使用TOKEN受權訪問api-server在k8s運維場景中比較常見,bootstrap
apiserver有三種級別的客戶端認證方式api
1,HTTPS證書認證:基於CA根證書籤名的雙向數字證書認證方式app
2,HTTP Token認證:經過一個Token來識別合法用戶運維
3,HTTP Base認證:經過用戶名+密碼的認證方式curl
一般的運維場景使用第二種Token較爲方便Token的權限是關聯service account,ui
# kubectl describe secrets admin-token-2q28f -n kube-system Name: admin-token-2q28f Namespace: kube-system Labels: <none> Annotations: kubernetes.io/service-account.name: admin kubernetes.io/service-account.uid: 93316ffa-7545-11e9-b617-00163e06992d Type: kubernetes.io/service-account-token Data ==== ca.crt: 1419 bytes namespace: 11 bytes token: eyJhbGciOiJ******
Service Account 的權限來自Clusterrolebinding-->ClusterRoleurl
# kubectl describe serviceaccount admin -n kube-system Name: admin Namespace: kube-system Labels: <none> Annotations: kubectl.kubernetes.io/last-applied-configuration: {"apiVersion":"v1","kind":"ServiceAccount","metadata":{"annotations":{},"name":"admin","namespace":"kube-system"}} Image pull secrets: <none> Mountable secrets: admin-token-2q28f Tokens: admin-token-2q28f Events: <none>
經過clusterrolebinding 能夠拿到ClusterRole對應的rolenamespa
# kubectl get clusterrolebinding admin -o yaml apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 kind: ClusterRoleBinding metadata: annotations: kubectl.kubernetes.io/last-applied-configuration: | {"apiVersion":"rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1","kind":"ClusterRoleBinding","metadata":{"annotations":{},"name":"admin"},"roleRef":{"apiGroup":"rbac.authorization.k8s.io","kind":"ClusterRole","name":"cluster-admin"},"subjects":[{"kind":"ServiceAccount","name":"admin","namespace":"kube-system"}]} creationTimestamp: 2019-05-13T06:08:49Z name: admin resourceVersion: "1523" selfLink: /apis/rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1/clusterrolebindings/admin uid: 93356439-7545-11e9-b617-00163e06992d roleRef: apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io kind: ClusterRole name: cluster-admin subjects: - kind: ServiceAccount name: admin namespace: kube-system
這個role是什麼權限?code
# kubectl get clusterrole cluster-admin -o yaml apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 kind: ClusterRole metadata: annotations: rbac.authorization.kubernetes.io/autoupdate: "true" creationTimestamp: 2019-05-13T06:01:10Z labels: kubernetes.io/bootstrapping: rbac-defaults name: cluster-admin resourceVersion: "55" selfLink: /apis/rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1/clusterroles/cluster-admin uid: 817e2b9e-7544-11e9-9766-00163e0e34c8 rules: - apiGroups: - '*' resources: - '*' verbs: - '*' - nonResourceURLs: - '*' verbs: - '*'
從clusterrole權限來看,admin關聯的權限仍是比較大的,正常的集羣運維中建議根據自身的真實須要,去定製權限。server
瞭解完這些,分享一個小技巧,這樣後面客戶再有curl訪問apiserver的需求,我相信你沒問題了!
# kubectl describe secrets $(kubectl get secrets -n kube-system |grep admin |cut -f1 -d ' ') -n kube-system |grep -E '^token' |cut -f2 -d':'|tr -d '\t'|tr -d ' ' eyJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiIsImtpZCI6IiJ9.eyJpc3MiOiJrdWJlcm5ldGVzL3NlcnZpY2VhY2NvdW50Iiwia3ViZXJuZXRlcy5pby9zZXJ2aWNlYWNjb3VudC9uYW1lc3BhY2UiOiJrdWJlLXN5c3RlbSIsImt1YmVybmV0ZXMuaW8vc2VydmljZWFjY291bnQvc2VjcmV0Lm5hbWUiOiJhZG1pbi10b2tlbi0ycTI4ZiIsImt1YmVybmV0ZXMuaW8vc2VydmljZWFjY291bnQvc2VydmljZS1hY2NvdW50Lm5hbWUiOiJhZG1pbiIsImt1YmVybmV0ZXMuaW8vc2VydmljZWFjY291bnQvc2VydmljZS1hY2NvdW50LnVpZCI6IjkzMzE2ZmZhLTc1NDUtMTFlOS1iNjE3LTAwMTYzZTA2OTkyZCIsInN1YiI6InN5c3RlbTpzZXJ2aWNlYWNjb3VudDprdWJlLXN5c3RlbTphZG1pbiJ9.EQzj2LsWn2k31m-ksn9GmB1bZTi1Xjw1fnmWFgRKlwhS2QAaVnDXfV_TgUovpq5oWKh7h0gTVaNaK4KKK76yAv6GfMehpOdIO5xHCfQAWVRhla1cwUDC64tz7vJ1zGcx_lz4hKfhdXN1T8FYS0B0hf3h2OloAMfCZTzDjRWz24GVwH-WRTEwY_5tav65GiZzBTsnz1vV7NOcx-Kl8AK2HbowtBYqK05x7oOmp84FiQMwpYU-7g0c03h61zev4lvf0e-HFtqKiByPi8gD-uiVRvE-xayOz5oIESWw2GfhzfNf_uyR7eLplCKUBecVMtwVsBauNaeqU-IIJW5VIHAOxw # TOKEN=$(kubectl describe secrets $(kubectl get secrets -n kube-system |grep admin |cut -f1 -d ' ') -n kube-system |grep -E '^token' |cut -f2 -d':'|tr -d '\t'|tr -d ' ') # kubectl config view |grep server|cut -f 2- -d ":" | tr -d " " https://192.168.0.130:6443 # APISERVER=$(kubectl config view |grep server|cut -f 2- -d ":" | tr -d " ")
使用curl訪問apiserver
# curl -H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN" $APISERVER/api --insecure { "kind": "APIVersions", "versions": [ "v1" ], "serverAddressByClientCIDRs": [ { "clientCIDR": "0.0.0.0/0", "serverAddress": "192.168.0.130:6443" } ] }
原文連接 本文爲雲棲社區原創內容,未經容許不得轉載。