經過System.Net.Mail.SmtpClient
使用SSL/TLS協議發送郵件失敗並報錯
System.Net.Mail.SmtpException: Failure sending mailhtml
詳細報錯信息:git
System.Net.Mail.SmtpException: Failure sending mail. ---> System.IO.IOException: Unable to read data from the transport connection: The connection was closed. at System.Net.Mail.SmtpReplyReaderFactory.ProcessRead(Byte[] buffer, Int32 offset, Int32 read, Boolean readLine) at System.Net.Mail.SmtpReplyReaderFactory.ReadLines(SmtpReplyReader caller, Boolean oneLine) at System.Net.Mail.SmtpReplyReaderFactory.ReadLine(SmtpReplyReader caller) at System.Net.Mail.SmtpConnection.GetConnection(String host, Int32 port) at System.Net.Mail.SmtpTransport.GetConnection(String host, Int32 port) at System.Net.Mail.SmtpClient.GetConnection() at System.Net.Mail.SmtpClient.Send(MailMessage message) --- End of inner exception stack trace --- at System.Net.Mail.SmtpClient.Send(MailMessage message)
這個問題跟SSL/TLS的協議版本有關係,SSL演化到3.0以後仍是不夠安全,所以又出現了SSL的升級版TLS協議,因爲創建鏈接時的區別又分別被稱爲顯示SSL和隱式SSL。SSL/TLS協議一般是結對出現SSL/TLS,不過你們仍是喜歡簡稱爲SSL。github
目前最新版本是TLS 1.3,其餘可用版本是TLS 1.2和TLS 1.1,其中TLS1.1計劃於2020年棄用
因此,目前主流的郵箱服務商加密協議使用的都是TLS。
可是System.Net.Mail.SmtpClient
不支持較新的TLS協議,具體的TLS協議版本支持狀況MSDN上並未找到相關說明web
截止到2020年3月受影響的框架版本:api
目前微軟MSDN已經將System.Net.Mail.SmtpClient
標記爲已過時(obsolete),但源碼中並未標記,也並未給出替代實現。安全
System.Web.Mail.SmtpMail
雖然已被標記爲已過時,可是畢竟他支持新的SSL/TLS協議。bash
不過,須要注意的是,System.Web.Mail.SmtpMail
,只適用於 .NET Framework(>=2.0)服務器
示例代碼:框架
using System.Web.Mail; using System; namespace Ken.IO.Util { class Program { public static void Main (string[] args) { MailMessage mmsg = new MailMessage(); mmsg.Subject = "郵件測試主題ken.io"; mmsg.BodyFormat = MailFormat.Html; mmsg.Body = "郵件測試正文ken.io"; mmsg.BodyEncoding = Encoding.UTF8; //優先級 mmsg.Priority = MailPriority.High; //發件者郵箱地址 mmsg.From = "xxx@qq.com"; //收件人收箱地址 mmsg.To = "xxx@163.com"; mmsg.Fields.Add("http://schemas.microsoft.com/cdo/configuration/smtpauthenticate", "1"); //用戶名 mmsg.Fields.Add("http://schemas.microsoft.com/cdo/configuration/sendusername", mmsg.From); //密碼 mmsg.Fields.Add("http://schemas.microsoft.com/cdo/configuration/sendpassword", "password"); //端口 mmsg.Fields.Add("http://schemas.microsoft.com/cdo/configuration/smtpserverport", 465); //使用SSL mmsg.Fields.Add("http://schemas.microsoft.com/cdo/configuration/smtpusessl", "true"); //Smtp服務器 SmtpMail.SmtpServer = "smtp.qq.com"; SmtpMail.Send(mmsg); } } }
MailKit是一個開源的基於MimeKit的跨平臺郵件收發類庫,支持IMAP、POP三、SMTP。其中SmtpClient也支持TLS協議.測試
能夠很好的支持 .NET Core以及 .NET Framework框架的郵件發送
安裝Nuget Package
#.NET Core dotnet add package MailKit --version 2.5.1 #.NET Framework Install-Package MailKit -Version 2.5.1
示例代碼:
using System; using MailKit.Net.Smtp; using MailKit; using MimeKit; namespace Ken.IO.Util { class Program { public static void Main (string[] args) { var message = new MimeMessage (); message.From.Add (new MailboxAddress ("test", "xxx@qq.com")); message.To.Add (new MailboxAddress ("test", "xxx@163.com")); message.Subject = "郵件測試"; //html or plain var bodyBuilder = new BodyBuilder (); bodyBuilder.HtmlBody = "<b>郵件測試html正文ken.io</b>"; bodyBuilder.TextBody = "郵件測試文本正文ken.io"; message.Body = bodyBuilder.ToMessageBody(); using (var client = new SmtpClient ()) { client.ServerCertificateValidationCallback = (s,c,h,e) => true; //smtp服務器,端口,是否開啓ssl client.Connect ("smtp.qq.com", 465, true); client.Authenticate ("xxx@qq.com", "password"); client.Send (message); client.Disconnect (true); } } } }