centos7安裝kvm及vnc服務

● KVM部分

#Centos7-1708

#更新系統
yum update -y
yum install ntpdate -y
ntpdate time5.aliyun.com && hwclock -w
#安裝軟件
yum install kvm libvirt python-virtinst qemu-kvm virt-viewer
tunctl bridge-utils avahi dmidecode qemu-kvm-tools lrzsz
virt-manager qemu-img virt-install net-tools libguestfs-tools -y

#設置內核
\cp /etc/sysctl.conf /etc/sysctl.conf.bak
cat>>/etc/sysctl.conf<<EOF
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
EOF
#關閉selinux

#備份實體網卡
cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/
\cp ifcfg-p4p1 ifcfg-p4p1.bak
cat>>ifcfg-p4p1<<EOF
BRIDGE=br0
EOF

cat>ifcfg-br0<<EOF
DEVICE=br0
TYPE=Bridge
BOOTRPOTO=static
IPADDR=172.21.93.199
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=172.21.93.254
ONBOOT=yes
DNS1=119.29.29.29
STP=yes
EOF

#啓動服務，開機自啓動
systemctl start libvirtd
systemctl enable libvirtd

#重啓系統,開啓防火牆端口

#建立KVM虛擬機硬盤存放目錄
mkdir /opt/kvm/hardisk -p
qemu-img create -f qcow2 /opt/kvm/hardisk/disk.img 20G

#建立虛擬機
virt-install \
--name vm1 \
--ram 1024 \
--vcpus=2 \
--disk path=/opt/kvm/hardisk/disk.img,size=20,format=qcow2,bus=ide \
--accelerate --cdrom /opt/download/xp3.iso \
--graphics vnc,listen=0.0.0.0,port=5924, \
--network bridge=br0,model=virtio \
--force \
--autostart \
--noautoconsole

#查看虛擬機
virsh -c qemu:///system list
#重啓虛擬機
virsh reboot vm1
#關閉虛擬機
virsh destroy vm1
#刪除虛擬機,須要先關機
virsh undefine vm1
#虛擬機存放目錄
cd /etc/libvirt/qemu

#安裝虛擬機網卡地址
https://fedorapeople.org/groups/virt/virtio-win/deprecated-isos/stable

#進入虛擬機存放目錄，編輯虛擬機的配置文件,增長以下:
<disk type='file' device='disk'>
<driver name='qemu' type='qcow2'/>
<source file='/opt/download/virtio-win-0.1-81.iso'/>
<target dev='hdc' bus='ide'/>
<address type='drive' controller='0' bus='0' target='0' unit='0'/>
</disk>

#重啓服務

● VNC部分

yum install tigervnc-server -y

cp /lib/systemd/system/vncserver@.service /etc/systemd/system/vncserver@:1.service

cat>/etc/systemd/system/vncserver@:1.service<<"EOF"
[Unit]
Description=Remote desktop service (VNC)
After=syslog.target network.target

[Service]
Type=simple
User=<USER>

ExecStartPre=-/usr/bin/vncserver -kill %i
ExecStop=-/usr/bin/vncserver -kill %i
ExecStart=/sbin/runuser -l root -c "/usr/bin/vncserver %i"
PIDFile=/root/.vnc/%H%i.pid
#ExecStart=/sbin/runuser -l users -c "/usr/bin/vncserver %i"
#PIDFile=/home/users/.vnc/%H%i.pid

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

#重啓 systemd
systemctl daemon-reload

#設置密碼
vncpasswd

#啓動VNCsystemctl enable vncserver@:1.servicesystemctl start vncserver@:1.service#防火牆開啓VNC服務firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service vnc-serverfirewall-cmd --reload