Pipenv is a tool that aims to bring the best of all packaging worlds (bundler, composer, npm, cargo, yarn, etc.) to the Python world. Windows is a first-class citizen, in our world.python
pipenv 是Kenneth Reitz大神的做品,可以有效管理Python多個環境,各類包。過去咱們通常用virtualenv搭建虛擬環境,管理python版本,可是跨平臺的使用不太一致,且有時候處理包之間的依賴總存在問題;過去也經常用 pip進行包的管理,pip已經足夠好,可是仍然推薦pipenv,至關於virtualenv和pip的合體,且更增強大。shell
pip install pipenv
$ pipenv Usage: pipenv [OPTIONS] COMMAND [ARGS]... Options: # 輸出項目目錄 --where Output project home information. # 顯示虛擬環境目錄 --venv Output virtualenv information. # python可執行命令路徑 --py Output Python interpreter information. # pipenv環境變量 --envs Output Environment Variable options. # 刪除 --rm Remove the virtualenv. --bare Minimal output. --completion Output completion (to be eval'd). --man Display manpage. # 建立虛擬環境 --three / --two Use Python 3/2 when creating virtualenv. --python TEXT Specify which version of Python virtualenv should use. --site-packages Enable site-packages for the virtualenv. --version Show the version and exit. -h, --help Show this message and exit. Usage Examples: Create a new project using Python 3.7, specifically: # 用 python3.7 建立一個project $ pipenv --python 3.7 # 刪除 project Remove project virtualenv (inferred from current directory): $ pipenv --rm # 根據 Pipfile 初始化環境(包括 dev 環境) Install all dependencies for a project (including dev): $ pipenv install --dev # Create a lockfile containing pre-releases: $ pipenv lock --pre # 查看已安裝的包的依賴關係 Show a graph of your installed dependencies: $ pipenv graph # 檢查已安裝的依賴項是否存在安全漏洞 Check your installed dependencies for security vulnerabilities: $ pipenv check # 使用本地setup.py在虛擬環境/Pipfile安裝一個軟件 Install a local setup.py into your virtual environment/Pipfile: $ pipenv install -e . # 使用低級別的pip命令 Use a lower-level pip command: $ pipenv run pip freeze Commands: check Checks for security vulnerabilities and against PEP 508 markers provided in Pipfile. clean Uninstalls all packages not specified in Pipfile.lock. graph Displays currently–installed dependency graph information. install Installs provided packages and adds them to Pipfile, or (if no packages are given), installs all packages from Pipfile. lock Generates Pipfile.lock. open View a given module in your editor. run Spawns a command installed into the virtualenv. shell Spawns a shell within the virtualenv. sync Installs all packages specified in Pipfile.lock. uninstall Un-installs a provided package and removes it from Pipfile.
Locate the project:npm
$ pipenv --where /Users/kennethreitz/Library/Mobile Documents/com~apple~CloudDocs/repos/kr/pipenv/test
Locate the virtualenv:json
$ pipenv --venv /Users/kennethreitz/.local/share/virtualenvs/test-Skyy4vre
Locate the Python interpreter:windows
$ pipenv --py /Users/kennethreitz/.local/share/virtualenvs/test-Skyy4vre/bin/python
Install packages:安全
$ pipenv install Creating a virtualenv for this project... ... No package provided, installing all dependencies. Virtualenv location: /Users/kennethreitz/.local/share/virtualenvs/test-EJkjoYts Installing dependencies from Pipfile.lock... ... To activate this project's virtualenv, run the following: $ pipenv shell
在Pipfile中增長bash
[[source]] name = "pypi" url = "https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple/" verify_ssl = tru
若是在開發環境已經完成開發,如何構建生產環境呢?這時候就要使用Pipfile.lock了,運行如下命令,把當前環境的模塊lock住, 它會更新Pipfile.lock文件,該文件是用於生產環境的,你永遠不該該編輯它。app
$ pipenv lock
而後只須要把代碼和Pipfile和Pipfile.lock放到生產環境,運行下面的代碼,就能夠建立和開發環境同樣的環境,Pipfile.lock裏記錄了全部包和子依賴包的確切版本,所以是肯定構建:composer
$ pipenv install
若是要在另外一個開發環境作開發,則將代碼和Pipfile複製過去,運行如下命令:ide
安裝包括 dev 開發中的包
$ pipenv install --dev
cat Pipfile [[source]] name = "pypi" url = "https://pypi.org/simple" verify_ssl = true [dev-packages] [packages] requests = "*" jinja2 = "*" tobe = "*" [requires] python_version = "2.7" [scripts] start = 'python main.py' list = 'pip list'
pipenv run start
獲取當前虛擬環境的位置
pipenv --venv
編輯 user 的setting.json
{ // Necessary for pipenv "python.pythonPath": "/Users/yangyanan/.local/share/virtualenvs/daily_report-lBui7cTH/bin/python", // For unsolved-import "python.jediEnabled": true, // Limit for Editor windows "workbench.editor.limit.value": 5 }