆分。在實際生產中,apache日誌不支持jason,就只能使用grok插件匹配;mysql慢查詢日誌也是沒法拆分,只能石油grok正則表達式匹配拆分。
在以下連接,github上有不少寫好的grok模板,能夠直接引用
https://github.com/logstash-plugins/logstash-patterns-core/blob/master/patterns/grok-patterns
在裝好的logstash中也會有grok匹配規則,直接能夠引用,路徑以下
[root@linux-node1 patterns]# pwd
/opt/logstash/vendor/bundle/jruby/1.9/gems/logstash-patterns-core-2.0.2/patterns
[root@linux-node1 ~]# cat grok.conf
input {
stdin {}
}
filter {
grok {
match => { "message" => "%{IP:client} %{WORD:method} %{URIPATHPARAM:request} %{NUMBER:bytes} %{NUMBER:duration}" }
}
}
output {
stdout {
codec => "rubydebug"
}
}
啓動logstash,並根據官方文檔提供輸入,可獲得拆分結果以下顯示
倒入生產中mysql的slow日誌,示例格式以下:
# Time: 160108 15:46:14
# User@Host: dev_select_user[dev_select_user] @ [192.168.97.86] Id: 714519
# Query_time: 1.638396 Lock_time: 0.000163 Rows_sent: 40 Rows_examined: 939155
SET timestamp=1452239174;
SELECT DATE(create_time) as day,HOUR(create_time) as h,round(avg(low_price),2) as low_price
FROM t_actual_ad_num_log WHERE create_time>='2016-01-07' and ad_num<=10
GROUP BY DATE(create_time),HOUR(create_time);
使用multiline處理,並編寫slow.conf
[root@linux-node1 ~]# cat mysql-slow.conf
input{
file {
path => "/root/slow.log"
type => "mysql-slow-log"
start_position => "beginning"
codec => multiline {
pattern => "^# User@Host:"
negate => true
what => "previous"
}
}
}
filter {
# drop sleep events
grok {
match => { "message" =>"SELECT SLEEP" }
add_tag => [ "sleep_drop" ]
tag_on_failure => [] # prevent default _grokparsefailure tag on real records
}
if "sleep_drop" in [tags] {
drop {}
}
grok {
match => [ "message", "(?m)^# User@Host: %{USER:user}\[[^\]]+\] @ (?:(?<clienthost>\S*) )?\[(?:%{IP:clientip})?\]\s+Id: %{NUMBER:row_id:int}\s*# Query_time: %{NUMBER:query_time:float}\s+Lock_time: %{NUMBER:lock_time:float}\s+Rows_sent: %{NUMBER:rows_sent:int}\s+Rows_examined: %{NUMBER:rows_examined:int}\s*(?:use %{DATA:database};\s*)?SET timestamp=%{NUMBER:timestamp};\s*(?<query>(?<action>\w+)\s+.*)\n#\s*" ]
}
date {
match => [ "timestamp", "UNIX" ]
remove_field => [ "timestamp" ]
}
}
output {
stdout{
codec => "rubydebug"
}
}
執行該配置文件,查看grok正則匹配結果
系統日誌 rsyslog logstash syslog插件 訪問日誌 nginx logstash codec json 錯誤日誌 file logstash file+ mulitline 運行日誌 file logstash codec json 設備日誌 syslog logstash syslog插件 debug日誌 file logstash json or mulitline
1)路徑固定標準化 2)格式儘可能使用json
系統日誌開始->錯誤日誌->運行日誌->訪問日誌