Linux軟件包的安裝和卸載--2

時間 2019-12-06

原文原文鏈接

yum更換國內源

[root@lynn-03 ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@lynn-03 yum.repos.d]# ls
CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Debuginfo.repo CentOS-Media.repo CentOS-Vault.repo
CentOS-CR.repo CentOS-fasttrack.repo CentOS-Sources.repo
[root@lynn-03 yum.repos.d]# cp CentOS-Base.repo / 【刪除系統自帶源配置文件】
[root@lynn-03 yum.repos.d]# rm -f CentOS-Base.repo
[root@lynn-03 yum.repos.d]# ls
CentOS-CR.repo CentOS-fasttrack.repo CentOS-Sources.repo
CentOS-Debuginfo.repo CentOS-Media.repo CentOS-Vault.repo
[root@lynn-03 yum.repos.d]# wget http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base-163.repo
-bash: wget: 未找到命令
[root@lynn-03 yum.repos.d]# curl -O http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base-163.repo【下載網易源文件】
% Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current
Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed
100 1572 100 1572 0 0 6602 0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 6632
[root@lynn-03 yum.repos.d]# ls
CentOS7-Base-163.repo CentOS-fasttrack.repo CentOS-Vault.repo
CentOS-CR.repo CentOS-Media.repo
CentOS-Debuginfo.repo CentOS-Sources.repo
[root@lynn-03 yum.repos.d]# vim CentOS7-Base-163.repo
[root@lynn-03 yum.repos.d]# tree
-bash: tree: 未找到命令
[root@lynn-03 yum.repos.d]# yum install -y tree
已加載插件：fastestmirror
base | 3.6 kB 00:00
extras | 3.4 kB 00:00
updates | 3.4 kB 00:00
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
正在解決依賴關係
--> 正在檢查事務
---> 軟件包 tree.x86_64.0.1.6.0-10.el7 將被安裝
--> 解決依賴關係完成linux

依賴關係解決apache

================================================================================
Package 架構版本源大小
================================================================================
正在安裝:
tree x86_64 1.6.0-10.el7 base 46 kvim

事務概要
================================================================================
安裝 1 軟件包bash

總下載量：46 k
安裝大小：87 k
Downloading packages:
tree-1.6.0-10.el7.x86_64.rpm | 46 kB 00:00
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
正在安裝 : tree-1.6.0-10.el7.x86_64 1/1
驗證中 : tree-1.6.0-10.el7.x86_64 1/1架構

已安裝:
tree.x86_64 0:1.6.0-10.el7curl

完畢！
[root@lynn-03 yum.repos.d]# which tree
/usr/bin/treeui

yum下載rpm包

安裝擴展源

[root@lynn-03 yum.repos.d]# ls
CentOS7-Base-163.repo CentOS-fasttrack.repo CentOS-Vault.repo
CentOS-CR.repo CentOS-Media.repo
CentOS-Debuginfo.repo CentOS-Sources.repo
[root@lynn-03 yum.repos.d]# yum install -y epel-release 【安裝擴展源】
已加載插件：fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
正在解決依賴關係
--> 正在檢查事務
---> 軟件包 epel-release.noarch.0.7-9 將被安裝
--> 解決依賴關係完成url

依賴關係解決spa

================================================================================
Package 架構版本源大小
================================================================================
正在安裝:
epel-release noarch 7-9 extras 14 k.net

事務概要
================================================================================
安裝 1 軟件包

總下載量：14 k
安裝大小：24 k
Downloading packages:
epel-release-7-9.noarch.rpm | 14 kB 00:00
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
正在安裝 : epel-release-7-9.noarch 1/1
驗證中 : epel-release-7-9.noarch 1/1

已安裝:
epel-release.noarch 0:7-9

完畢！
[root@lynn-03 yum.repos.d]# ls
CentOS7-Base-163.repo CentOS-fasttrack.repo CentOS-Vault.repo
CentOS-CR.repo CentOS-Media.repo epel.repo
CentOS-Debuginfo.repo CentOS-Sources.repo epel-testing.repo

下載rpm包

[root@lynn-03 yum.repos.d]# yum install -y zsh --downloadonly 【下載rpm包這個包沒被安裝過】
已加載插件：fastestmirror
epel/x86_64/metalink | 7.7 kB 00:00
epel | 4.7 kB 00:00
(1/3): epel/x86_64/updateinfo | 866 kB 00:00
(2/3): epel/x86_64/group_gz | 266 kB 00:00
(3/3): epel/x86_64/primary_db | 6.2 MB 00:16
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* epel: mirrors.tongji.edu.cn
正在解決依賴關係
--> 正在檢查事務
---> 軟件包 zsh.x86_64.0.5.0.2-28.el7 將被安裝
--> 解決依賴關係完成

依賴關係解決

================================================================================
Package 架構版本源大小
================================================================================
正在安裝:
zsh x86_64 5.0.2-28.el7 base 2.4 M

事務概要
================================================================================
安裝 1 軟件包

總下載量：2.4 M
安裝大小：5.6 M
Background downloading packages, then exiting:
zsh-5.0.2-28.el7.x86_64.rpm | 2.4 MB 00:02
exiting because "Download Only" specified
[root@lynn-03 yum.repos.d]# rpm -qa zsh
[root@lynn-03 yum.repos.d]# rpm -q zsh
未安裝軟件包 zsh
[root@lynn-03 yum.repos.d]# ls /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/updates/packges
ls: 沒法訪問/var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/updates/packges: 沒有那個文件或目錄
[root@lynn-03 yum.repos.d]# ls /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/updates/packages
[root@lynn-03 yum.repos.d]# ls /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/updates/packages/
[root@lynn-03 yum.repos.d]# ls /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/base/packages/
zsh-5.0.2-28.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@lynn-03 yum.repos.d]# yum install -y zsh --downloadonly --downloaddir=/tmp/ 【指定包下載到哪一個目錄】
已加載插件：fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* epel: ftp.cuhk.edu.hk
正在解決依賴關係
--> 正在檢查事務
---> 軟件包 zsh.x86_64.0.5.0.2-28.el7 將被安裝
--> 解決依賴關係完成

依賴關係解決

================================================================================
Package 架構版本源大小
================================================================================
正在安裝:
zsh x86_64 5.0.2-28.el7 base 2.4 M

事務概要
================================================================================
安裝 1 軟件包

總下載量：2.4 M
安裝大小：5.6 M
Background downloading packages, then exiting:
exiting because "Download Only" specified
[root@lynn-03 yum.repos.d]# ls /tmp/
systemd-private-ad13f962a9a943b2bd47f2caadfa1a9b-chronyd.service-Ubdpl0
systemd-private-ad13f962a9a943b2bd47f2caadfa1a9b-vgauthd.service-j9eETN
systemd-private-ad13f962a9a943b2bd47f2caadfa1a9b-vmtoolsd.service-DNIa7T
yum_save_tx.2018-01-09.21-23.4zLJue.yumtx
yum_save_tx.2018-01-09.21-28.Do0eMp.yumtx
zsh-5.0.2-28.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@lynn-03 yum.repos.d]# yum install -y vim --downloadonly --downloaddir=/tmp/
已加載插件：fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* epel: mirrors.ustc.edu.cn
軟件包 2:vim-enhanced-7.4.160-2.el7.x86_64 已安裝而且是最新版本
無須任何處理
[root@lynn-03 yum.repos.d]# ls /tmp/
systemd-private-ad13f962a9a943b2bd47f2caadfa1a9b-chronyd.service-Ubdpl0
systemd-private-ad13f962a9a943b2bd47f2caadfa1a9b-vgauthd.service-j9eETN
systemd-private-ad13f962a9a943b2bd47f2caadfa1a9b-vmtoolsd.service-DNIa7T
yum_save_tx.2018-01-09.21-23.4zLJue.yumtx
yum_save_tx.2018-01-09.21-28.Do0eMp.yumtx
zsh-5.0.2-28.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@lynn-03 yum.repos.d]# yum reinstall -y vim --downloadonly --downloaddir=/tmp/ 【下載已經安裝過的包】
已加載插件：fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* epel: mirror.pregi.net
正在解決依賴關係
--> 正在檢查事務
---> 軟件包 vim-enhanced.x86_64.2.7.4.160-2.el7 將被已從新安裝
--> 解決依賴關係完成

依賴關係解決

================================================================================
Package 架構版本源大小
================================================================================
從新安裝:
vim-enhanced x86_64 2:7.4.160-2.el7 base 1.0 M

事務概要
================================================================================
從新安裝 1 軟件包

總下載量：1.0 M
安裝大小：2.2 M
Background downloading packages, then exiting:
vim-enhanced-7.4.160-2.el7.x86_64.rpm | 1.0 MB 00:00
exiting because "Download Only" specified
[root@lynn-03 yum.repos.d]# ls /tmp/
systemd-private-ad13f962a9a943b2bd47f2caadfa1a9b-chronyd.service-Ubdpl0
systemd-private-ad13f962a9a943b2bd47f2caadfa1a9b-vgauthd.service-j9eETN
systemd-private-ad13f962a9a943b2bd47f2caadfa1a9b-vmtoolsd.service-DNIa7T
vim-enhanced-7.4.160-2.el7.x86_64.rpm
yum_save_tx.2018-01-09.21-23.4zLJue.yumtx
yum_save_tx.2018-01-09.21-28.Do0eMp.yumtx
yum_save_tx.2018-01-09.21-29.Os7gzN.yumtx
zsh-5.0.2-28.el7.x86_64.rpm

源碼包安裝

下載http壓縮包

[root@lynn-03 src]# wget http://mirrors.cnnic.cn/apache/httpd/httpd-2.2.32.tar.gz

[root@lynn-03 src]# ls
httpd-2.2.34 httpd-2.2.34.tar.gz
[root@lynn-03 src]# cd httpd-2.2.34
[root@lynn-03 httpd-2.2.34]# ls
ABOUT_APACHE config.layout httpd.spec LICENSE README.platforms
acinclude.m4 configure include Makefile.in README-win32.txt
Apache.dsw configure.in INSTALL Makefile.win ROADMAP
build docs InstallBin.dsp modules server
BuildAll.dsp emacs-style LAYOUT NOTICE srclib
BuildBin.dsp httpd.dep libhttpd.dep NWGNUmakefile support
buildconf httpd.dsp libhttpd.dsp os test
CHANGES httpd.mak libhttpd.mak README VERSIONING

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache2

[root@lynn-03 httpd-2.2.34]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache2
checking for chosen layout... Apache
checking for working mkdir -p... yes
checking build system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
checking host system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
checking target system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu

Configuring Apache Portable Runtime library ...

checking for APR... reconfig
configuring package in srclib/apr now
checking build system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
checking host system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
checking target system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
Configuring APR library
Platform: x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
checking for working mkdir -p... yes
APR Version: 1.5.2
checking for chosen layout... apr
checking for gcc... no 【報錯沒有gcc 少什麼裝什麼】
checking for cc... no
checking for cl.exe... no
configure: error: in `/usr/local/src/httpd-2.2.34/srclib/apr':
configure: error: no acceptable C compiler found in $PATH
See `config.log' for more details
configure failed for srclib/apr
[root@lynn-03 httpd-2.2.34]# echo $?
1

安裝gcc

[root@lynn-03 httpd-2.2.34]# yum install -y gcc
已加載插件：fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* epel: mirrors.tongji.edu.cn

。。。。。

。。。。。

做爲依賴被升級:
glibc.x86_64 0:2.17-196.el7_4.2 glibc-common.x86_64 0:2.17-196.el7_4.2
libgcc.x86_64 0:4.8.5-16.el7_4.1 libgomp.x86_64 0:4.8.5-16.el7_4.1

完畢！

繼續 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache2