爲vmware建立的ubuntu虛機增長硬盤

1.關閉虛機，按照vmware的界面嚮導增長一塊硬盤：

2.啓動虛機，後fdisk -l能夠看到/dev/sdb：

root@odl_ubuntu:~# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 20 GiB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x5bfb031a

Device     Boot    Start      End  Sectors  Size Id Type
/dev/sda1  *        2048 39942143 39940096   19G 83 Linux
/dev/sda2       39944190 41940991  1996802  975M  5 Extended
/dev/sda5       39944192 41940991  1996800  975M 82 Linux swap / Solaris

Disk /dev/sdb: 20 GiB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

3.用fdisk格式化並掛載sdb：

依次輸入fdisk /dev/sdb------n------p------回車------回車------回車------w，完成新增磁盤的建立：

root@odl_ubuntu:~# fdisk /dev/sdb

Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.27.1).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.

Device does not contain a recognized partition table.
Created a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x3f116e45.

Command (m for help): n
Partition type
   p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
   e   extended (container for logical partitions)
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 
First sector (2048-41943039, default 2048):
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G,T,P} (2048-41943039, default 41943039):

Created a new partition 1 of type 'Linux' and of size 20 GiB.

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered.
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.

4.格式化這個新分區：

fdisk -l看到/dev/sdb1：

root@odl_ubuntu:~# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 20 GiB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x5bfb031a

Device     Boot    Start      End  Sectors  Size Id Type
/dev/sda1  *        2048 39942143 39940096   19G 83 Linux
/dev/sda2       39944190 41940991  1996802  975M  5 Extended
/dev/sda5       39944192 41940991  1996800  975M 82 Linux swap / Solaris

Disk /dev/sdb: 20 GiB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x3f116e45

Device     Boot Start      End  Sectors Size Id Type
/dev/sdb1        2048 41943039 41940992  20G 83 Linux

用mkfs進行格式化：

root@odl_ubuntu:~# mkfs -t ext4 -c /dev/sdb1
mke2fs 1.42.13 (17-May-2015)
Creating filesystem with 5242624 4k blocks and 1310720 inodes
Filesystem UUID: 93ec8613-a5a5-4743-b304-5f1598492c3f
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
        32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
        4096000

Checking for bad blocks (read-only test): done
Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

5.掛載：

root@odl_ubuntu:~# mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt

而後用df -TH查看：

root@odl_ubuntu:~# df -TH
Filesystem     Type      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev           devtmpfs  1.1G     0  1.1G   0% /dev
tmpfs          tmpfs     208M  6.5M  202M   4% /run
/dev/sda1      ext4       20G   19G  618M  97% /
tmpfs          tmpfs     1.1G  193k  1.1G   1% /dev/shm
tmpfs          tmpfs     5.3M  4.1k  5.3M   1% /run/lock
tmpfs          tmpfs     1.1G     0  1.1G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
tmpfs          tmpfs     208M   25k  208M   1% /run/user/109
tmpfs          tmpfs     208M     0  208M   0% /run/user/0
/dev/sdb1      ext4       22G   47M   20G   1% /mnt

6.自動掛載：

若是想系統啓動時自動掛載，請修改 /etc/fstab，在最後增長：

/dev/sdb1    /mnt    ext4    defaults 1 2