Android Instrumentation自動化測試框架

時間 2019-11-21

標籤 android instrumentation 自動化測試框架欄目 Android 简体版

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Instrumentation 是google開發的Android測試框架（http://developer.android.com/reference/android/test/InstrumentationTestRunner.html）java

主要分爲下列項目：android

AndroidTestCase 主要來測試相關非交互性API，好比數據庫，內容提供者等，其優勢是能夠經過getContext獲取上下文

public class TestAudio extends AndroidTestCase {  
    private AudioManager mAudioManager;  
    private boolean mUseFixedVolume;  
    private final static long TIME_TO_PLAY = 2000;  
    private final static int MP3_TO_PLAY = R.raw.testmp3;  
    
    private Context mContext;
      
    @Override  
    protected void setUp() throws Exception {  
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub  
        super.setUp();  
        
        mContext = getContext();
          
    }  
      
    public void testmp3(){  
        MediaPlayer mp = MediaPlayer.create(mContext, MP3_TO_PLAY);  
        mp.setAudioStreamType(STREAM_MUSIC);  
        mp.setLooping(true);  
        mp.start();  
        try {  
            Thread.sleep(20*1000);  
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {  
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block  
            e.printStackTrace();  
        }  
    }  
}

ActivityInstrumentationTestCase2，SingleLaunchActivityTestCase，ActivityUnitTestCase主要來測試Activity相關API,方便之處是能夠直接獲取Activity

public class AdminMainTest extends ActivityInstrumentationTestCase2<MainActivity> {
     
    private MainActivity mActivity;
    private Instrumentation mInstrumentation;
    private Button login;
    private EditText account;
    private EditText password;
    private RadioGroup radioGroup;
    //private RadioButton button;
    private RadioButton button1;
    private RadioButton button2;
    private RadioButton button3;
    private RadioButton button4;
     
    private Context mContext;
    private View buttonView;
     
    public AdminMainTest(){
        super(MainActivity.class); //目標Activity
    }
    @Before
    protected void setUp() throws Exception {
        super.setUp();
        setActivityInitialTouchMode(false);
        mInstrumentation=getInstrumentation();
        mContext=mInstrumentation.getContext();
        mActivity=getActivity();
        login=(Button) mActivity.findViewById(com.example.example.R.id.landed);
        account=(EditText) mActivity.findViewById(com.example.example.R.id.landed_account);
        password=(EditText) mActivity.findViewById(com.example.example.R.id.landed_password);
        radioGroup = (RadioGroup) mActivity.findViewById(R.id.landed_user_type);        
        button1=(RadioButton) mActivity.findViewById(R.id.landed_user_type_admin);
        button2=(RadioButton) mActivity.findViewById(R.id.landed_user_type_publisher);
        button3=(RadioButton)mActivity.findViewById(R.id.landed_user_type_common);
        button4=(RadioButton)mActivity.findViewById(R.id.landed_user_type_visitor);
    }
 
    @After
    protected void tearDown() throws Exception {
        mActivity.finish();
        super.tearDown();
    }
     
    public void testPreConditions(){
        assertNotNull(mActivity);
        assertNotNull(login);
        assertNotNull(account);
        assertNotNull(password);
        assertNotNull(radioGroup);
        assertNotNull(button1);
        assertNotNull(button2);
        assertNotNull(button3);
        assertNotNull(button4);
    }
 
    public void input() {
 
         
        mActivity.runOnUiThread(new Runnable(){
 
            @Override
            public void run() {
                // TODO Auto-generated method stub
                SystemClock.sleep(1500);
                account.requestFocus();
                SystemClock.sleep(1500);
                account.performClick();
                //SystemClock.sleep(3000);
            }
        });
        mInstrumentation.waitForIdleSync();
         
        sendKeys(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_S,KeyEvent.KEYCODE_O,
                KeyEvent.KEYCODE_N,KeyEvent.KEYCODE_G);
         
        mActivity.runOnUiThread(new Runnable(){
 
            @Override
            public void run() {
                // TODO Auto-generated method stub
                SystemClock.sleep(1500);
                password.requestFocus();
                SystemClock.sleep(1500);
                password.performClick();
            }
        });
        mInstrumentation.waitForIdleSync();
         
        sendKeys(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_S,KeyEvent.KEYCODE_O,
                KeyEvent.KEYCODE_N,KeyEvent.KEYCODE_G);
         
        mInstrumentation.waitForIdleSync();
    }
     
 
    public void testFirstRadioButton(){
        assertTrue("The Admin button is checked",button1.isChecked());
        //assertEquals("商品發佈者",button.getText().toString());
        assertEquals(R.id.landed_user_type_admin,radioGroup.getCheckedRadioButtonId());
    }
     
    public void testSecondRadioButton(){
        //assertTrue("The Publisher button is checked",button2.isChecked());
        //assertEquals(R.id.landed_user_type_publisher,radioGroup.getCheckedRadioButtonId());
        assertEquals("商品發佈者",button2.getText().toString());
         
    }
 
    public void testThirdRadioButton()
    {
        //assertTrue("The common user is checked",button3.isChecked());
        //assertEquals(R.id.landed_user_type_common,radioGroup.getCheckedRadioButtonId());
        assertEquals("普通用戶",button3.getText().toString());
    }   
     
    public void testFourthRadioButton()
    {
        //assertTrue("The guest is checked",button4.isChecked());
        //assertEquals(R.id.landed_user_type_visitor,radioGroup.getCheckedRadioButtonId());
        assertEquals("訪客",button4.getText().toString());
    }
     
    public void testButton2Selection(){
        testFirstRadioButton();
        TouchUtils.clickView(this, button2);
    //  assertFalse("The admin radio button should not be checked",button1.isChecked());
        assertTrue("The publisher radio button should be checked",button2.isChecked());
        assertEquals("The publisher button should be checked",R.id.landed_user_type_publisher,
                radioGroup.getCheckedRadioButtonId());
    }
     
    public void testButton3Selection(){
        testFirstRadioButton();
        TouchUtils.clickView(this, button3);
        assertTrue("The common user is checked",button3.isChecked());
        assertEquals(R.id.landed_user_type_common,radioGroup.getCheckedRadioButtonId());
    }
     
    public void testButton4Selection(){
        testFirstRadioButton();
        TouchUtils.clickView(this, button4);
        assertTrue("The guest is checked",button4.isChecked());
        assertEquals(R.id.landed_user_type_visitor,radioGroup.getCheckedRadioButtonId());
         
    }
     
/** 
    public void testRadioButtonChange(){
        testFirstRadioButton();
        TouchUtils.clickView(this, button);
        assertFalse("The admin radio button should not be checked",button1.isChecked());
        assertTrue("The publisher button should be checked",button.isChecked());
        assertEquals("The publisher button should be checked",R.id.landed_user_type_publisher,
                radioGroup.getCheckedRadioButtonId());
    }
**/
    public void testInput(){
        input();
        assertEquals("song",account.getText().toString());
        assertEquals("song",password.getText().toString());
    }
 
    @Test
    public void testLogin(){
        input();
        //testRadioButtonChange();
        mInstrumentation.runOnMainSync(new Runnable(){
 
            @Override
            public void run() {
                // TODO Auto-generated method stub
                SystemClock.sleep(1500);
                login.requestFocus();
                SystemClock.sleep(1500);
                login.performClick();
            }
             
        });
    }
     
 
}

ServiceTestCase專門用來測試Service服務

public class MyServiceTest extends ServiceTestCase<MyService> {

    private String TAG="myservicetest";
    private Context mContext;
    /**
     * 構造方法
     */
    public MyServiceTest() {
        super(MyService.class);

    }

    /**
     * 重寫setUp方法，第一句調用super.setUp
     */
    protected void setUp() throws Exception {
        super.setUp();
        mContext = getContext();

    }

  // public void testAndroidTestCaseSetupProperly() {
  // super.testAndroidTestCaseSetupProperly();
 // }

    protected void tearDown() throws Exception {
        mContext = null;
        super.tearDown();
    }

    /**
     * 測試Service正確地啓動
     */
    public void testStart() {
        Log.i(TAG, "start testStart");
            Intent intent = new Intent();
            startService(intent);
            MyService Serv=getService();
            assertNotNull(Serv);
        Log.i(TAG, "end testStart");
        }
    }


    /**
     * 測試Service正確的終止
     */
    public void teststop() {
        Log.i(TAG, "start teststopService");
            Intent intent = new Intent();
            startService(intent);
            MyService service = getService();
            service.stopService(intent);     
    }
}

InstrumentationTestCase 相對於Activity，Service等測試，相對而言，比較靈活，其餘測試不少都是繼承自這個

public class TestHelloActiviry extends InstrumentationTestCase {  
      
    final String TAG = "TestHelloAppTestHelloApp";   
      
    Button mHelloTestButton;  
    EditText mHelloEditText;  
    HelloActivity mHelloTestActivity;  
    Instrumentation mInstrumentation;  
      
    public void testHelloActivity() {  
        Log.i(TAG, "call testHelloActivity()");  
        mHelloTestButton = (Button)mHelloTestActivity.findViewById(R.id.Button1);  
        mHelloEditText = (EditText)mHelloTestActivity.findViewById(R.id.EditText1);  
        for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {  
            //設置事件在主線程中執行  
            mInstrumentation.runOnMainSync(new Click(mHelloTestButton,mHelloEditText,Integer.toString(i)));  
            SystemClock.sleep(3000);  
        }  
          
    }  
      
    public void testHelloActivity2() {  
          
    }  
      
    private class Click implements Runnable{  
        Button button;  
        EditText editText;  
        String str;  
        Click(Button b,EditText e,String s){  
            button = b;  
            editText = e;  
            str = s;  
        }  
        @Override  
        public void run() {  
            editText.setText(str);    
            button.performClick();  
              
        }  
    }  
      
    //負責testcase開始前的初始化工做  
    @Override  
    protected void setUp() throws Exception {  
        super.setUp();  
        Log.i(TAG, "call setUp()");  
        mInstrumentation = getInstrumentation();  
        Intent intent = new Intent();  
        intent.setClassName("com.example.hello", "com.example.hello.HelloActivity");  
        intent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);  
        //經過intent觸發activity  
        mHelloTestActivity = (HelloActivity)mInstrumentation.startActivitySync(intent);  
    }  
  
  
    @Override  
    protected void tearDown() throws Exception {  
        super.tearDown();  
          
        Log.i(TAG, "tearDown()");  
    }  
      
      
}

參考

Android自動化測試初探（二）: Hierarchyviewer 捕獲Element的實現原理