Ansible Commands modules(command shell script)

 

ansible模塊應用語法格式： ansible 主機名稱/主機組名稱/主機地址信息/all   -m(指定應用的模塊信息)   -a(指定動做信息)

 command – Execute commands on targets

command模塊（默認模塊）
[root@linux-node2 ~]# ansible 192.168.0.102 -m command -a hostname
192.168.0.102 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>
linux-node1.localdomain

chdir 切換目錄
[root@linux-node2 ~]# ansible 192.168.0.102 -m command -a "chdir=/tmp touch ansible.txt"
[WARNING]: Consider using file module with state=touch rather than running touch

192.168.0.102 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>

creates 若是指定文件存在，就不執行命令
[root@linux-node2 ~]# ansible 192.168.0.102 -m command -a "creates=/tmp touch ansible.txt"
192.168.0.102 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>
skipped, since /tmp exists  #若是ansible.txt文件已經存在 ，就跳過 不執行

removes 若是文件存在，就執行
[root@linux-node2 ~]# ansible 192.168.0.102 -m command -a "removes=/tmp touch ansible.txt"
[WARNING]: Consider using file module with state=touch rather than running touch

192.168.0.102 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>  #若是 ansible.txt文件不存在，就不執行

 

shell – Execute shell commands on targets

shell模塊（萬能模塊）： 若是要用特殊符號 > < | & ‘ ‘ 則要用shell 模塊, command是不支持管道符之類的

ansible 192.168.0.102 -m shell -a "hostname"
ansible 192.168.0.102 -m shell -a "echo 123 > haha.txt"
ansible 192.168.0.102 -m shell -a "netstat -anptu | grep xxx"

實踐使用 利用shell執行腳本
第一個步驟：編寫一個腳本
第二個步驟：將腳本發送到遠程主機
第三個步驟：將腳本權限進行修改（添加執行權限）
第四個步驟：運行ansible命令執行腳本

一、第一個步驟：編寫一個腳本

eg:執行檢查磁盤腳本

#!/bin/bash
basedir=$(cd `dirname $0`;pwd)
echo $basedir
diskmax=10 # 磁盤的閾值

function check_max(){
   local disk_size=$1
   if [ $disk_size -ge $diskmax ]
   then
      echo "unhealth"
   else
      echo "health"
   fi
}

function check_disk_info(){
#grep -v 取反 # cut -d '%' -f 1 以%爲分隔符選擇第一個 #while read disk_size  循環讀入每行數據 賦值給disk_size
   df -h | grep -v /dev/loop0 | grep -v /dev/sr0 | grep dev | awk 'NR > 1 {print $5}' | cut -d '%' -f 1 | while read disk_size  
   do
        echo ""
        echo "disk_size=$disk_size%"
        check_max $disk_size
   done
}

check_disk_info

 二、第二個步驟：將腳本發送到遠程主機

拷貝腳本以前，先遠程建立好準備拷貝過去的文件目錄 ，其中遠程建立文件目錄有兩種方式，操做以下：

方式一：shell命令方式

gota@gota-linux61:~$ ansible cluster -m shell -a "mkdir -p /work/ansible"
 [WARNING]: Consider using the file module with state=directory rather than running 'mkdir'.  If you need to use command because file is insufficient you can add 'warn: false' to this
command task or set 'command_warnings=False' in ansible.cfg to get rid of thi
s message.
192.168.1.21 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
192.168.1.20 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
192.168.1.63 | CHANGED | rc=0 

 

方式二：file命令執行建立文件夾

gota@gota-linux61:~$ ansible cluster -m file -a "path=/work/file state=directory  mode=0700"
192.168.1.21 | CHANGED => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
    }, 
    "changed": true, 
    "gid": 0, 
    "group": "root", 
    "mode": "0700", 
    "owner": "root", 
    "path": "/work/file", 
    "size": 4096, 
    "state": "directory", 
    "uid": 0
}

 

三、第三個步驟：將腳本權限進行修改（添加執行權限）

批量拷貝shell腳本到各臺服務器

ansible 主機組 -m copy -a "src=拷貝文件路徑 dest=拷貝目前文件路徑 mode=0755

gota@gota-linux61:~$ ansible cluster -m copy -a "src=/home/gota/test.sh dest=/work/ansible mode=0755"
192.168.1.21 | CHANGED => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
    }, 
    "changed": true, 
    "checksum": "dcaa896be5c669bbfcc657cc25452d46962aedb6", 
    "dest": "/work/ansible/test.sh", 
    "gid": 0, 
    "group": "root", 
    "md5sum": "bf53066b75afbc91cd8917d43e10880d", 
    "mode": "0755", 
    "owner": "root", 
    "size": 637, 
    "src": "/root/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1564985837.03-26369088965074/source", 
    "state": "file", 
    "uid": 0

 

 四、第四個步驟：運行ansible命令執行腳本

gota@gota-linux61:~$ ansible cluster -m shell -a "/work/ansible/test.sh"
192.168.1.21 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
/work/ansible

disk_size=10%
unhealth

disk_size=9%
health

disk_size=98%
unhealth

192.168.1.20 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
/work/ansible

disk_size=5%
health

disk_size=1%
health

disk_size=96%
unhealth

 

script – Runs a local script on a remote node after transferring it

script模塊 跟上面相似  執行腳本只要兩步：

1.第一個步驟：編寫一個腳本

2.第二個步驟：運行ansible命令執行腳本

gota@gota-linux61:~$ ansible cluster -m script -a "/home/gota/test.sh"
192.168.1.21 | CHANGED => {
    "changed": true, 
    "rc": 0, 
    "stderr": "Shared connection to 192.168.1.21 closed.\r\n", 
    "stderr_lines": [
        "Shared connection to 192.168.1.21 closed."
    ], 
    "stdout": "/root/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1564988286.84-276931002259842\r\n\r\ndisk_size=10%\r\nunhealth\r\n\r\ndisk_size=9%\r\nhealth\r\n\r\ndisk_size=98%\r\nunhealth\r\n", 
    "stdout_lines": [
        "/root/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1564988286.84-276931002259842", 
        "", 
        "disk_size=10%", 
        "unhealth", 
        "", 
        "disk_size=9%", 
        "health", 
        "", 
        "disk_size=98%", 
        "unhealth"
    ]
}